scholarly journals AGENTS USED FOR ENAMEL REMINERALISATION AND REDUCING DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
N.V. Yanko
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Fissure Sealing ◽  
The Ideal

ремінералізація, гіперчутливість, десенситизація, емаль, дентинRemineralisation agents not only strengthen enamel resistance, but also can occlude dentine tubules, reducing teeth sensitivity. This article provides an overview of various available agents used for enamel remineralisation and dentin hypersensitivity treatment. Conventional fluorides are used in the form of solutions, varnishes, foam, gels, dentifrices, showing low remineralising and desensitising ability as compared to newer fluoride-content products. Deep fluoridation is an effective method for reducing dentin hypersensitivity for a long time; its remineralising potential is used for white spot lesions treatment, caries prevention, and fissure sealing. Most novel fluoride compounds showed higher remineralising and desensitising abilities as compared to conventional fluorides. Deep penetration fluoridation is an effective method for remineralisation and reducing dentin hypersensitivity in long time. Despite of the fact that calcium phosphate systems have demonstrated a benefit over conventional fluorides in remineralisation their desensitising ability was not confirmed by various studies. The use of bioactive glass in remineralisation and desensitisation is quite promising, but further researches need to be undertaken to prove its efficacy. «Curodont» and synthetic nanohydroxyapatite from biomimetic systems showed good results in the above-mentioned treatments, but more researches are required to confirm their clinical efficacy. There is no doubt that iontophoresis with calcium and fluoride substances is still the most effective method in the office remineralisation, however, its potential effect in desensitisation has to be better evaluated. Efficacy of different kinds of lasers alone or in combination with a remineralisation agent has been confirmed mostly in vitro studies, therefore, there is a lack of clinical trials to prove their benefit. In latter studies, dentin sealants and desensitisers occluded dentin tubules were superior to conventional fluorides and synthetic nanohydroxyapatites. Simultaneously, the data about calcium phosphate and deep penetration fluoridation efficacy over such desensitisers as dentin sealants and nerve sensitivity inhibitors are controversial and indicate that additional studies are required to deepen our knowledge of the insufficiently explored area of reducing dentin hypesensitivity. In spite of the new advances, the ideal treatment modality for remineralisation does not exist. Within last decades, dentistry has made significant steps towards the elusive goal of enamel remineralisation and dentin desensitisation, but more long-term сlinical controlled studies are needed to confirm and quantify these findings, as well as to identify additional factors that can potentiate these processes.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Study on the Effect of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Fluoride Solutions on Color Improvement of White Spot Lesions

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Farzanegan ◽  
Hamideh Ameri ◽  
Ilnaz Miri Soleiman ◽  
Elham Khodaverdi ◽  
Abdolrasoul Rangrazi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesions

Overlaid Ultrathin Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Sheet Improves Dentinal Permeability Inhibition Rate

2016 ◽  
Vol 696 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro Kato ◽  
Yuki Ido ◽  
Ei Yamamoto ◽  
Kenzo Yasuo ◽  
Kazushi Yoshikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Dentin Tubule ◽  
Human Dentin ◽  
Power Setting

Dentin hypersensitivity is induced by mechanical stimuli or heat stimuli applied via exposed dentin tubules. Resin coating and laser-irradiation are used for treatment but have some problems such as poor biocompatibility or difficulty for laser power setting. We have been developing a treatment that creates artificial tooth enamel by attaching flexible ultrathin calcium phosphate sheet to seal the dentin tubule orifice. In this study, the quantitative evaluation of dentinal permeability inhibition rate (DPIR) improved by attaching ultrathin amorphous calcium phosphate (APC) sheets on human dentin in vitro is presented. The obtained DPIR by overlaid APC sheets application was 81.1 ± 5.7 %.

scholarly journals Acquisition of cell migration defines NK cell differentiation from hematopoietic stem cell precursors

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (25) ◽  
pp. 3573-3581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barclay J. Lee ◽  
Emily M. Mace
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Nk Cell Differentiation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Innate Lymphocytes

Human natural killer (NK) cells are generated from CD34+ precursors and can be differentiated in vitro by coculture with developmentally supportive stromal cells. We have previously described the acquisition of cell migration as a feature of NK cell terminal maturation in this system. Here we perform continuous long-term imaging and tracking of NK cell progenitors undergoing in vitro differentiation. We demonstrate that NK cell precursors can be tracked over long time periods on the order of weeks by utilizing phase-contrast microscopy and show that these cells acquire increasing motility as they mature. Additionally, we observe that NK cells display a more heterogeneous range of migratory behaviors at later stages of development, with the acquisition of complex modes of migration that are associated with terminal maturation. Together these data demonstrate previously unknown migratory behaviors of innate lymphocytes undergoing lineage differentiation revealed by long-term imaging and analysis workflows.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of Long-Term Fluoride Ion Release from Nanofluorapatite

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3747
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Herman ◽  
Marta Wujczyk ◽  
Maciej Dobrzynski ◽  
Dorota Diakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Wiglusz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Potential Use

The issue concerning the tooth decay is ongoing, therefore the study of materials with potential use in its prevention is crucial. This study aimed to analyze the long-term release of fluoride from synthesized nanofluorapatite in various in vitro environments for its potential use in dental materials. We placed 100 mg samples in 0.9% NaCl or deionized water and incubated them at 37 °C or 22 °C for 12 weeks. F− levels were read at 1, 3, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, and thereafter weekly. The levels of F− released at specific time intervals, as well as their cumulative values were compared. In a solution of 0.9% NaCl at 22 °C, there were no significant differences in the amount of F− released in the assessed time intervals, while at 37 °C, the highest value was read after 24 h (0.0697 ppm + 0.0006; p < 0.05). In deionized water, the highest amount of F− at 22 °C was read after 4 weeks (0.0776 ppm + 0.0028; p < 0.05), and at 37 °C, it was also the highest after 4 weeks (0.0910 ppm + 0.0156; p < 0.05). Under the same conditions, after 5 weeks the cumulative level of F− released (0.6216 ppm + 0.0085) significantly increased (p < 0.05), when compared to the samples placed in 0.9% NaCl at 37 °C and 22 °C (0.5493 ppm + 0.0321 and 0.5376 ppm + 0.0234, respectively). FAp releases F− for a long period of time in all assessed environments, therefore it is advised to continue testing in vivo models. Due to the probable remineralization effect towards hard tooth tissues, fluorapatite can be used in the prevention and treatment of dental caries and dentin hypersensitivity.

scholarly journals In Vitro Preservation of Potato Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Danuta Strzelczyk-Żyta
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Early Developmental Stage ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
In Vitro Preservation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Early Developmental

Abstract Potato plants free of viruses, bacteria and viroid could be maintained in vitro for a long time. Proper preparation of potato plants for in vitro culture provide its long-term storage in good condition. First step is to establish in vitro culture from young greenhouse grown plants in early developmental stage. Explants are maintained and propagated by nodal subculture on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium at temperature 20-22°C. After rooting, for longer preservation plants are maintained at temperature 8-10°C.

The Potential Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Endurance Exercise: A Mechanistic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM ◽  
◽  
Rezaei AM ◽  
Safaei E ◽  
Iranshani AM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
Training Dosage

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to appraise the results from disseminated human, animal and in vitro studies, and evaluate the possible effect along with the mechanism of CLA supplementation on endurance exercise. Methods: Related articles were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases with defined keywords. Articles were assessed through their titles and abstracts. Finally, 11 articles were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Most of the studies were conducted on animals, and CLA was often supplemented along with training. Dosage and study duration vary for a broad range. Results showed various possible pathways on the effect of CLA supplementation on endurance exercise and related factors. Conclusions: It was indicated that CLA supplementation could prolong endurance performance by improving oxidant status, mitochondrial biogenesis, testosterone biosynthesize, fat oxidation, and change in body composition. Although CLA is being used in many countries and numerous studies have shown its safety, its long-term supplementation and effect need to be investigated. Also, further studies are required to identify the molecular mechanism in the human body.

RETARDED BIOSYNTHESIS OF THYROGLOBULIN SUBUNITS AND THEIR POLYMERIZATION IN VITRO AFTER SUPPRESSION OF TSH SECRETION IN RATS BY CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF EXCESS THYROXINE IN THE FORM OF IODINATED CASEIN

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
J. Sinadinović ◽  
M. Krainčanić ◽  
G. Kostić ◽  
M. Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Thyroxine Treatment ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Reduced Rate

ABSTRACT The effects of short- and long-term (from 3 days to 28 weeks) administration of excess thyroxine in the form of the iodinated casein "Protamone" (0.2%) to rats on the content of soluble thyroid iodoproteins and on biosynthesis and polymerization of thyroid proteins in vitro were investigated. The concentration of soluble iodoproteins significantly increased (40–80%) up to 2 weeks of treatment, and after that remained at the same level. 27S iodoprotein markedly increased during thyroxine treatment. The content of DNA in the gland and the thyroid weight were a little lower in the treated rats than in the control. The incorporation rate of [14C]leucine into soluble and microsome-bound proteins in vitro was markedly reduced in the treated animals (30–80 % of control). Thyroxine pre-treatment of rats induced retarded synthesis of thyroglobulin and its subunits in vitro. The inhibition of the synthesis of thyroid proteins in vitro and the incrrease in the soluble iodopritein content in the gland in vivo was not correlated with the duration of thyroxine treatment. The immobilization of pre-formed thyroglobulin in the follicle lumen for a long time period is probably an important factor in the enlarged conversion of thyroglobulin into 27S iodoprotein. In conclusion, the long-term suppression of endogenous TSH secretion by administration of thyroxine results in an accumulation of iodoproteins in the thyroid and a reduced rate of synthesis of iodoproteins; after 2 weeks a steady state is reached both with regard to iodoprotein accumulation and synthesis. Finally, the results obtained suggest that the thyroid-pituitary axis becomes adapted to chronic administration of excess thyroxine.

scholarly journals An In-Silico Corrosion Model for Biomedical Applications for Coupling With In-Vitro Biocompatibility Tests for Estimation of Long-Term Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijana Šušteršič ◽  
Gorkem Muttalip Simsek ◽  
Guney Guven Yapici ◽  
Milica Nikolić ◽  
Radun Vulović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms

The release of metal particles and ions due to wear and corrosion is one of the main underlying reasons for the long-term complications of implantable metallic implants. The rather short-term focus of the established in-vitro biocompatibility tests cannot take into account such effects. Corrosion behavior of metallic implants mostly investigated in in-vitro body-like environments for long time periods and their coupling with long-term in-vitro experiments are not practical. Mathematical modeling and modeling the corrosion mechanisms of metals and alloys is receiving a considerable attention to make predictions in particular for long term applications by decreasing the required experimental duration. By using such in-silico approaches, the corrosion conditions for later stages can be mimicked immediately in in-vitro experiments. For this end, we have developed a mathematical model for multi-pit corrosion based on Cellular Automata (CA). The model consists of two sub-models, corrosion initialization and corrosion progression, each driven by a set of rules. The model takes into account several environmental factors (pH, temperature, potential difference, etc.), as well as stochastic component, present in phenomena such as corrosion. The selection of NiTi was based on the risk of Ni release from the implant surface as it leads to immune reactions. We have also performed experiments with Nickel Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys. The images both from simulation and experiments can be analyzed using a set of statistical methods, also investigated in this paper (mean corrosion, standard deviation, entropy etc.). For more widespread implementation, both simulation model, as well as analysis of output images are implemented as a web tool. Described methodology could be applied to any metal provided that the parameters for the model are available. Such tool can help biomedical researchers to test their new metallic implant systems at different time points with respect to ion release and corrosion and couple the obtained information directly with in-vitro tests.

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