scholarly journals Retinopathy of Prematurity in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (169) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijana Adhikari ◽  
B P Badhu ◽  
N K Bhatta ◽  
R S Rajbhandari ◽  
B K Kalakheti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Screening Criteria

World Health Organization’s Vision 2020 program has recognized Retinopathy of Prematurity(ROP) as an important cause of childhood blindness in industrialized and developing countries. Inthe last few years, it has been identifi ed in many under developed countries as well, as a result ofimproved neonatal intensive care. In Nepal, ROP screening is carried out in a few tertiary hospitalsbut there is no published data on this disease. The purpose of this study was to fi nd out the incidence,severity and risk factors of ROP among infants screened in a tertiary care hospital in the EasternRegion of Nepal.A prospective cohort study was carried out in neonates with gestational age of 34 weeks or less and,or birth weight of 1700 gm or less born over the period of one year. Dilated fundus examination ofall babies was done by indirect ophthalmoscopy between 2-4 weeks after birth and followed up tillthe retinal vascularization was complete. Classifi cation of ROP was done according to internationalclassifi cation (ICROP). Maternal and neonatal risk factors were also noted.A total of 55 babies fulfi lled the screening criteria. ROP was present in 25.45% (n=14) of the babies.Threshold disease was noted in 5.45% (n=3) of the babies screened. Low birth weight (p<0.01)and low gestational age (p<0.01) was signifi cantly associated with the incidence of ROP. Oxygensupplementation (p=<0.01) was an independent risk factor.ROP screening should be performed in all preterm low birth weight infants where there is availabilityof good neonatal intensive care units. The examination should be intensifi ed in those having riskfactors like oxygen. Further studies in the other tertiary care hospitals in Nepal would help toestablish the screening criteria for Nepalese infants.Key words: Retinopathy of prematurity, Eastern Nepal, screening

TO STUDY THE INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Kajaldeep Kaur ◽  
Gursharn Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Retinal Examination

BACKGROUND: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial retinal vaso-proliferative disorder which remains a leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide despite improvements in neonatal care and management guidelines. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of ROP among preterm neonates and to determine the risk factors. METHODS: All preterm infants with birth weight <1750 gm and gestation <34 weeks were screened for ROP at 4 weeks of birth for rst screening. Prenatal and postnatal risk factors, neonatal problems, treatment given, procedures and interventions done during stay in neonatal intensive care unit were recorded as per the proforma. The data from the study was systematically collected, compiled and statistically analyzed with SPSS Statistics-26 version to draw relevant conclusions. RESULTS: The incidence of ROP in 89 infants who were screened was 44%. The mean gestational age of babies with ROP was 32 weeks. In our study, pneumonia, apnea, sepsis, thrombocytopenia, NEC, shock, acidosis, IVH, BPD, the use of Bubble CPAP, Venti-CPAP and mechanical ventilator, the vasopressor use and blood transfusion were signicant risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of ROP was signicantly higher in babies <34 weeks. It was observed in our that lower the birth weight and lower the gestational age, higher is the risk for the development of ROP. Careful and timed retinal examination of all at risk infants will minimize the development of ROP and later on blindness.

scholarly journals DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT RURAL TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangal Kishanrao Choure ◽  
Rakesh Ramratan Jadhav ◽  
Sudhir Laxmanrao Padwal
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Utilization Study

Objectives: To study the trends of drug utilization pattern in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at rural tertiary care hospital using the World HealthOrganization core indicators.Methods: The study was cross-sectional, observational study in NICU of Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Maharashtra. Data were collected byscrutinizing the prescriptions written by pediatricians in NICU. The consent of parents of neonate was obtained for inclusion in the study. Parameterssuch as age, gender, birth weight, current illness, congenital anomalies, gestational age at birth, and drugs prescription analyzed.Results: A total 220 prescription were scrutinized. Out of 220 neonates, 53.6% was males and 46.3% females. The total number of drugs prescribedwas 808 and the average number of drugs per prescription was 3.6. The most frequently prescribed therapeutic class of drugs antimicrobial agents(60.64%) followed by vitamin K (26.7%) and aminophylline (9.4%). The maximum number (50%) of neonate born with birth weight <2.5. Themaximum number (42%) of neonate was born at 34-36 weeks of gestation. Preterm low birth weight was the most common observed reason foradmission to NICU. The drugs are prescribed by branded name outnumbered than generic name.Conclusion: This study highlights the problem of overprescribing of antibiotics, inadequate labeling and a trend toward polypharmacy.Keywords: Drug utilization study, Neonatal intensive care unit, Prescription, Neonate.

scholarly journals Drug utilization study in a neonatal intensive care unit of a government tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1572
Author(s):  
Arvind V. Kumbhar ◽  
Nimish R. Halasawadekar ◽  
Sunita J. Ramanand ◽  
Jaiprakash B. Ramanand ◽  
Praveen T. Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Presently drug utilization studies (DUS) are in an evolving era. Current literature search has shown paucity of epidemiological studies in the field of paediatric pharmacology. Hence the present study was designed to assess the drug utilization pattern in neonatal intensive care unit to improvise the current prescription practices, if required and to determine areas in neonatal pharmacology in need of further research.Methods: A prospective, observational study spanned for a period of one year from January 2015 to December 2015 was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Government teaching tertiary care hospital, Maharashtra. Data of prescribed drugs was collected. WHO prescribing indicators were used for evaluating DUS. Assessment of exposure rates of different class of drugs in different gestational age groups was done. Data were analysed using descriptive studies.Results: Data of 205 neonates, showed male preponderance (53.17%) over female neonates (46.83%). With regard to the gestational age, 47.31% were term, 52.68% preterm. Average number of drugs per encounter was 6.69. 76.29% drugs were prescribed by generic name and 69.80 % drugs were from IAP list of essential medicines for children. Mean drug use was 6.23±3.34 per patient. Most common class of drug to which neonates were exposed was antibiotics (96.10%) and amikacin topped the list with exposure rate of 91.22%.Conclusions: The present study substantiates the need for implementation of institutional antibiotic policies, awareness regarding IAP list of essential drugs for children, prescription by generic name and rational drug use.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with retinopathy of prematurity among neonates in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Jyoti Baba Shrestha ◽  
Reena Yadav ◽  
Jeevan Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Laxman Shrestha ◽  
Raman Prasad Sah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity is a vascular retinal disease that can cause blindness in premature new born babies. Several risk factors are associated with the incidence of ROP. Information and data on risk factors associated with ROP in context to Nepalese population is scarcely documented in literature.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in premature infants admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.Methods: Neonates with gestational age of 36 weeks or less and birth weight of 2000 gram or less admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), during 2013 to 2015 were screened for retinopathy of prematurity. Risk factors and severity of retinopathy of prematurity were evaluated. The initial examination was carried out at 4-6 weeks after birth by indirect ophthalmoscope and retinopathy of prematurity positive and negative infants were compared subsequently. The Chisquare and independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically signifi cant.Results: The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was 22.6% and severe retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment was observed in 3.2% of 93 neonates who had eye examinations. There was a signifi cant relationship between the occurrence of ROP and birth weight (p=0.000), gestational age (p=0.000), duration of oxygen therapy (p=0.009) and sepsis (p=0.002). However, insignifi cant relationship was observed between the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity and gender, type of delivery, multiple gestation, premature rupture of foetal membrane, respiratory distress syndrome and hyperbilirubinaemia.Conclusion: The risk factors contributing to development of retinopathy of prematurity showed signifi cant relationship with immaturity, duration of oxygen supplementation and septicaemia.Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 5, No. 1, Issue 15, Jan.-Mar., 2016,page: 28-33

scholarly journals Drug utilization pattern in a neonatal intensive care unit at tertiary care hospital attached to a medical college in Southern Karnataka, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Keerthi Budnoor Jayaram ◽  
Usha D. ◽  
Prem Bhushal
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Utilization Pattern

Background: Neonates and in particular preterm neonates belongs to the most vulnerable population. A neonatal intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a highly specialized unit that provides high quality skilled care to critically ill new newborn, premature or low birth weight babies. Apart from facilities for continuous clinical and biochemical monitoring, NICU management involves the use of wide range of medications. Irrational prescription of drug is common in clinical practice, important reason being lack of knowledge about drug prescription. Developing countries have limited funds available for health care and drugs so it becomes very important to prescribe drugs rationally. The present study was done to find out the drug utilization pattern and improve the rational use which aids in the improvement of neonatal care.  Methods: The study was retrospective study in NICU of tertiary care hospital attached to MIMS, Mandya for a duration of 6 months. Data extraction sheet were used to collect the information regarding demographic details, maternal and delivery details, indication for admission, final diagnosis and medications administered. Data collected were evaluated for the category of prescribed, based on World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Committee (WHO classification system and were analyzed using SPSS. WHO drug utilization core indicators were also evaluated.Results: Among 400 neonates admitted in NICU during the study period, 53.7% were males and 46.2% were females. There were 29.7% preterm born neonates. The maximum number of neonates were admitted in early neonatal period (87.25%). Neonatal sepsis (37.9%) and Birth asphyxia (11.6%) were the most common indications for admission. The total number of drugs prescribed was 1428 and the average number of drugs per neonate was 3.57. Preterm (<37weeks) and low birth weight (<2.5Kg) were exposed to significantly higher number of drugs. The most frequently prescribed therapeutic class of drugs was anti-infectives (60.36%), followed by drugs of central nervous system (7. 84%). Among the anti-infectives, the most commonly prescribed drugs were Ampicillin (59%), followed by gentamycin (42.5%). High end antibiotics like carbapenems, colistin’s and linezolid were used in less than 5% of cases.Conclusions: Drug use in neonates should be minimal and focus on the importance of therapeutic treatment guidelines establishment in hospital to control the over usage of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Retinopathy of prematurity: study of incidence, risk factors and outcome in level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Uma Devi Rachamadugu ◽  
Sravani Devana ◽  
Srikanth Sandanala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Advancing technology in antenatal and neonatal care has resulted in better survival of preterm neonates in developing countries in the past few decades. This has resulted in an apparent increase in the incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), which is the most important cause of preventable blindness in infants.Methods: A prospective clinical study was done for 18 months in 400 preterm babies less than 34 weeks of Gestational Age (GA) or less than 1750 gm of Birth Weight (BW). ROP screening was performed. The babies who developed any stage of ROP were taken as cases and the babies who did not have ROP were taken as controls. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (Version 20.0). p value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Four hundred babies were thus examined. The overall incidence of ROP in the study group was 10.25% (41 babies). Out of them, 38 babies (92.6%) had stage-1 ROP and 3 babies (7.31%) had stage-2 ROP. three babies (7.31%) required laser treatment. Risk factor analysis revealed that gestational age at birth, low birth weight, need foroxygenation, RDS, clinical sepsis, HIE, AKI, NNS, resuscitation, apnea.Conclusions: Screening should be intensified in the presence of risk factors like resuscitation, oxygen requirement, apnoea and prolonged hospital stay, which can reduce the incidence of severe stages of ROP as shown by this study.

scholarly journals The Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Sick Newborn Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India - A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 1299-1303
Author(s):  
Pinaki Sengupta ◽  
Sheuli Kumar ◽  
Mohua Mazumdar ◽  
Soumyadeep Majumdar ◽  
Manideepa Pande
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of ocular morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Prematurity, low–birth, and oxygen therapy are considered to be the common risk factors. The maldeveloped retina in those affected are very much prone to develop refractive error, neo-vasculopathy, and neurosensory detachment. The purpose of our study was to find out the incidence and ascertain the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity among the neonates attending the sick neonatal care unit and OPD of Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital. METHODS This is an institution based cross-sectional observational study conducted in the sick newborn care unit of a tertiary care hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the parents along with proper birth history. Indirect ophthalmoscopy with a + 20 dioptre (+ 20 D) lens with a paediatric scleral depressor was performed in each eye under the guidance of the neonatologist after pupillary dilatation. If either eye was found to have ROP, the baby was considered as an ROP case in the study and each eye was considered as a single case. RESULTS 50.27 % babies (N = 91) were delivered by Lower Uterine Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) and 55. 24 % babies were < 32 weeks of gestational age whereas 21.45 % (N = 39) babies were having < 1500 gm birth weight. Phototherapy was needed in 50 % of the babies (N = 92) whereas hyperbilirubinemia was present in 59.66 % of total babies. Bradycardia, apnoea, and sepsis were present in 29.83 % (N = 54), 25.41 % (N = 46), 41.98 % (N = 76) of the babies respectively. When compared in the two independent groups (ROP present and absent), low gestational age and low birth weight of the babies were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) for the development of ROP. After adjusting with different factors in the regression model we have found that low birth weight and oxygen therapy after birth were statistically significant with the development of ROP (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ROP screening, specifically for those babies with low-birthweight, low gestational age, and those who received oxygen therapy for other systemic reasons, is mandatory to have an early diagnosis and treatment done. KEYWORDS ROP, Low-Birthweight, Gestational Age, Oxygen Therapy

scholarly journals Intraventricular haemorrhage in very preterm neonates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Saurabh Kapoor ◽  
Ravi Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar Sapare ◽  
Rajiv Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Intraventricular Haemorrhage ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: The objective of the current study was to evaluate the incidence of intraventricular haemorrhage and its associated risk factors in preterm neonates.Methods: This cohort study done at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital in south India enrolled 104 preterm neonates with either gestational age <32weeks and/or birth weight <1500 grams at birth. These babies were serially screened for intraventricular haemorrhage by doing a neurosonogram on day3 and day 14 of life.Results: Incidence of IVH was found to be 18.2%. Amongst these cases 52.6% babies had Grade I, 36.8% babies had Grade II and 10.6% babies had Grade III intraventricular hemorrhage with ventriculomegaly, as per Papile grading system. It was seen that hypotension needing use of inotropes and neonatal sepsis were significantly associated with IVH.Conclusions: The incidence of IVH in babies born with gestational age <32weeks and/or birth weight <1500 grams was 18.2% in our study. Neonatal sepsis and hypotension requiring use of inotropes were found to be the significant risk factors in this population.

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