scholarly journals Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography: A Recent Application for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (171) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Maruyama ◽  
M Yoshikawa ◽  
O Yokosuka
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Color Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Tumor Vascularity ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Hepatocellular carcinoma has a decisive influence on the prognosis of cirrhotic patients, and the use of imaging modalities is essential for the screening, diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ultrasound plays a major role among them, because it provides real-time and non-invasive observation by a simple and easy technique. In addition, ultrasound-guided needle puncture methods are frequently required for the diagnosis and/or treatment process of hepatocellular carcinoma. The development of digital technology has led to the detectability of blood flow by color Doppler ultrasound, and the sensitivity for tumor vascularity has shown remarkable improvement with the introduction of microbubble contrast agents. Moreover, near real-time three-dimensional ultrasound images are now available. These advancements in the ultrasound field have led to rapid progress in hepatocellular carcinoma management, and continuing advances are expected. This article reviews the current application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for hepatocellular carcinoma in clinical practice.JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2008 Jul-Sep;47(171):156-166.

scholarly journals Prenatal Sonographic Image of Sirenomelia with Anencephaly and Craniorachischisis Totalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Takako Sugiura ◽  
Yuka Sato ◽  
Naoyuki Nakanami ◽  
Kiyomi Tsukimori
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Color Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Prenatal Counselling ◽  
Medical Termination

Sirenomelia is a rare congenital malformation characterized by varying degrees of fusion of the lower extremities. It is commonly associated with severe urogenital and gastrointestinal malformations; however, the association of sirenomelia with anencephaly and rachischisis totalis is extremely rare. To our knowledge, the prenatal sonographic images of this association have not been previously published. Here, we present prenatal sonographic images of this association, detected during the 17th week of gestation through combined two-dimensional, four-dimensional, and color Doppler ultrasound. Two-dimensional ultrasound images showed anencephaly, spina bifida, and possible fusion of the lower limbs. Three-dimensional HDlive rendering images confirmed the final diagnosis of sirenomelia with anencephaly and rachischisis totalis. The patient opted to undergo medical termination of pregnancy and delivered a fetus with fused lower limbs, anencephaly, and rachischisis totalis confirming the in utero imaging findings. Awareness of these rare associations will help avoid misdiagnoses and facilitate prenatal counselling. This case highlights the importance of a thorough ultrasound examination.

scholarly journals Contrast-Enhanced and Microvascular Ultrasound Imaging Features of Testicular Lymphoma: Report of Five Cases and Review Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Yuan Tao ◽  
Bao Meiling ◽  
Zhang Weixin ◽  
Hang Jing
Keyword(s):  
Color Doppler ◽  
Color Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Testicular Lymphoma ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Conventional Ultrasound ◽  
Primary Testicular Lymphoma

Abstract Background: To retrospectively investigate the grey-scale, Doppler, contrast-enhanced and microvascular ultrasound of five patients with primary testicular lymphoma of our institute through review literature analysis.Methods: From January to November 2020, five patients with primary testicular lymphoma confirmed by histology were preoperatively investigated with a standardized sonographic protocol including contrast-enhanced and microvascular ultrasound.Results: Conventional ultrasound showed localized hypoechogenicity represented with solitary lesions(2 of 5), multiple lesions (2 of 5), or entire testicular involvement (1 of 5). And increased blood flow appeared by color Doppler ultrasound with straight vascular sign(4 of 5). In contrast-enhanced ultrasound images confirmed this pattern(4 of 5) and presented incresaed enhancement with enlarged range. On microvascular ultrasound imagings, all lesions were presented with straight and parallel course of intralesional vessels(5 of 5).Conclusions: Here, we identified the increased vascularity with enlarged range on contrast-enhanced ultrasound along with a linear nonbranching pattern by vascular sign on microvascular ultrasonographic of testicular lymphoma.

scholarly journals Advanced ultrasonography technologies to assess the effects of radiofrequency ablation on hepatocellular carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Toshikuni ◽  
Hisakazu Shiroeda ◽  
Kazuaki Ozaki ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsue ◽  
Takahiro Minato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
Avascular Area ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Background. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In RFA, ultrasonography (US) is most commonly used to guide tumor puncture, while its effects are assessed using dynamic computed tomography or magnetic resonance. The differences in modalities used for RFA and assessment of its effects complicate RFA. We developed a method for assessing the effects of RFA on HCC by combining contrast-enhanced (CE) US and real-time virtual sonography with three-dimensional US data. Patients and methods. Before RFA, we performed a sweep scan of the target HCC nodule and the surrounding hepatic parenchyma to generate three-dimensional US data. After RFA, we synchronized multi-planar reconstruction images derived from stored three-dimensional US data with real-time US images on the same US monitor and performed CEUS and real-time virtual sonography. Using a marking function, we drew a sphere marker along the target HCC nodule contour on pre-treatment US- multi-planar reconstruction images so that the automatically synchronized sphere marker represented the original HCC nodule contour on post-treatment real-time CEUS images. Ablation was considered sufficient when an avascular area with a margin of several millimeters in all directions surrounded the sphere marker on CEUS. Results. This method was feasible and useful for assessing therapeutic effects in 13 consecutive patients with HCC who underwent RFA. In 2 patients who underwent multiple sessions of RFA, HCC-nodule portions requiring additional RFA were easily identified on US images. Conclusions. This method using advanced US technologies will facilitate assessment of the effects of RFA on HCC.

scholarly journals Use of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound with Sonazoid for Evaluating the Radiotherapy Efficacy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Akihiro Funaoka ◽  
Kazushi Numata ◽  
Atsuya Takeda ◽  
Yusuke Saigusa ◽  
Yuichirou Tsurugai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Tumor Vascularity ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Radiotherapy is one of the available curative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigate the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound using Sonazoid (SCEUS) in evaluating the efficacy of radiotherapy for HCC. We enrolled 59 patients with 59 HCCs in this retrospective study. Tumor size and tumor vascularity were evaluated using SCEUS before and 1, 3, 7, 10, and 13 months after radiotherapy. The median follow-up period was 44.5 months (range: 16–82 months). Of the HCCs, 95% (56/59) had no local recurrence, while 5% (3/59) did. At 13 months after radiotherapy, in cases with no local recurrence, SCEUS showed a reduction in tumor vascularity in all cases, while tumor size reduction (>30% reduction, compared with pre-radiotherapy) was observed in 82.1% (46/56). In all three cases of local recurrence, vascularity and tumor size reduction were not observed during the follow-up period and residual HCCs were demonstrated pathologically. Compared with cases with local recurrence, tumor size reduction and reduction in tumor vascularity (p < 0.001) were significantly greater in cases with no local recurrence at 13 months after radiotherapy. SCEUS may be useful in evaluating radiotherapy efficacy for HCC.

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