scholarly journals Evaluation of genotypic variation for growth of rice seedlings under optimized hydroponics medium

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Pandey ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Borah ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Meena ◽  
Prem Bindraban
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Euclidean Distance Matrix ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Squared Euclidean Distance

Although rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a semi-aquatic plant, its growth in solution culture is often problematic. In commonly used rice hydroponics media, plants exhibited mild nitrogen deficiency, leaf tip burn, salt deposition, along with zinc and iron deficiency. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the nutrient media for growing rice plants taking into consideration the nutrient concentration, pH and ratio of NH4 + to NO3 – nitrogen (N) and named it as ‘Pusa Rice Hydroponics’ (PusaRicH). PusaRicH contains higher amounts of macronutrients, significantly lower B, Mn and Cl and higher amounts of Zn than two commonly used hydroponics media, ‘Yoshida’ and ‘Kumura B’. The optimal ratio of NH4 + to NO3 – – N in PusaRicH medium was 0.5 mM NH4 + and 7.0 mM NO3 – with pH 5.0. The PusaRicH medium was validated by growing 100 diverse rice genotypes and it significantly outperformed the widely cited ‘Yoshida’ and ‘Kimura B’. Cluster analysis carried out on the squared Euclidean distance matrix of biomass and leaf area values of genotypes revealed four major clusters in all hydroponics medium. However, only PusaRicH medium resulted in ten genotypes as good performers in comparison to other two widely cited media. Therefore, the optimized PusaRicH medium can be used successfully to grow rice seedlings in hydroponic system which will aid in screening large number of genotypes in breeding and other physiological experiments.

Revisiting the role of organic acids in the bicarbonate tolerance of zinc-efficient rice genotypes

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Rose ◽  
Terry J. Rose ◽  
Juan Pariasca-Tanaka ◽  
Widodo ◽  
Matthias Wissuwa
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
Rice Genotypes

It has been hypothesised that enhanced organic acid release from the roots of zinc-efficient rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes plays a strong role in plant tolerance to both bicarbonate excess and Zn deficiency. To address several uncertainties in the literature surrounding the tolerance of rice to bicarbonate, we initially assessed the tolerance of six rice genotypes to bicarbonate stress under field conditions and in solution culture. The landrace Jalmagna and its recombinant inbred offspring, RIL46, consistently performed better in terms of maintenance of biomass and root length under high bicarbonate concentrations. In the hydroponic experiments, increased root malate (but not citrate) accumulation and efflux were responses to high solution bicarbonate in the short-term (12 h) in all genotypes. Although both citrate and malate accumulation and efflux increased after long-term exposure (10 days) to high bicarbonate and Zn deficiency, it coincided with amino acid leakage from the roots. Partial least-squares regression showed that this leakage consistently ranked highly as an indicator of poor plant health under all stress conditions, whereas specific malate efflux (the ratio of malate to amino acid efflux) was an important predictor of good plant health. The root leakage of Zn-inefficient genotypes under bicarbonate and dual stress (bicarbonate with low Zn) was typically higher than in Zn-efficient genotypes, and coincided with higher peroxide concentrations, suggesting that bicarbonate tolerance is related to the ability of Zn-efficient genotypes to overcome oxidative stress, maintain root membrane integrity and minimise root leakage.

scholarly journals Effects of aluminium toxicity on some biochemical components of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Rifat Samad ◽  
Parveen Rashid ◽  
JL Karmoker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Aluminium Toxicity ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Rice Plants

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of aluminium (Al) toxicity on reducing and total sugar, proline, total amino acid and protein in rice seedlings grown in solution culture and phenolic compounds, chlorophyll and carotenoids in rice plants grown in sand culture. Exposure of rice seedlings to different concentrations of aluminium (10 - 150 μM) led to a stimulation of reducing and total sugar in the root and the shoot. Similarly, Al stress increased proline and total amino acid contents in different parts of rice seedlings. Aluminium toxicity caused a significant increase in phenolic compounds in rice plants. On the other hand, aluminium stress resulted in a reduction of chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and carotenoid contents in the leaves of rice plants. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 125-132, 2020 (January)

scholarly journals Integrative Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Reveals an Alternative Molecular Network of Glutamine Synthetase 2 Corresponding to Nitrogen Deficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7674
Author(s):  
Ting Liang ◽  
Zhengqing Yuan ◽  
Lu Fu ◽  
Menghan Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
N Deficiency

Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. The root system architecture is a highly regulated morphological system, which is sensitive to the availability of nutrients, such as N. Phenotypic characterization of roots from LY9348 (a rice variety with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)) treated with 0.725 mM NH4NO3 (1/4N) was remarkable, especially primary root (PR) elongation, which was the highest. A comprehensive analysis was performed for transcriptome and proteome profiling of LY9348 roots between 1/4N and 2.9 mM NH4NO3 (1N) treatments. The results indicated 3908 differential expression genes (DEGs; 2569 upregulated and 1339 downregulated) and 411 differential abundance proteins (DAPs; 192 upregulated and 219 downregulated). Among all DAPs in the proteome, glutamine synthetase (GS2), a chloroplastic ammonium assimilation protein, was the most upregulated protein identified. The unexpected concentration of GS2 from the shoot to the root in the 1/4N treatment indicated that the presence of an alternative pathway of N assimilation regulated by GS2 in LY9348 corresponded to the low N signal, which was supported by GS enzyme activity and glutamine/glutamate (Gln/Glu) contents analysis. In addition, N transporters (NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.3, NRT2.4, NAR2.1, AMT1.3, AMT1.2, and putative AMT3.3) and N assimilators (NR2, GS1;1, GS1;2, GS1;3, NADH-GOGAT2, and AS2) were significantly induced during the long-term N-deficiency response at the transcription level (14 days). Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis demonstrated that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism were significantly modulated by N deficiency. Notably, many transcription factors and plant hormones were found to participate in root morphological adaptation. In conclusion, our study provides valuable information to further understand the response of rice roots to N-deficiency stress.

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