scholarly journals Effects of aluminium toxicity on some biochemical components of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Rifat Samad ◽  
Parveen Rashid ◽  
JL Karmoker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Aluminium Toxicity ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Rice Plants

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of aluminium (Al) toxicity on reducing and total sugar, proline, total amino acid and protein in rice seedlings grown in solution culture and phenolic compounds, chlorophyll and carotenoids in rice plants grown in sand culture. Exposure of rice seedlings to different concentrations of aluminium (10 - 150 μM) led to a stimulation of reducing and total sugar in the root and the shoot. Similarly, Al stress increased proline and total amino acid contents in different parts of rice seedlings. Aluminium toxicity caused a significant increase in phenolic compounds in rice plants. On the other hand, aluminium stress resulted in a reduction of chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and carotenoid contents in the leaves of rice plants. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 125-132, 2020 (January)

scholarly journals Ion transportation and accumulation of total sugar, soluble protein and amino acid in Lens culinaris Medik Var. Barimasur-4 (Lentil) under phosporus deficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bimal Chandra Sarker ◽  
JL Karmoker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Some ionic and biochemical responses of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) under phosphorus deficient condition were studied. Seedlings were raised in solution culture containing phosphorus and without phosphorus (P-deficiency). Phosphorus deficiency decreased Ca­2+ and Fe2+ accumulation and slightly decreased Mg2+ accumulation in root and shoot of lentil. Phosphorus deficiency caused a decrease in accumulation of total sugars in leaf and stem but increased in root. Accumulation of total soluble proteins was depressed in lentil following P-deficiency treatment. Phosphorus deficiency increased total amino acid contents in both root and shoot. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i1.15315 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(1): 1-6, June 2012

Partial Proteolysis of Rice Phytochrome: Comparison with Oat Phytochrome

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 757-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Schendel ◽  
Zhe Tong ◽  
Wolfhart Rüdiger
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Active Center ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Conserved Sequence

Phytochrome was isolated from etiolated rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) by slight modification of the procedure for oat phytochrome. Spectral data of rice phytochrome are comparable with those of oat and rye phytochrome. Controlled proteolysis with endoproteinases Lys-C and Glu-C yielded defined fragments some of which were different for Pr and Pfr. The fragments were identified by comparison with the corresponding fragments of oat phytochrome and by comparison of the amino acid sequences of rice and oat phytochrome. Regions of the peptide chain which are differently exposed in Pr and Pfr were identified. A highly conserved sequence around residues 740-750 is discussed as candidate for an ‘‘active center’’ of signal transduction.

Revisiting the role of organic acids in the bicarbonate tolerance of zinc-efficient rice genotypes

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Rose ◽  
Terry J. Rose ◽  
Juan Pariasca-Tanaka ◽  
Widodo ◽  
Matthias Wissuwa
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
Rice Genotypes

It has been hypothesised that enhanced organic acid release from the roots of zinc-efficient rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes plays a strong role in plant tolerance to both bicarbonate excess and Zn deficiency. To address several uncertainties in the literature surrounding the tolerance of rice to bicarbonate, we initially assessed the tolerance of six rice genotypes to bicarbonate stress under field conditions and in solution culture. The landrace Jalmagna and its recombinant inbred offspring, RIL46, consistently performed better in terms of maintenance of biomass and root length under high bicarbonate concentrations. In the hydroponic experiments, increased root malate (but not citrate) accumulation and efflux were responses to high solution bicarbonate in the short-term (12 h) in all genotypes. Although both citrate and malate accumulation and efflux increased after long-term exposure (10 days) to high bicarbonate and Zn deficiency, it coincided with amino acid leakage from the roots. Partial least-squares regression showed that this leakage consistently ranked highly as an indicator of poor plant health under all stress conditions, whereas specific malate efflux (the ratio of malate to amino acid efflux) was an important predictor of good plant health. The root leakage of Zn-inefficient genotypes under bicarbonate and dual stress (bicarbonate with low Zn) was typically higher than in Zn-efficient genotypes, and coincided with higher peroxide concentrations, suggesting that bicarbonate tolerance is related to the ability of Zn-efficient genotypes to overcome oxidative stress, maintain root membrane integrity and minimise root leakage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genotypic variation for growth of rice seedlings under optimized hydroponics medium

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Pandey ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Borah ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Meena ◽  
Prem Bindraban
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Euclidean Distance Matrix ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Squared Euclidean Distance

Although rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a semi-aquatic plant, its growth in solution culture is often problematic. In commonly used rice hydroponics media, plants exhibited mild nitrogen deficiency, leaf tip burn, salt deposition, along with zinc and iron deficiency. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the nutrient media for growing rice plants taking into consideration the nutrient concentration, pH and ratio of NH4 + to NO3 – nitrogen (N) and named it as ‘Pusa Rice Hydroponics’ (PusaRicH). PusaRicH contains higher amounts of macronutrients, significantly lower B, Mn and Cl and higher amounts of Zn than two commonly used hydroponics media, ‘Yoshida’ and ‘Kumura B’. The optimal ratio of NH4 + to NO3 – – N in PusaRicH medium was 0.5 mM NH4 + and 7.0 mM NO3 – with pH 5.0. The PusaRicH medium was validated by growing 100 diverse rice genotypes and it significantly outperformed the widely cited ‘Yoshida’ and ‘Kimura B’. Cluster analysis carried out on the squared Euclidean distance matrix of biomass and leaf area values of genotypes revealed four major clusters in all hydroponics medium. However, only PusaRicH medium resulted in ten genotypes as good performers in comparison to other two widely cited media. Therefore, the optimized PusaRicH medium can be used successfully to grow rice seedlings in hydroponic system which will aid in screening large number of genotypes in breeding and other physiological experiments.

Evaluation of Physiological and Biochemical Contents in Desi and Kabuli Chickpea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Vinod Kumar Sahu ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
M. K. Tripathi ◽  
M. Yasin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), a self-pollinating legume being cultivated globally as a rich source of vegetarian protein. It plays an important role in human feed and nutritional security, especially in agricultural-based communities. Chickpea has higher bioavailability of protein, good sources of polyphenols and flavonoids. Besides their nutritional value, chickpea seeds contain various phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds are of particular interest due to their contribution to the seed colour, sensory characteristics and several biological properties. Flavonoids are one of the main groups of phenolic compounds found in grain legumes. Desi and Kabuli chickpeas are being used worldwide and there are few studies where both desi and kabuli chickpeas seed flour for above properties with respect to physiological traits has been reported. Methods: The present investigation has been formulated to compare popular chickpea genotypes of desi and kabuli types for biochemical parameters viz., protein content, amino acid, total flavonoid content, total phenolic contents and RSA as well as two physiological traits i.e., chlorophyll content and leaf area index. The experiment consisted of 44 genotypes () grown in Randomized Block Design with row to row distance of 30 cm, in two replications during Rabi 2018-19. Result: The average crude protein content in desi and kabuli chana varied from 18.2% (Dollar variety) to 26.7% (JG315) and total phenolic content (TPC) ranged 1.22 to 0.74 mg/g. Total Flavonoid content (TFC) varied from 0.39 (ICCV-2) to 0.61 mg/g (JAKI-9218) with mean value of 0.47. Radical scavenging activity (RSA) in chickpea genotypes ranged from 36.2 to 49.5% with mean value of 40.86%. Total amino acid significantly correlated with TPC and TFC and TPC significantly correlated with TFC at 5% significant level.

scholarly journals Aluminium toxicity on the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seedlings grown in hydroponic culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Rifat Samad ◽  
Parveen Rashid ◽  
JL Karmoker
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Aluminium Toxicity ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Generic Difference

Effects of four different concentrations of aluminium (10, 50, 100 and 150 μM) on some antioxidant enzyme activities like peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase of the seedlings of rice and chickpea grown in hydroponic culture showed aluminium toxicity which caused a dramatic increase in peroxidase and catalase activities in the root and shoot of rice seedlings. Al (150 μM) caused eight to nine-folds increase in peroxidase and catalase activity, respectively, in the root of rice seedlings. On the contrary, Al stress decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the root and shoot of rice seedlings. In chickpea seedlings, Al stress caused a few-folds increases in peroxidase, catalase and SOD activities in the roots and leaves. A dramatic 14.8 and 14.6-folds increase in SOD activity was recorded in the roots and leaves of chickpea seedlings, respectively. It is noted that there is a generic difference between rice and chickpea with respect to the effect of Al stress on SOD activity.

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