scholarly journals Question of the Composition of the Local Council in the 1906 Predsobornoe Prisutstvie

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-155
Author(s):  
Владислав Иванович Пшибышевский
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Local Council ◽  
The Church

Целью исследования является анализ дискуссий первого предсоборного органа - Предсоборного Присутствия 1906 г. по вопросу о составе Поместного Собора, состоявшегося в 1917/18 гг. Этот вопрос был одним из главных в ходе дискуссий о желательных преобразованиях в жизни Церкви. Естественно, что участниками Всероссийского Священного Собора должны были стать лучшие представители всех уровней. Решения по столь неоднозначному вопросу были приняты не вдруг. Данное исследование привело к выводу, что участники Присутствия разошлись между собой при обсуждении состава Собора: одним он представлялся чисто епископским, а решения его следовало просто сообщить всей Церкви; другие же, которых в исследуемое время было большинство, писали о том, что такое величественное событие, как Поместный Собор Российской Православной Церкви, должно представлять все уровни общества, дабы принятые на нём решения не были односторонними и затрагивали все проблемные стороны жизни Церкви. Итоги работы Присутствия подвигли Святейший Синод официально, за подписью императора опубликовать расширенное и дополненное Положение о составе Собора. Оно было отредактировано Предсоборным Советом в 1917 г. но в своей основе явилось основополагающим для формулировок Положения 1917 г., регламентирующего созыв и деятельность Поместного Собора 1917/18 гг. The article is devoted to a subject that is still full of secrets and unexpected facts. The problem of the composition of the expected Local Council was one of the main ones at the beginning of the 20th century in discussions about desirable reform in the life of the Church, the apogee of which was to be the All-Russian Holy Council. Naturally, the participants of the proposed Council were to be the best representatives of all levels. The decision on such a controversial issue was not taken suddenly. The purpose of the study is to analyze the discussions of the first pre-conciliar - Predsobornoe Prisutstvie of 1906 on the composition of the long-awaited Local Council. This study led to the conclusion that the participants of the Prisutstviya differed during the discussion of the composition of the Cathedral, for some it was presented as purely episcopal, the decisions of such a Council should only be communicated to the entire Church. Others, who were in the majority at the time under study, wrote about what a majestic event like the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church must represent all levels of society, so that the decisions taken there, are not one-sided and would address all the troubled aspects of the Church’s life. The results of the Prisutstviya work inspired the Holy Synod, with the Emperor’s signature, to publish an expanded and amended Statute on the composition of the Council, which will be edited by the Pre-Conciliar Council in 1917, but in its basis will be fundamental for the wording of the Regulation of 1917, regulating the convening and activity of the Local Council hundred years ago.

Priest Peter Ilyinsky (1871-1938): Educator, publicist, confessor

2019 ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Николай Сергеевич Черепенин
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Pastoral Ministry ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

Изучение жизненных обстоятельств священнослужителей первой половины XX в. является важной составляющей изучения истории Русской Православной Церкви. Оно позволяет детально проследить некоторые процессы и явления, происходившие в Церкви того периода, на конкретных примерах. Данная статья посвящена священнику Петру Ильинскому, около сорока лет прослужившему на сельском приходе. Его служение раскрывается в статье в хронологическом порядке: педагогическая и хозяйственная деятельность пастыря дополняется описанием его публицистических трудов и заканчивается описанием его семьи и исповеднического подвига. Данная работа служит свидетельством незаурядного пастырского служения священника Петра в переломный момент жизни нашего государства и в достаточной мере иллюстрирует историческую эпоху конца XIX - первой половины XX веков на конкретном примере. The study of the life circumstances of clergymen in the first half of the 20th century is an important part of the study of the history of the Russian Orthodox Church. It allows us to trace in detail some of the processes and phenomena that took place in the Church in that period, using concrete examples. This article is about the priest Peter Ilyinsky, who served forty years in a rural parish. His ministry is presented in chronological order: his teaching and economic activities are followed by a description of his publicist writings and ending with a description of his family and confessional deeds. This work is a testimony to the extraordinary pastoral ministry of the Priest Peter at a crucial point in the life of our nation, and illustrates the historical era of the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century with concrete examples.

scholarly journals Protocol of the Penza Diocesan Congress of the Clergy and Laity

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-180
Author(s):  
Радомир (Роман) Владимирович Булдаков
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
The Political ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Church Organization ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Local Council ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Church

В настоящей публикации представлен ранее нигде не публиковавшийся Протокол Пензенского епархиального съезда духовенства и мирян, который проходил с 25 апреля по 1 мая 1917 г. Он отражает общее настроение рядового духовенства и мирян Русской Православной Церкви начала XX в. на примере конкретной епархии. Пензенский Съезд проходил одновременно с аналогичными Съездами многих других епархиальных центров, чьи постановления получили своё развитие на Всероссийском Съезде духовенства и мирян в Москве и далее на Поместном Соборе Православной Российской Церкви 1917- 1918 гг. Вопросы, рассматриваемые участниками Пензенского Съезда, касались как общецерковных проблем, так и внутренних дел самой епархии; часть постановлений вошла в состав решений Поместного Собора. Количество вопросов, поднятых на Съезде, превышает два десятка и относится к самым разным сферам церковно-государственных и церковно-общественных отношений, а также к внутренним преобразованиям самой Церкви, одновременно олицетворяя общую тенденцию к Её обновлению и являясь следствием этих перемен. Но среди них важнейшими, по мнению делегатов Съезда, считались вопросы об отношении к происходящим в стране политическим событиям и о поэтапной реформе церковной организации, начиная с прихода и заканчивая уровнем Поместной Российской Церкви. This publication presents the previously unpublished Protocol of the Penza Diocesan Congress of the Clergy and Laity, which took place from April 25 to May 1, 1917. It reflects the general mood of ordinary clergy and laity of the Russian Orthodox Church at the beginning of the 20th century by the example of a specific diocese. The Penza Congress was held simultaneously with similar Congresses of many other diocesan centers, whose resolutions were developed at the AllRussian Congress of Clergy and Laity in Moscow and further at the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1917-1918. The issues considered by the participants of the Penza Congress concerned both general church problems and the internal affairs of the diocese itself; some of the decisions were included in the decisions of the Local Council. The number of issues raised at the Congress exceeds two dozen and relates to the most diverse spheres of church-state and church-social relations, as well as to the internal transformations of the Church itself, at the same time embodying the general tendency towards Her renewal and being a consequence of these changes. But among them the most important, in the opinion of the Congress delegates, were the questions about the attitude to the political events taking place in the country and about the gradual reform of church organization, from the parish level to the level of the Local Russian Church.

scholarly journals Preparations for 1917–18 Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church in Kostroma eparchy

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Dmitriy V. Kashin (Therapont)
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Electoral Process ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Local Council ◽  
The Church

The article deals with the events of the summer of 1917 related to the elections of members of the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church from Kostroma eparchy. Information is given about the election procedures stipulated by "Regulations on Convening the Local Council of All Russia Orthodox Church" on three levels – parish, deanery and diocesan. Basing on publications of the church press, the course of the diocesan electoral meeting in August 1917 is reconstructed: the preliminary meeting of the participants and making the list of candidates (August 8), elections of members of the Local Council and their deputies (August 9). We inform about the number of votes cast for certain candidates and the constructive and democratic nature of the electoral process. The author emphasises that negative reviews do not reflect the actual circumstances and can be explained by subjective factors. A list of members of the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church (1917-1918) from Kostroma eparchy is given.

scholarly journals Patriarch Kirill and Ukraine

2013 ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Anatolii M. Kolodnyi
Keyword(s):  
Modern Technology ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Local Council ◽  
The Church

Without some special sensations in Moscow, the Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church elected some three years ago Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad. Of the 702 delegates of the Local Council, 508 voted for him, and the entire Ukrainian delegation, which was about 27% of the voters, was considered by him. Contributed to the coming to power in the Church of this, as it is called in Moscow, "ecclesiastical tobacco-vodka billionaire" acquired authority as a second person of the ROC, support of Russian power and controversy in the camp of opponents. In the days of Patriarchal localization, Cyril managed to propyate himself in various forms and at different ends of the Moscow Church, to use television and radio for this purpose. The election campaign was conducted according to all the rules of modern technology.

scholarly journals Problems of Misionarity in the Works and Decisions of the Local Council of 1917-1918

2020 ◽  
pp. 226-242
Author(s):  
Сергей Александрович Пименов
Keyword(s):  
Past Century ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
Local Council ◽  
Church Mission ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

Поместный Собор 1917-1918 гг., имеет для истории Русской Православной Церкви огромное значение, т. к. несмотря на прошедший век, отделяющий нас от событий той эпохи, его роль не до конца осмыслена и оценена. Его наследие нуждается в серьезном и вдумчивом исследовании, а многие из идей, высказанных тогда, были бы полезны и востребованы сегодня. Одна из основных проблем, которая была поставлена на повестке заседания Поместного собора 1917-1918 гг. - это Миссионерская деятельность Церкви. Начиная с XVIII в. этот вопрос стаял в России краеугольным камнем, т. к. в церковной миссии ощущался явный упадок. Это было связано, прежде всего, с тем, что Церковная миссия не имела централизованной организации, с помощью которой бы данная деятельность носила бы не эпизодический, а регулярный характер. Целью данной статьи является подробное рассмотрение миссионерской проблематики в работах и решениях Поместного Собора 1917-1918 гг. В ходе исследования автор выделяет проблемы Православной Миссии в России в нач. XX в., проводит анализ основных документов и постановлений Собора, относящихся к данной тематике, и ставит вопрос об их жизнеспособности на сегодняшний день. The local Council of 1917-1918 is of great importance for the history of the Russian Orthodox Church. Despite the past century separating us from the events of that era, its role is not fully understood and appreciated. His legacy needs serious and thoughtful research, and many of the ideas expressed then would be useful today. One of the main problems that was put on the agenda of the meeting of the local Council of 1917-1918 is the Missionary activity of the Church. Since the XVIII century this question had bacame the cornerstone in Russia because the Church’s mission became noticeable decline. This was due to, first of all, the fact that the Church mission did not have a centralized organization, with the help of which this activity would be not episodic, but regular. The aim of this article is a detailed consideration of missionary issues in the works and decisions of the local Council of 1917-1918. In the course of the study, the author highlights the problems of the Orthodox Mission in Russia in the early XX century, analyzes the main documents and resolutions of the Council relating to this topic, and raises the question of their viability today.

scholarly journals Minister of Confessions A.V. Kartashev and confessional policy of the Provisional Government

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-885
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Local Council ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Church

The article considers the views of A. Kartashev, an outstanding theologian, Minister of Confessions of the Provisional Government, on relationship between church and state in Russia and the measures he proposed in order to reform them. What Kartashev advocated was not the complete separation of church and state, but rather such a “growing distance” between them which would give the Russian Orthodox Church independence and would allow the state to be secular rather than unilaterally confessional. During the short period when the Ministry of Religious Confessions was working, Anton Kartashev tried to be less involved into church administration, defended the interests of the religious department in the government, and supported a number of proposals from the Local Council. Kartashev began to implement the legal registration of the multi-confessional state system and consistently defended the interests of the Orthodox Church in other ministries and government departments. He gradually moved away from the doctrinal guidelines of the Provisional Government on the separation of church and state and became inclined to strengthen the influence of the church in the life of society, seeing its activities as a guarantee of the spiritual salvation of Russia. This approach did not coincide with the ideas about the role of the church in the life of society which had developed in liberal and socialist circles of that time and led to a discrepancy between the declarations of the Provisional Government and the activities it carried out in the church sphere. The article considers the reasons why Kartashev was able to pursue his line of confessional policy. The most important of these reasons was that neither the Provisional Government nor the Constitutional Democratic Party or the Socialist Revolutionary Party considered the problems of church-state relations a priority. They treated such problems in the context of general problems of the democratic transformation of Russia and attributed the right to solve them to the Constituent Assembly. It is emphasized that in the tense atmosphere of 1917 neither the Provisional Government nor the Russian Orthodox Church wanted to conflict with each other. In this situation, the compromise policy of Anton Kartashev suited both sides and softened the negative attitude of the church circles towards the activities of the Provisional Government.

Mesyatseslovs memory of the Russian Orthodox Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-198
Author(s):  
Макарий Веретенников
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Liturgical Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Heaven And Earth ◽  
The Church

Статья посвящена содержанию, общим принципам построения и характерным особенностям календаря, или месяцеслова, Русской Православной Церкви. Автор использует методы анализа и синтеза. В итоге делаются нижеследующие обобщения. Месяцеслов был принесён на Русь из Византии в достаточно завершённом виде, однако в процессе исторического развития он дополнился особенными русскими праздниками. Календарь-месяцеслов - это грандиозный собор святых, подвизавшихся в разных местах на протяжении веков, единение Церкви Небесной и земной, история святости и история нашей Церкви. Месяцесловным памятям посвящены составленные гимнографами богослужебные тексты, которые поются и читаются в храмах. Традиционно почитается день кончины угодников Божиих, память открытия мощей святых, перенесения их святых мощей или же день канонизации угодников Божиих, реже - день их рождения. Фенологические наблюдения русского народа связаны с повседневной деятельностью и увязаны с месяцесловом, что свидетельствует о его проникновении в повседневную жизнь русского человека. The article is devoted to the content, General principles of construction and characteristic features of the calendar, or mesyatseslov, of the Russian Orthodox Church. The author uses methods of analysis and synthesis. As a result, the following generalizations are made. The mesyatseslov was brought to Russia from Byzantium in a fairly complete form, but in the course of historical development it was supplemented with special Russian holidays. The calendar-mesyatseslov is a grandiose council of saints who have labored in different places over the centuries, the unity of the Church of Heaven and earth, the history of holiness and the history of our Church. Liturgical texts composed by hymnographers, which are sung and read in churches, are dedicated to the mesyatseslovs memory. Traditionally, the day of the death of saints, the memory of the discovery of the relics of saints, the transfer of their Holy relics, or the day of the canonization of saints, less often - the day of their birth are honored. Russian people’s phenological observations are related to their daily activities and are linked to mesyatseslov, which indicates its penetration into the daily life of the Russian people.

Synodal Liturgical Commission

2020 ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Сергей Забелич
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

В статье рассказывается об истории создания Синодальной Богослужебной комиссии, основных направлениях ее деятельности, задачах. На заседаниях обсуждаются вопросы и принимаются предварительные решения по сложным календарным вопросам, а также введение новых текстов в богослужебную практику Русской Православной Церкви на основе церковного Устава (Типикона) и литургической традиции Русской Церкви. The article is devoted to the history of establishing the Synodal Liturgical Commission, the main fields of its work and the essential tasks. The Commission raises a number of important liturgical questions, takes preliminary decisions on the complicated calendar issues and introduces the new texts of divine services into the worship practice of the Russian Orthodox Church following the Church statutes (Typikon) and the liturgical tradition of the Russian Church.

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