Data journalism as a New Trend of Journalism in the USA

Author(s):  
Darya Nerents
Keyword(s):  
The Usa ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago M. Martínez Arias

ABSTRACTInfographics is a new type of Journalism, a new Genre, adapted to the needs, both formal  and functional, of communications. Its layout is quite different depending on two media developments, static (printed or displayed on a screen, printed graphics) or dynamic (adaptation of digital media including multimedia possibilities, multimedia graphics). This is shown in several academic studies, the infographics widespread in media use and the profusion of infographics professionals. After a summary of the situation, we study the case of three Spanish Newspapers and two from the USA with graphics  department,  analyzing  developments  informative  infographics into  two  separate  ways,  printed  paper  or  static display on the screen, and in its evolution work in the digital environment. We have checked how the general public is still not  properly literate  to  make  a  general  consume  of  the  digital  development. This  requires a rethinking of the structure  of media companies as far as graphics and data journalism is concerned.RESUMENLa infografía periodística es un nuevo género adaptado a las necesidades, tanto formales como funcionales, de los receptores. Su presentación y resultados es distinta en función de sus dos desarrollos, estático (impreso o presentado en una pantalla) o dinámico (adaptación de las piezas informativas a los medios digitales incluyendo posibilidades multime-dia). Así lo avalan diversos estudios académicos, su utilización generalizada en los medios de comunicación y la profusión de agencias y profesionales dedicados a ello. Tras un resumen del estado de la cuestión, estudiamos el caso de tres diarios españoles y dos norteamericanos con departamento de infografía, analizando los desarrollos de infografías informativas en dos explotaciones distintas, el papel impreso o la exposición estática en pantalla frente a la evolución del mismo trabajo en el entorno digital. Comprobamos cómo el público en general todavía no está apropiadamente alfabetizado para consumir de forma total este último desarrollo digital. Ello obliga al replanteamiento de la estructura de las empresas informativas en lo que a infografía y periodismo de datos se refiere. Pero sobre todo a la adaptación de los profesionales de la información a este tipo de exposiciones.


Author(s):  
Sonia Parratt-Fernández ◽  
Javier Mayoral-Sánchez ◽  
Montse Mera-Fernández

Journalism has been able to adapt quickly to technological innovation, especially in recent years. The application of algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) to this discipline is a phenomenon that has developed rapidly in a very short time. This is therefore a research area that, in spite of its short life, deserves special interest. The objective of this review article is to map and analyze the global scientific production on this topic and to identify which countries are most focused on this issue, which areas are studied most and using which methodological approaches, how and where it is evolving, and the gaps present in this research. The review of 358 texts confirms the considerable attention from academia during the last decade, especially between 2015 and 2020, and that the USA is, by far, the country with most publications on this subject. Most of the published works are research articles carried out, above all, using qualitative methodologies. The areas that have attracted the most interest to date are data journalism, robot writing, and news verification. As is to be expected in a developing discipline, others such as the review of the role of the journalist, the personalization of content, or the incorporation of AI into teaching of journalism have not yet been sufficiently explored but surely will be in the near future. Resumen El periodismo ha demostrado adaptarse rápidamente a las irrupciones tecnológicas, especialmente en los últimos años. La aplicación de los algoritmos y la inteligencia artificial (IA) a este ámbito es un fenómeno que se está desarrollando de manera vertiginosa en muy poco tiempo, de ahí que nos encontremos ante un área de investigación académica que, aunque lleva pocos años de recorrido, resulta de especial interés. El objetivo del presente artículo de revisión es trazar un mapa global y analizar la producción científica publicada sobre este tema y detectar qué países se ocupan más de este asunto, qué áreas son más estudiadas y desde qué enfoques metodológicos, averiguar cómo y hacia dónde evoluciona y cuáles son los vacíos existentes en dicha investigación. Se confirma, tras examinar 358 textos, que la atención de la academia ha sido considerable durante la última década, especialmente entre los años 2015 y 2020, y que Estados Unidos es, con mucha diferencia, el país con más publicaciones sobre este tema. La mayor parte de los trabajos publicados son artículos de investigación que han sido realizados, sobre todo, con metodologías cualitativas. Las áreas que han despertado un mayor interés hasta el momento son el periodismo de datos, la redacción mediante robots y la verificación de noticias. Como es de esperar en una disciplina en desarrollo, existen otras –como la revisión del papel del periodista, la personalización de contenidos o la incorporación de la IA a la enseñanza del periodismo– que todavía no han sido suficientemente exploradas pero que seguramente lo serán en un futuro no muy lejano. Palabras clave Inteligencia artificial; Periodismo; Innovación; Revisión; Medios; Algoritmos; Nuevas tecnologías de la información; TIC; Teoría; Metodologías; Periodismo de datos; Periodismo robot; Verificación de noticias.


Author(s):  
Daria V. Nerents ◽  

Today, the “data journalism” in the global media space has emerged as an independent direction with its own goals, objectives, and specifics. Specialized data departments in large media are increasingly appearing, and reporters working with “Big Data” are called data journalists now. There are studies in the scientific community on the data journalism in the USA, Russia, and European countries, but only a small number of such materials are devoted to data projects in Latin America. Meanwhile the data journalism in that part of the world has been actively developing since 2012, and such publications comply with all standards of high-quality analytical material. The article is based on an analysis of the data journalism of the three countries, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico, because their projects regularly receive prestigious awards and are recognized by the international community. In particular issues of the thematic diversity of the data materials, work methodology, format features of publications are considered.


2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A16-A16 ◽  
Author(s):  
N VAKIL ◽  
S TREML ◽  
M SHAW ◽  
R KIRBY

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Senokozlieva ◽  
Oliver Fischer ◽  
Gary Bente ◽  
Nicole Krämer

Abstract. TV news are essentially cultural phenomena. Previous research suggests that the often-overlooked formal and implicit characteristics of newscasts may be systematically related to culture-specific characteristics. Investigating these characteristics by means of a frame-by-frame content analysis is identified as a particularly promising methodological approach. To examine the relationship between culture and selected formal characteristics of newscasts, we present an explorative study that compares material from the USA, the Arab world, and Germany. Results indicate that there are many significant differences, some of which are in line with expectations derived from cultural specifics. Specifically, we argue that the number of persons presented as well as the context in which they are presented can be interpreted as indicators of Individualism/Collectivism. The conclusions underline the validity of the chosen methodological approach, but also demonstrate the need for more comprehensive and theory-driven category schemes.


2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gino Casale ◽  
Robert J. Volpe ◽  
Brian Daniels ◽  
Thomas Hennemann ◽  
Amy M. Briesch ◽  
...  

Abstract. The current study examines the item and scalar equivalence of an abbreviated school-based universal screener that was cross-culturally translated and adapted from English into German. The instrument was designed to assess student behavior problems that impact classroom learning. Participants were 1,346 K-6 grade students from the US (n = 390, Mage = 9.23, 38.5% female) and Germany (n = 956, Mage = 8.04, 40.1% female). Measurement invariance was tested by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) across students from the US and Germany. Results support full scalar invariance between students from the US and Germany (df = 266, χ2 = 790.141, Δχ2 = 6.9, p < .001, CFI = 0.976, ΔCFI = 0.000, RMSEA = 0.052, ΔRMSEA = −0.003) indicating that the factor structure, the factor loadings, and the item thresholds are comparable across samples. This finding implies that a full cross-cultural comparison including latent factor means and structural coefficients between the US and the German version of the abbreviated screener is possible. Therefore, the tool can be used in German schools as well as for cross-cultural research purposes between the US and Germany.


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