Parliamentary activity under the COVID-19 emergency: the Italian experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of the practice of the functioning of the Italian Parliament in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic has made it possible to identify the legal instruments by which the representative body managed to adapt to the new conditions and ensure the implementation of parliamentary procedures without making changes to the Standing Orders of the Chambers, to consider the impact of the continuing emergency regime and lockdown on the implementation of the legislative and oversight of the executive functions of the Parliament, to show what approaches are proposed in the doctrine to solve the identified problems

scholarly journals The Impact of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy on Executive Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 097275312096875
Author(s):  
Haritha Koganti ◽  
Shasthara Paneyala ◽  
Harsha Sundaramurthy ◽  
Nemichandra SC ◽  
Rithvik S Kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Impact

Background: Idiopathic generalized epilepsy is defined as seizures with a possible hereditary predisposition without an underlying cause or structural pathology. Assessment of executive dysfunction in idiopathic generalized epilepsies based on standard Indian battery is not available in the literature. Aims and Objectives: To assess specific executive functions affected in patients with idiopathic epilepsy and their association with various variables. Materials and Methods: Type of observational cross-sectional study, where clinical profile of all idiopathic epilepsy patients attending the neurology OPD was studied and their executive higher mental functions were assessed using the NIMHANS battery. Results: A total of 75 idiopathic generalized epilepsy patients were included in the study. Executive functions that were commonly found abnormal in our study were word fluency ( P ≤ .001), category fluency ( P < .001), verbal n-back ( P < .001), Tower of London ( p < 0.01), and Stroop test ( P < 0.01). Executive functions showed a significant correlation with age at symptom onset, duration of epilepsy, and in those with uncontrolled seizures. Conclusion: Patients of idiopathic generalized epilepsy according to the present study were found to have significant executive dysfunction in multiple domains. This necessitates the screening for executive dysfunctions, which if detected should prompt the clinician to initiate cognitive retraining.

scholarly journals Investigating the impact of nicotine on executive functions using a novel virtual reality assessment

Addiction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok S. Jansari ◽  
Daniel Froggatt ◽  
Trudi Edginton ◽  
Lynne Dawkins
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
The Impact

Mindfulness and Executive Functioning in Preadolescents and Adolescents: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512515329p1-7512515329p1
Author(s):  
Rebecca Mariel Rutta ◽  
Shamta Kumar ◽  
Varada Pisharody ◽  
Kaitlyn Cecilia Irwin ◽  
Nancy Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Mindfulness Interventions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Author

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. Executive functions, including attention and regulation, are relevant to successful participation in complex occupations. A scoping review was conducted to summarize and evaluate current evidence for the impact of mindfulness on the attention and regulation skills of preadolescents and adolescents. Findings suggest early promise of mindfulness interventions in improving these skills in the target population. However, firm conclusions cannot be drawn due to low trustworthiness of the evidence. Primary Author and Speaker: Rebecca Mariel Rutta Additional Authors and Speakers: Shamta Kumar, Varada Pisharody, and Kaitlyn Cecilia Irwin Contributing Authors: Nancy Baker, Elizabeth Marfeo, and Margaret Morris

scholarly journals Preserving executive functions in nondominant frontal lobe glioma surgery: an intraoperative tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Puglisi ◽  
Tommaso Sciortino ◽  
Marco Rossi ◽  
Antonella Leonetti ◽  
Luca Fornia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Inferior Margin ◽  
Functional Integrity ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVEThe goal of surgery for gliomas is maximal tumor removal while preserving the patient’s full functional integrity. At present during frontal tumor removal, this goal is mostly achieved, although the risk of impairing the executive functions (EFs), and thus the quality of life, remains significant. The authors investigated the accuracy of an intraoperative version of the Stroop task (iST), adapted for intraoperative mapping, to detect EF-related brain sites by evaluating the impact of the iST brain mapping on preserving functional integrity following a maximal tumor resection.METHODSForty-five patients with nondominant frontal gliomas underwent awake surgery; brain mapping was used to establish the functional boundaries for the resection. In 18 patients language, praxis, and motor functions, but not EFs (control group), were mapped intraoperatively at the cortical-subcortical level. In 27 patients, in addition to language, praxis, and motor functions, EFs were mapped with the iST at the cortical-subcortical level (Stroop group). In both groups the EF performance was evaluated preoperatively, at 7 days and 3 months after surgery.RESULTSThe iST was successfully administered in all patients. Consistent interferences, such as color-word inversion/latency, were obtained by stimulating precise white matter sites below the inferior and middle frontal gyri, anterior to the insula and over the putamen, and these were used to establish the posterior functional limit of the resection. Procedures implemented with iST dramatically reduced the EF deficits at 3 months. The EOR was similar in Stroop and control groups.CONCLUSIONSBrain mapping with the iST allows identification and preservation of the frontal lobe structures involved in inhibition of automatic responses, reducing the incidence of postoperative EF deficits and enhancing the further posterior and inferior margin of tumor resection.

scholarly journals Can We Remember Future Actions yet Forget the Last Two Minutes? Study in Transient Global Amnesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 4138-4149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Hainselin ◽  
Peggy Quinette ◽  
Béatrice Desgranges ◽  
Olivier Martinaud ◽  
Didier Hannequin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
The Impact

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the abrupt onset of a massive episodic memory deficit that spares other cognitive functions. If the anterograde dimension is known to be impaired in TGA, researchers have yet to investigate prospective memory (PM)—which involves remembering to perform an intended action at some point in the future—in this syndrome. Furthermore, as executive functions are thought to be spared in this syndrome, TGA provides an opportunity to examine the impact of a massive “pure” memory impairment on PM. We assessed 38 patients with a newly designed protocol that distinguished between the prospective (remembering to do something at the appropriate time) and retrospective (remembering what has to be done) components of PM. Moreover, we investigated episodic memory with an anterograde memory task and assessed executive functions, anxiety and mood, as well as their links with PM. We demonstrated that PM is impaired during TGA, with a greater deficit for the retrospective component than for the prospective component. Furthermore, we highlighted a strong link between these two components. Anterograde episodic memory impairments were correlated with retrospective component deficits in TGA patients, although we were able to confirm that executive functions are globally spared. We discuss this pattern of results within the theoretical framework of PM, putting forward new arguments in favor of the idea that PM deficits can occur mainly because of a massive anterograde memory deficit. The clinical consequences of PM impairment in TGA are examined.

Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Idiopathic Myelofibrosis: The Italian Experience.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3008-3008
Author(s):  
Francesca F. Patriarca ◽  
Alessandra A. Sperotto ◽  
Barbara B. Bruno ◽  
Andrea A. Bacigalupo ◽  
Alberto A. Bosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Idiopathic Myelofibrosis ◽  
Myeloablative Conditioning ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment for idiopathic myelofibrosis (IM), but it is associated with a high transplantation-related (TRM) mortality rate, especially in advanced and elderly patients. Recently, reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens were reported to be feasible in these subgroups of patients. Herein, we reported a preliminary analysis of the data of the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Midollo Osseo (G.I.T.M.O.) Registry regarding a total of 92 patients with IM, who underwent allogeneic HSCT in 25 different Italian Transplant Centres between 1986 and 2005. One Centre performed 26 transplants, 4 Institutions performed between 6 and 10 transplants and the other 20 Centres realized five or less procedures. Ten transplants (11 %) were performed before 1995, 26 (28%) between 1996 and 2000 and 56 (61%) between 2001 and 2005. Sixty patients (65%) were male and median age was 49 years ( range 21–68). Thirty-nine patients (42%) were older than 50 and 8 older than 60 years. Forty-four (48%) received myeloablative conditioning and 48 (52%) a RIC regimen. Myeloablative conditioning was based on cyclophosphamide plus thiotepa ( 42% of the patients) or busulfan (37%) or total body irradiation at the dose of 10–12 Gy (21%). RIC transplants consisted of a combination of fludarabine and 2 Gy TBI (44%) or cyclophosphamide (4%) or busulphan (4%) or an association of thiotepa and cyclophospamide (48%). GVHD prophylaxis included cyclosporin-A and short-course methotrexate, with the association of ATG in 11 patients. Stem cells came from matched sibling donors for 70 patients (76%), missmatched sibling donors for 10 patients (11%) and from matched unrelated donors for the remaining 12 patients (13%). Forty-nine patients (53%) received BM cells and the other 53 cases (47%) PBSC. Seventy-eight out 92 (85%) achieved full engrafment. One-year TRM was 35%. Causes of TRM were as following: GVHD (33% of the patients), infections (36%), bleeding (12%), veno-occlusive disease (3%), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (6%). We observed a trend of higher TRM rate in patients transplanted before 2000 in comparison with those transplanted later (48% vs 33%). However, other potential risk factors for TRM, such as patient age > 50 years, conventional conditioning and unrelated or mismatched donors did not significantly increase TRM rate. There are 43 patients (47%) alive 12 to 156 months after transplantation ( median, 35 months). We conclude that, albeit TRM rate has been lowered in transplants performed in the last 5 years, it still involves one-third of the patients and remains a matter of concern. The ongoing analysis will focus on the impact of the clinical and biological factors at transplant on the outcome of the patient population.

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