scholarly journals Maximum humus horizon thickness as a criterion for identifying the soil standards of the plain Сrimea

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
E. I. Ergina ◽  
R. V. Gorbunov ◽  
E. F. Stashkina
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Full Profile ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Methodological Difficulties ◽  
Zonal Soil

When identifying the main categories of soil in the structure of the regional Red Book of soils, it is necessary to focus on typical soils formed taking into account the zonal soil-ecological conditions of the territory. The criterion for the extraction of soil standards can be the initial, pre-agrogenic thickness of the humus horizon, which fully realizes the soil-forming potential of natural factors of climax full-profile soils. But the search for such sites is associated with a number of methodological difficulties. A way out of this situation can be a mathematical modeling of the formation of the humus horizon of soils, which allows you to quantify the legitimacy of the allocation of soil standards in the structure of the Red Book of soils of the Crimea. The proposed method allows going to the cartographic models for determining the maximum thickness of the humus horizon. Analysis of the presented material allows asserting that in the majority of modern soils of agricultural lands of the Crimea, the profiles are destroyed by 30% compared with the calculated maximum thickness of the humus horizon, which takes into account the zonal soil formation processes. That predetermines the search for soil standards only in areas that did not function previously in agrogenic conditions, most often, these are protected areas that take into account the peculiarities of the zonal process of soil formation.

scholarly journals MICROMORPHOLOGY AND PEDOGENESIS OF MOUNTAINOUS INCEPTISOLS IN THE MANTIQUEIRA RANGE (MG)

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Campos Pinto ◽  
Yuri Lopes Zinn ◽  
Carlos Rogério de Mello ◽  
Phillip Ray Owens ◽  
Lloyd Darrell Norton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Mineral Alteration ◽  
Quartz Grains

ABSTRACTUnderstanding soil formation processes across different landscapes is needed to predict how soil properties will respond to land use change. This study aimed to characterize mountainous Inceptisols (Cambisols) under high altitude subtropical climate in southeastern Brazil, by soil physical, chemical and micromorphological analyses, under native forest and pasture. The soil under pasture had a greater bulk density than under forest, resulting in a severe reduction of macroporosity. At two depths, coarse quartz grains are angular, suggesting absence of transportational processes, thus confirming an autochthonous pedogenesis from the underlying gneissic rock. Most feldspars were weathered beyond recognition, but mineral alteration was commonly seen across cleavage plans and edges of micas. The micromorphological results suggest an intermediate stage of mineral weathering and soil development, which is in accordance with properties expected to be found in Inceptisols.

scholarly journals Estimates of Soil Renewal Rates: Applications for Anti-Erosion Arrangement of the Agricultural Landscape

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedor Lisetskii
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
History Of ◽  
T Values ◽  
Over Time

Engineering and geographic substantiation of the anti-erosion organization of agricultural landscapes requires not only differentiated estimations of erosion losses, but also commensurate (in terms of space–time scales) estimations of the soil loss tolerance. The main approaches for determining the participation of estimations of soil formation in the substantiation of erosion tolerance have been defined. This study is aimed at justifying the methods of incorporating the results of pedogenesis modeling into computational methods for organizing agricultural landscapes. This paper presents the results of a study of the process of formation of the humus horizon and the accumulation of organic carbon in soils, based on soils from archaeological sites in the Crimean Peninsula over a period from 25 to 2000 years ago, with differences in climate and parent rock, in a region with a thousand-year history of human activity. The patterns of variation in the thickness of the humus horizons over time and the accumulation of carbon were determined, and estimates for the rate of the pedogenesis were obtained. In connection with the slowing of the rate of pedogenesis over time, the chronofunction of the change in the thickness of soils (of both exponential and logistic types) may be applied and, on this basis, it is possible to calculate the rates of the formation of the humus horizon depending on the morphological status of the soils. During re-naturation of highly degraded soils, maximum renewal rates may take place only with a very high input of organic matter, which is crucial to take into account in the development and implementation of programs for the rehabilitation of degraded lands. Under the conditions of slope agriculture, the rationale for T-values should be linked to many factors of the input and consumption of organic carbon, which provides a logical mathematical model of the formation of soil quality. For soil quality management on agricultural lands, a formula for calculating T-values, using an equation where the rate of pedogenesis is associated with a variety of changes in soil organic carbon, is proposed in this article.

scholarly journals Dynamics of succession processes on sulphide-containing mine dumps as a result of their optimization

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Plugatar ◽  
V. V. Korzhenevsky ◽  
N. E. Opanasenko ◽  
M. L. Novitsky
Keyword(s):  
Primary Succession ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Mine Dumps ◽  
Species Composition Of Vegetation ◽  
Progressive Succession ◽  
Succession Processes ◽  
Mine Dump ◽  
Over Time

When optimizing the relief at the top of the trapezoidal sulfide-containing mine dump, young soil (embryozem) was formed as a result of abio- and biotic factors. In parallel with the formation of embryozems, primary succession processes are developing. As a result, the species composition of vegetation, the staging and intensity of progressive succession were studied depending on the mesorelief of dumps in accordance with the weathering and soil formation processes developing over time. The properties and indicators of young soil in depressions and sulfide rock (control) 25 years after the completion of the dumping of the rock pile were studied. As a result of optimization at the top of the dump, the processes of formation of embryozems in the depressions are significantly accelerated.

scholarly journals Past and Future Earth: Archaeology and Soil Studies on Ambergris Caye, Belize

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Graham ◽  
Richard I. Macphail ◽  
John Crowther ◽  
Simon Turner ◽  
Julia Stegemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Amazonian Dark Earths ◽  
Anthropogenic Deposits ◽  
Ambergris Caye ◽  
Coral Islands

Marco Gonzalez is one of a number of Maya sites on Belize’s coast and cayes (coral islands) that exhibit anomalous vegetation and dark-coloured soils. Like Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs), the soils are sought locally for cultivation and are underlain by anthropogenic deposits. Our research is aimed at assessing the role of the anthropogenic deposits in soil formation processes with a view to developing strategies to quantify the long-term environmental impact of human activities today.

scholarly journals PROPERTIES AND ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF SOILS OF THE DENDROLOGICAL TERRITORY OF THE SIBERIAN BOTANICAL GARDEN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Z. Spirina ◽  
◽  
L.V. Khotskova ◽  
E.A. Zharikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Element Composition ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Profile Distribution

The properties, content and profile distribution of macroelements in the soils of the dendrological territory of the Siberian Botanical Garden were studied. The nature of the distribution of chemical elements in soil profiles is revealed depending on the intensity of sod, podzolic and glue soil formation processes.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of Dynamics of the Number of Specimens in a Biological Population Under Changing External Conditions on the Example of the Burzyan Wild-Hive Honeybee (Apismellifera L., 1758)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-236
Author(s):  
Л.С. Ибрагимова ◽  
L.S. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Biological Population ◽  
Ricker Model ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Modeling Of Dynamics ◽  
Periodic Changes

The usage of a non-autonomous discrete model (Ricker model) for describing the dynamics of a biological population is considered. It is shown that in case of periodic changes in parameters, the model can be reduced into equivalent autonomous system. The problems of determining the model parameters in a situation where these parameters depend on time are discussed. As an application, the problem of mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the number of families of the natural population of the Burzyan wild-hive honeybee living on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan is considered. The results convincingly demonstrate the fact that the dynamics of the Burzyan Wild-Hive Honeybee is significantly influenced by a combination of natural factors. For example the sum of the precipitation in February is particularly significant here (in particular, the increase in precipitation affects the number of bees negatively) and the temperature values in March, April and June.

scholarly journals Transformation of land resources as a result of anthropogenic impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 06002
Author(s):  
Elena Sivak ◽  
Svetlana Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Soil Processes ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Microbiological Processes ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
One Year

The article examined temporary matrices of transformation of soil processes related to the activity of microorganisms and humus in comparison with maternal matrices depending on age characteristics of man. The resulting match in value and productivity, from one year to 15 years, from 15 years to 40 years, from 40 years to 65 years, led to the idea of comparing human growth with soil zonal; Weights with indicators of activity of microbiological soil processes; Intelligence with active humus; Age with dynamics of development of temporary matrices on humus and microbiological activity. The dynamics of transformation of organic substances of upper soil horizons under the influence of agricultural use according to the general humus, taking into account their genesis, covers the period from 15 to 46 years; And on microbiological processes from 3 to 66 years. The conclusion is that the identification of human development with the development of soil-formation processes depending on their genesis brings us closer to a true understanding of our appearance, as a species possessing the power that can change the surrounding world through the noosphere in accordance with certain standards of transmutation.

Ukrainian Agronomic Soil Science: Textbook. In 2 parts; editor M.I. Polupan. Part 1: Historical stages of development. Soil formation factors. Regularities of soil formation on an ecological-genetic parametric systemic basis, their agronomic properties, and fertility

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Polupan ◽  
V. Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genetic Status ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Soil Formation Factors ◽  
Zonal Soil

The textbook is devoted to the soil resources of Ukraine, as an indispensable natural and economic potential for use in agricultural production to meet the needs of society with food products. Their great diversity is shown due to the component composition regarding the zonation of the ecological and genetic status of soils. The soil resources are shown to have a functionally systematic relationship between ecological conditions of formation, agronomic properties, and their productive capacity. Due to a large amount of information, the textbook is conventionally divided into two parts. The first part presents the historical stages of the formation of agro-soil science as fundamental science, parametric systematic development of zonal soil formation and formation of soil properties depending on their genetic nature, the quantitative functional relationship between modes and processes of soil formation, its types, fertility of soils as their anthropogenic biological property, factors of formation, its kinds, methods of determination and parameters of productive capacity of basic agricultural crops. The textbook "Ukrainian Agronomic Soil Science" presents basic information about soil resources of Ukraine in the aspect of agronomic orientation regarding their zonally determined ecological-genetic status of soils, their properties, productive capacity, protection, increase of fertility, and intelligent use. It is recommended for the preparation of bachelors in agronomic higher education institutions of II–IV levels of accreditation in the field of «Agronomy», as well as for biological, geographical and other higher educational establishments, graduate students and a wide range of specialists related to the land cadastre of Ukraine, fertility assessment rational use of soils.

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