scholarly journals Debates about the Polish eastern border after World War II in the Polish immigrant circle

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Tetiana Yelova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Editorial Staff ◽  
World War ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Post War

The new geopolitical realities after the World War II saw the revival of the Polish state in a new form. The Republic of Poland appeared on the map of Central Europe, with about half of its territory being the so-called Recovered Territories, while the state borders moved west. The new eastern border of the post-war Poland ran along the Curzon line. The new post-war eastern border of Poland was being negotiated and agreed upon by the Soviet and the Polish authorities starting from 1944 on an annual basis, up to 1948. The last exchange of territories took place in 1951. The debates about the political map of Europe and the new eastern border of Poland, which became a new reality after the World War II, were held both at politicians’ offices and in various media outlets. The most prominent debate about the new Polish eastern border could be found on the pages of the Kultura immigrant periodical. The Polish immigrant public intellectuals Jerzy Giedroyc, Juliusz Mieroszewski, Josef Czapski and other members of the Kultura periodical editorial board were adamant about the need to recognize the Polish borders drawn after the World War II. Such a stance was unacceptable for the Polish Governmentin-Exile based in London and some immigrant circles in the USA. Starting from 1952, the Kultura editorial staff is consistent in its efforts to defend the principle of inviolability of borders drawn after the World War II, urging the Poles to give up on the so-called Polish Kresy (Kresy Wschodnie) and to reconcile with the neighbours on the other side of the new eastern border.

scholarly journals W kręgu badań nad dziejami emigracyjnego parlamentaryzmu Recenzja publikacji: Depozyt Niepodległości. Rada Narodowa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie (1939–1991), red. Zbigniew Girzyński, Paweł Ziętara

2020 ◽  
Vol 5(160) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Paweł Gotowiecki
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Council ◽  
World War ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Post War

The reviewed publication contains post-conference materials, presented during the conference held in 2016 in Warsaw, entitled “The Deposit of Independence. National Council of the Republic of Poland in Exile (1939–1991)”. The volume consists of 18 articles, published in chronological and topical order, devoted to the selected issues of the history of the Polish parliamentarianism in exile during World War II and in the post-war period. The authors of the articles discussed various aspects of the activities of the National Council of the Republic of Poland in Exile, such as the participation of national minorities in the work of the quasi-parliament, biographies of the chosen parliamentarians, or the selected elements of “parliamentary practices”. This publication is not a synthesis but it supplements and develops the current state of research on the activities of the Polish quasi-parliamentary institutions in exile.

scholarly journals Polish books production in exile in the years 19391950: statistical and geographical perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 273-289
Author(s):  
Oskar Stanisław Czarnik
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
World War ◽  
Polish People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Post War

The subject of this article is an overview of Polish publishing in the exile during the World War II and first post-war years. The literary activity was mostly linked to the cultural tradition of the Second Polish Republic. The author describes this phenomenon quantitatively and presents the number of books published in the respective years. He also tries to explain which external factors, not only political and military, but also financial and organizational, affected publications of Polish books around the world. The subject of the debate is also geography of the Polish publishing. It is connected with a long term migration of different groups of people living in exile. The author not only points out the areas where Polish editorial activity was just temporary, but also the areas where it was long-lasting. The book output was a great assistance to Polish people living in diasporas, as well as to readers living in Poland. The following text is an excerpt of the book which is currently being prepared by the author. The book is devoted to the history of Polish publishing in exile.

scholarly journals SYSTEM CONFRONTATION OF THE GLOBAL POLES OF POWER AND FACTOR OF RE-ACTION OF HISTORICAL RESULTS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR

2016 ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
I. Khyzhnyak
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
General Structure ◽  
World Order ◽  
World War ◽  
Systemic Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Wealth Of Nations ◽  
The One ◽  
Global World

The publication contains the present day consideration of the new global world order general structure came up after well-known developments of the Dignity Revolution in Ukraine. There has been also revealed the controversial essence of the new phase of the international standoff between the systemic composing segment of the Transatlantic origin (EC states, the USA, British Common-wealth of Nations) and Ukraine in addition on the one hand, and Russia – on the other. It clearly shows the Russia’s policy of expansion: annexation of Crimea and unleashing war in Donbas region as well as to become one of the key centers of the world global poles of the superpowers arrangement. The degree of systemic impact on the present day historical  background’s  developments  as factors of reversely acted effect of overall  outcome after the World War II has been analyzed as well.

scholarly journals Creative heritage of Lev Alperovich (1874–1913): from realism toward symbolism

Menotyra ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Usova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
General Public ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Art Nouveau ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Artistic Heritage

The article presents Lev Alperovich, a little-known to general public Belarusian painter of the beginning of the 20th century, who was Ivan Trutnev’s student in Vilnius Drawing School and a student of Ilya Repin in the Emperor’s Arts Academy in St. Petersburg. The works of Lev Alperovich that survived after the World War II are kept in the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus. The analysis of the painter’s biography and creative heritage reveals a new vector which was gradually emerging in Minsk at the beginning of the 20th century, i.e remoteness from the academic late “peredvizhniki” realism and the ambition to find a niche in the evolving Russian modern style or the European Art Nouveau style and symbolism. Relatively sparse artistic heritage of Alperovich – single and group portraits, genrepainting, everyday life scenes and staffage landscapes – allows the author to single out this painter as a Belarusian painting phenomenon of the 20th century.

scholarly journals CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN THE MILIEU OF UKRAINIAN POST-WAR EMIGRATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE UKRAINIAN ART MOVEMENT (1945–1948)

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Serhiy Denysiuk
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
World War ◽  
Monetary Reform ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Purpose ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Higher Purpose

The history of Ukraine has got many examples of how different personalities were able to unite and direct their efforts in meaningful way for higher purpose. One of such interesting pages is an activity of Ukrainian Art movement (UAM) –unification of Ukrainian writers in emigration, who after the end of World War II turned up in camps for displaced persons in Germany and Austria. The leadership of union helped to create such climate in the organization that would maximize imaginative work and minimize confrontational points among its members. The peculiar quality check of the organization and its ability to withstand the devastating tendencies was a debate in UAM about relevant problems of searching for ways of development Ukrainian culture in emigration conditions. Its starting point was Y. Shevelov`s report «The styles of contemporary Ukrainian literature in emigration» (1945), which he pronounced at the First congress of organization. The reviewer proclaimed the mission of new organization - to create a nationwide and a sub-region writing, which can reach worldwide recognition. The main direction of its development Y. Shevelov determined the creation of deeply peculiar Ukrainian literary style. The idea of national-organic style has caused mixed reactions and criticism in the Ukrainian emigration environment. The national-organic style does not anticipate a forced imposition on his writers. This style does not mean an isolation of narrow national limits and departure from European influences and traditions. It includes only blind copying borrowed samples. Supplemented the concept of Y. Shevelov with his ideas such persons as I. Bagryany, Y. Kosach, I.Kosteckii and other representatives of UAM`s, who defended national origin in literature. The most irreconcilable opponent of Y. Shevelov and his theory of national-organic style became a literary scholar, critic, translator V. Derzhavin. There were several reasons for the conflict between these creative personalities among which, in particular, differences between generations, to which they belong. In the modern scientific literature one can come across for approval that a deepening conflict between Y. Shevelov and V. Derzhavin led to the split and termination of the organization activity. Such an estimate is untrue, because the real reason for the termination of the organization was hold at the 1948 a monetary reform in Germany and mass departure of Ukrainian emigrants from displaced persons camps to the other countries of the world. Well, conflicts, which took place in the history of Ukrainian Art Movement, did not lead to the division of the organization into hostile camps, as its members were united by the common purpose of creating new Ukrainian literature, that would take a worthy place in the world culture.

Gar ned krank is a ned g’sund

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (25) ◽  
pp. 1826-1831
Author(s):  
Wilfried Müller ◽  
Klaus Mann
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
70Th Anniversary ◽  
World War ◽  
Human Vulnerability ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
One Year

AbstractThis article is written in remembrance of Karl Valentin’s 70th anniversary of his death. He was a comedian and song writer suffering from vegetative dystonia and depression lifelong. This hypochondriac developed extreme self observation and had anxiety to get ill permanently. As one year old, his brother died of diphteria and he was close to death himself. After jumping in an ice cold river in Munich as a young man he caught a pneumonia. From that day he had a undefined long lasting lung disease. His performances and pieces of literature in Bavarian dialect are characterized by critical thoughts about the world in general and human vulnerability including his own in a philosophical way. His sarcastic view of the world, which was rarely pleasant for the counterpart still induced admiration of many audiences and was satisfying for Karl Valentin’s egocentrism. He has been the most famous Bavarian comedian during world war II and during the early days of the Republic of Germany.

Conclusion

2014 ◽  
pp. 123-125
Author(s):  
Gerard L. Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
World War ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
War Criminals ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War

The ‘Conclusion’ shows how the world was changed forever by World War II, during which around sixty million people had been killed, the majority of them civilians. There were huge losses in the Soviet Union and China, but the country most damaged was Poland. Massive destruction and economic dislocation characterized much of Europe, East Asia, Southeast Asia, and portions of North Africa. The war and its ending also brought about enormous population movements. Countries faced massive reconstruction, the defeated had reparations to pay, and war criminals had to be dealt with. The war also provided new developments in technology and medicine, which transformed post-war life.

From Scotia to ‘Operation Tabarin’: developing British policy for Antarctica

Polar Record ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Dudeney ◽  
David W.H. Walton
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
British Policy ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Second World

ABSTRACTThe roots of a British Antarctic policy can be traced, paradoxically, back to the establishment of a meteorological station by the Scottish Antarctic Expedition in the South Orkneys, in 1903, and the indifference of the British Government to its almost immediate transfer to the Argentine Government. It was from that modest physical presence upon Laurie Island that Argentina came increasingly to challenge British claims to the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands Dependencies (FID), first in the late 1920s and then more extensively in the second world war. This challenge shaped British policy for the next forty years, with further complications caused by overlapping territorial claims made by Chile and the possible territorial ambitions of the USA. Britain's eventual response, at the height of World War II, was to establish permanent occupation of Antarctica from the southern summer of 1943–1944. This occupation was given the military codename Operation Tabarin. However, it was never a military operation as such, although monitoring the activities of enemy surface raiders and submarines provided a convenient cover story, as did scientific research once the operation became public. Whilst successive parties, rich in professional scientists, considerably expanded the pre-war survey and research of the Discovery Investigations Committee, their physical occupancy of the Antarctic islands and Peninsula was essentially a political statement, whereby the Admiralty and Colonial Office (CO) strove to protect British territorial rights, whilst the Foreign Office (FO) endeavoured to minimise disruption to Britain's long-standing economic and cultural ties with Argentina, and most critically, the shipment of war-time meat supplies. In meeting that immediate need, Tabarin also provided the basis from which Britain's subsequent post-war leadership in Antarctic affairs developed.

scholarly journals Casualties of the World War II metaphor: women’s reproductive health fighting for narrative inclusion in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. medhum-2021-012152
Author(s):  
Yuki Bailey ◽  
Megha Shankar ◽  
Patrick Phillips
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Women’S Reproductive Health ◽  
War Metaphor ◽  
Women's Reproductive Health ◽  
Specific Health

While the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, politicians and media outlets in the USA have compared the pandemic with World War II (WWII). Though women’s reproductive health has been affected by both COVID-19 and WWII, these specific health needs are not included in either event’s mainstream narrative. This article explores the pandemic’s war metaphor through the lens of women’s reproductive health, arguing for a reframing of the metaphor. Narrative-building determines how health needs are perceived and addressed. A modification of the WWII metaphor can ensure that the narrative formulating around COVID-19 is inclusive of the women’s reproductive health needs that are eminently present.

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