scholarly journals Structure Of The Energy Balance In The Ice Sheet-Atmosphere System As An Index Of Antarctic Glaciation (Abstract only)

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 343-343
Author(s):  
V. G. Aver'yanov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Budget ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Atmosphere System ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

Various methods have been used to estimate mean multi-year values of moisture, radiation, and heat exchange in the Antarctic ice sheet/atmosphere system. The major components of the balance have been determined as absolute and relative values. The net advection of moisture is taken as 100%, of which 83% is deposited as accumulation on the ice sheet, and the residue in the atmosphere is 15%; loss from the icesheet surface is 2%. In the radiation balance, input at the top of the atmosphere is 57%, absorption in the atmosphere is 43%, loss due to reflected shortwave radiation is 35%, and long-wave radiation from the atmosphere is 78%, while net outgoing long-wave radiation from the surface is 9%. The heat-budget components are: The Antarctic ice sheet is a vast heat sink. Constant negative surface-radiation balance and low temperature of the ice sheet suggests that it will survive with even small amounts of precipitation. Thus the contemporary glaciation of Antarctica is rather stable.

scholarly journals Structure Of The Energy Balance In The Ice Sheet-Atmosphere System As An Index Of Antarctic Glaciation (Abstract only)

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
V. G. Aver'yanov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Budget ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Atmosphere System ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

Various methods have been used to estimate mean multi-year values of moisture, radiation, and heat exchange in the Antarctic ice sheet/atmosphere system. The major components of the balance have been determined as absolute and relative values. The net advection of moisture is taken as 100%, of which 83% is deposited as accumulation on the ice sheet, and the residue in the atmosphere is 15%; loss from the icesheet surface is 2%. In the radiation balance, input at the top of the atmosphere is 57%, absorption in the atmosphere is 43%, loss due to reflected shortwave radiation is 35%, and long-wave radiation from the atmosphere is 78%, while net outgoing long-wave radiation from the surface is 9%. The heat-budget components are: The Antarctic ice sheet is a vast heat sink. Constant negative surface-radiation balance and low temperature of the ice sheet suggests that it will survive with even small amounts of precipitation. Thus the contemporary glaciation of Antarctica is rather stable.

scholarly journals The Energy-Balance Structure of the Antarctic Ice Sheet/Atmosphere System as an Index of Antarctic Glaciation

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (102) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
V. G. Aver’yanov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Short Wave Radiation ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

Abstract Mean multi-year values of the components of external mass and energy exchange in the ice sheet, moisture, radiation, and heat balances in the system Antarctic ice sheet/atmosphere have been estimated by various methods. The major features of the above-mentioned balances have been determined as absolute and relative values. For the moisture balance, income of advective moisture is equal to 100%; loss due to accumulation of moisture in the ice sheet is 83%, due to sink into the atmosphere is 15%, and sink from the ice sheet surface is 2%. As for the radiation balance it has been found that income due to radiation at the top of the atmosphere and absorbed by the atmosphere long-wave radiation are 57% and 43%, respectively; loss due to reflected short-wave radiation is 35%, atmospheric long-wave radiation is 78%, and net outgoing radiation from the surface is 9%. Heat budget components have been found as follows: income due to absorbed short-wave radiation is 49%, advection of heat is 40%, and latent heat from phase transition of advective moisture is 11%; loss due to outgoing long-wave radiation is 98%, heat from phase transition of atmospheric moisture is 2%. The Antarctic ice sheet is a vast area of heat sink. Constant negative surface radiation balance and low temperature of the ice sheet suggest that the latter will exist at any small amount of precipitation and, therefore, current glaciation of Antarctica is rather stable.

scholarly journals The Energy-Balance Structure of the Antarctic Ice Sheet/Atmosphere System as an Index of Antarctic Glaciation

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (102) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
V. G. Aver’yanov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Short Wave Radiation ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

AbstractMean multi-year values of the components of external mass and energy exchange in the ice sheet, moisture, radiation, and heat balances in the system Antarctic ice sheet/atmosphere have been estimated by various methods.The major features of the above-mentioned balances have been determined as absolute and relative values. For the moisture balance, income of advective moisture is equal to 100%; loss due to accumulation of moisture in the ice sheet is 83%, due to sink into the atmosphere is 15%, and sink from the ice sheet surface is 2%. As for the radiation balance it has been found that income due to radiation at the top of the atmosphere and absorbed by the atmosphere long-wave radiation are 57% and 43%, respectively; loss due to reflected short-wave radiation is 35%, atmospheric long-wave radiation is 78%, and net outgoing radiation from the surface is 9%. Heat budget components have been found as follows: income due to absorbed short-wave radiation is 49%, advection of heat is 40%, and latent heat from phase transition of advective moisture is 11%; loss due to outgoing long-wave radiation is 98%, heat from phase transition of atmospheric moisture is 2%.The Antarctic ice sheet is a vast area of heat sink. Constant negative surface radiation balance and low temperature of the ice sheet suggest that the latter will exist at any small amount of precipitation and, therefore, current glaciation of Antarctica is rather stable.

scholarly journals Influência da radiação de onda longa incidente no fechamento do balanço de radiação no modelo SIB2: Estimativas para pastagem no bioma Pampa

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Daniele Morgenstern Aimi ◽  
Maria Eduarda Oliveira ◽  
Tamíres Zimmer ◽  
Gisele Cristina Rubert ◽  
Vanessa De Arruda Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Estimation Equations ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Energy Gains ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

The balance of radiation represents the energy gains and losses on the surface, and can be estimated by summing the four components of surface radiation (incident and reflected solar radiation, radiation emitted by the surface and emitted by the atmosphere). The SiB2 model represents ecosystems and provides estimates of surface energy changes. In this work, five different incident long wave estimation equations were tested to verify the influence of this component on the closure of the radiation balance for the SiB2 model. The results show the underestimation of the radiation balance of the SiB2 model when compared to the experimental data. Thus, it is inferred the need for calibration of incident long-wave radiation equations for use in models for local simulations.

scholarly journals The Influence of Cloudiness on The Net Radiation Balance of A Snow Surface with High Albedo

1974 ◽  
Vol 13 (67) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ambach
Keyword(s):  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Energy Excess ◽  
Overcast Sky ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

The short-wave and long-wave radiant fluxes measured in the accumulation area of the Greenland ice sheet during a mid-summer period are discussed with respect to their dependence on cloudiness. At a cloudiness of 10/10, a mean value of 270 J/cm2 d is obtained for the daily totals of net radiation balance, whereas a mean value of only 75 J/cm2 d is observed at 0/10. The energy excess of the net radiation balance with overcast sky is due to the significant influence of the incoming long-wave radiation and the high albedo of the surface (average of 84%). High values of net radiation balance are therefore correlated with high values of long-wave radiation balance and low values of short-wave radiation balance.

Cloud effects on surface radiation balance at Helheim and Jakobshavn Glaciers (Greenland) using ground-based observations 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Djoumna ◽  
Sebastian H. Mernild ◽  
David Holland
Keyword(s):  
Short Wave ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Short Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiative Fluxes ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Transmittance Factor ◽  
Cloud Metrics

<p>The surface radiation budget is an essential component of the total energy exchange between the atmosphere and the Earth’s surface. Measurements of radiative fluxes near/on ice surfaces are sparse in the polar regions, including on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), and the effects of cloud on radiative fluxes are still poorly studied. In this work, we assess the impacts of cloud on radiative fluxes using two metrics: the longwave-equivalent cloudiness, derived from long-wave radiation measurements, and the cloud transmittance factor, obtained from short-wave radiation. The metrics are applied to radiation data from two automatic weather stations located over the bare ground near the ice front of Helheim (HG) and Jakobshavn Isbræ (JI) on the GrIS. Comparisons of meteorological parameters, surface radiation fluxes, and cloud metrics show significant differences between the two sites. The cloud transmittance factor is higher at HG than at JI, and the incoming short-wave radiation in the summer at HG is 50.0 W m−2 larger than at JI. Cloud metrics derived at the two sites reveal   a high dependency on the wind direction. The total cloud radiative effect (CREnet) generally increases during melt season at the two stations due to long-wave CRE enhancement by cloud fraction.  CREnet decreases from May to June and increases afterward, due to the strengthened short-wave CRE. The annually averaged CREnet were 3.0 ± 7.4 W m-2 and 1.9 ± 15.1 W m−2 at JI and HG.  CREnet estimated from AWS indicates that clouds cool the JI and HG during melt season at different rates.</p>

The radiation balance of an apple tree

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1731-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. A. Proctor ◽  
W. J. Kyle ◽  
J. A. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Short Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiative Processes ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

Measurements of radiation balance components over an apple tree on 7 days during the growing season showed that 17% of the short-wave radiation was reflected, 17% was lost as long-wave radiation and net radiation amounted to 66%. The reflection coefficient exhibited a characteristic diurnal variation, demonstrating its dependence on solar zenith angle, and varied little over the season. Within the orchard, surfaces ranked in order of increasing reflection coefficient as tree, dry orchard grass, and intertree space.Correlation coefficients relating hourly values of net radiation to incoming short-wave radiation and net short-wave radiation, and net long-wave radiation to net short-wave radiation were highly significant. The heating coefficient was positive and decreased slightly at the end of the season. The long-wave exchange coefficient was negative and exhibited no seasonal trend. This coefficient was closely correlated with screen temperature and may provide a basis for interpretation of surface radiative processes.

scholarly journals Long-wave radiation balances of the south-west Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Bryś ◽  
Tadeusz Bryś ◽  
Arkadiusz Głogowski
Keyword(s):  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Long Wave Radiation

The paper goal is to show trends of seasonal and year to year variability of long-wave radiation balances of the active surface in SW Poland, taking into account the standard meteorological data from 1971–2000 for Jelenia Góra, Kłodzko, Legnica, Leszno, Opole, Wrocław and Mt. Śnieżka. The average monthly values of these balances were calculated using the selected two variants of the Brunt’s formula (standard and modified by Michałowska-Smak). In the researched 30-year courses prevail positive trends but with different statistical significance. The analysed trends of the average annual values have been compared with appropriate trends of air temperature, sunshine duration and cloudiness to understand the regional relations of the long-wave radiation balance to these parameters of the climatic variability. These analyses are essential part of wider research fields on long-term variability and trends of net radiation fluxes and their components on different active surfaces in Lower Silesia.

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