scholarly journals Effect of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on the vegetative growth of pear variety Triunfo de Viena (Pyrus communis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Enrique Vélez-Sánchez ◽  
María Jaqueline Molina-Ochoa ◽  
Pedro Rodríguez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pyrus Communis L

One of the consequences of a water deficit in the vegetative growth is the modification of the plant vigor, which determines the extent and the rate of growth and lengthening in shoots, which, in this phase, is more important than fruit growth, which is very slow in terms of dry mass accumulation. The objective of this research was to determine the effect on the vegetative growth of the pear variety Triunfo de Viena (Pyrus communis L) of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), which was compared with a control irrigated at 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The irrigation treatments consisted of the application of watering regimes of 74 and 48% ETc in treatment T2 and 60 and 27% ETc in treatment T3 in 2014 and 2015, respectively, during the period of rapid fruit growth with the same watering regime used in T1 (control) applied during the rest of the season. The irrigation reduction used in T2 and T3 represented water savings of 26% and 40% in 2014 and 52% and 73% in 2015, respectively. In the deficit treatments, there were no significant differences with respect to the control for the length, or absolute and relative growth rates (AGR and RGR) of the shoots. The weight of the wood from the fructification pruning had a significant difference between T3 and the control.

scholarly journals Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and quality of pear (Pyrus communis cv. Triumph of Vienna)

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Carolina Moreno-Hernández ◽  
Javier Enrique Vélez-Sánchez ◽  
Diego Sebastiano Intrigliolo
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Pressure Volume Curve

Crop demands for irrigation require different technologies to optimize the use of water. Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) is a strategy that enables a significant reduction of water application without affecting the crop yield and quality, with the advantage of being a tool for control of vegetative growth. The present study was conducted in Sesquile, Cundinamarca (Colombia) between 2015 and 2016. The objective was to evaluate the quality and development of pear crop (Pyrus communis L. cv. Triumph of Vienna) on field conditions, using three treatments of 100%, and 25% of water requirement (ETc) and no irrigation, applied at the rapid fruit growth stage. The mid day stem water potential, plant water relations, pressure-volume curve, fruit yield and quality were evaluated. There were no significant differences in the yield and quality of the fruits among the different irrigation treatments. The trees had the mechanisms of osmotic adjustment, which allowed water stressed trees to cope with irrigation restrictions during the rapid fruit growth stage without affecting the yield.

scholarly journals A Plant-based Approach to Deficit Irrigation in Trees and Vines

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Shackel
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Plant Level

Field experiments have been performed on grapevine as well as a number of woody tree species (almond, prune, pear, cherry) to determine the relation of plant water potential to a number of indices of plant physiological activity (leaf conductance, vegetative growth, and fruit growth and composition). Horticultural benefits of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) have been documented in several crops (grapevine, almond, prune, cherries), but management of irrigation to achieve these benefits is difficult without a reliable plant-based measure of stress. Midday stem water potential (SWP) has proven to be a robust, reliable, and practical measure of stress and closely related to physiological responses at the leaf and whole plant level [stomatal conductance (gS), vegetative growth, and fruit growth and composition such as soluble solids and fruit color].

scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Self-Adhesive Dual-Cured Resin Cement Polymerized Beneath Three Different Cusp Inclinations of Zirconia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chang-Yuan Zhang ◽  
Yi-Ling Cheng ◽  
Xin-Wen Tong ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Hui Cheng
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Extract Solution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
Post Hoc

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of self-adhesive dual-cured resin cement (SADRC) polymerized beneath three different cusp inclinations of zirconia with different light curing time. A commercial SADRC (Multilink Speed) was polymerized beneath zirconia (ZrO2) with three different cusp inclinations (0°, 20°, and 30°) for 20 s or 40 s. After being stored in light-proof box for 24 h, the ZrO2-SADRC specimens were immersed in DMEM for 72 h and then we got the extract solution, cultured the human gingival fibroblasts (HGF, 8 × 103 per well) with 100% or 50% concentrations of the extract solution for 24 h, 72 h, and 120 h, respectively, and evaluated cytotoxicity of the polymerized SADRC with CCK-8 assay in optical density (OD) values, relative growth rates (RGR), and cytotoxicity grades. Statistical analysis was conducted using a two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Student–Newman–Keuls test. The OD values varied from 0.8930 to 3.2920, the RGR varied from 33.93% to 98.68%, and the cytotoxicity grades varied from 0 to 2. There was significant difference in the OD values among the different cusp inclinations of zirconia (P < 0.001), and there was significant difference in the OD values between the different light curing times in some situations (P < 0.05). The cusp inclination of zirconia affects the in vitro cytotoxicity of SADRC. Prolonging the light curing time from 20 s to 40 s can reduce the in vitro cytotoxicity of SADRC when the cusp inclination of zirconia is smaller than 20°.

scholarly journals Long-term Effects of Restricted Root Volume and Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Peach: I. Growth and Mineral Nutrition

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Boland ◽  
P.H. Jerie ◽  
P.D. Mitchell ◽  
I. Goodwin ◽  
D.J. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Soil Volume

Individual and interactive effects of restricted root volume (RRV) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on vegetative growth and mineral nutrition of peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Peach Group) `Golden Queen'] were studied over 3 years (1992-95). Trees were grown in lysimeters of five different volumes (0.025, 0.06, 0.15, 0.4, and 1.0 m3) with either full or deficit (RDI) irrigation. Increasing soil volume increased vegetative growth as measured by trunk cross-sectional area (TCA) (linear and quadratic, P < 0.011) and tree weight (linear, P < 0.001) with the final TCA ranging from 29.0 to 51.0 cm2 and tree weight ranging from 7.2 to 12.1 kg for the smallest to largest volumes. Root density measured at the completion of the experiment decreased with increasing soil volume (linear and quadratic, P < 0.001) with root length density declining from 24.0 to 2.0 cm·cm-3. RDI reduced vegetative growth by up to 70% as measured by weight of summer prunings. Root restriction was effective in controlling vegetative vigor and is a viable alternative for control of vegetative growth. Mineral nutrition did not limit tree growth.

scholarly journals Response of a clingstone peach cultivar to regulated deficit irrigation

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Sotiropoulos ◽  
Dimitrios Kalfountzos ◽  
Ioannis Aleksiou ◽  
Spyros Kotsopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Koutinas
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation

Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) involves inducing water stress during specific fruit growth phases by irrigating at less than full evapotranspiration. The objectives of this research were to study the effects of RDI perfomed at stage II of fruit growth and postharvest, on productivity of clingstone peaches, fruit quality as well as photosynthetic rate and midday leaf water potential. The research was conducted in a commercial clingstone peach (Prunus persica L. Batch cv. A-37) orchard in Greece. Trees were irrigated by means of microsprinklers and their frequency was determined using local meteorological station data and the FAO 56 Pennman-Monteith method. Photosynthetic rate was measured by a portable infrared gas analyzer. Midday leaf water potential was measured by the pressure chamber technique. During the years 2005 and 2006, the treatment RDII with irrigation applied at growth stage II of the peach tree did not affect productivity, fresh and dry mass of fruits. RDII reduced preharvest fruit drop in comparison to the control. RDII as well as the combined treatment RDII plus RDIP with irrigation applied at postharvest, at both years reduced shoot length of the vigorous shoots inside the canopy. RDII in comparison to the control increased the soluble solids content of the fruits and the ratio soluble solids/acidity. However it did not affect fruit acidity and fruit firmness. RDII as well as RDII plus RDIP in 2006 increased 'double' fruits and fruits with open cavity in comparison to the control and RDIP. Water savings were considerable and associated with the climatic conditions of each year.

Pear fruit growth under regulated deficit irrigation in container-grown trees

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Marsal ◽  
H.F Rapoport ◽  
T Manrique ◽  
J Girona
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation
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