scholarly journals The water status of pear (Pyrus communis L.) under application of regulated deficit irrigation in high tropical latitudinal conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Enrique Vélez-Sánchez ◽  
Helber Enrique Balaguera-López ◽  
Pedro Rodríguez Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Pyrus Communis L

scholarly journals Effect of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on the vegetative growth of pear variety Triunfo de Viena (Pyrus communis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Enrique Vélez-Sánchez ◽  
María Jaqueline Molina-Ochoa ◽  
Pedro Rodríguez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pyrus Communis L

One of the consequences of a water deficit in the vegetative growth is the modification of the plant vigor, which determines the extent and the rate of growth and lengthening in shoots, which, in this phase, is more important than fruit growth, which is very slow in terms of dry mass accumulation. The objective of this research was to determine the effect on the vegetative growth of the pear variety Triunfo de Viena (Pyrus communis L) of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), which was compared with a control irrigated at 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The irrigation treatments consisted of the application of watering regimes of 74 and 48% ETc in treatment T2 and 60 and 27% ETc in treatment T3 in 2014 and 2015, respectively, during the period of rapid fruit growth with the same watering regime used in T1 (control) applied during the rest of the season. The irrigation reduction used in T2 and T3 represented water savings of 26% and 40% in 2014 and 52% and 73% in 2015, respectively. In the deficit treatments, there were no significant differences with respect to the control for the length, or absolute and relative growth rates (AGR and RGR) of the shoots. The weight of the wood from the fructification pruning had a significant difference between T3 and the control.

scholarly journals Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and quality of pear (Pyrus communis cv. Triumph of Vienna)

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Carolina Moreno-Hernández ◽  
Javier Enrique Vélez-Sánchez ◽  
Diego Sebastiano Intrigliolo
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Pressure Volume Curve

Crop demands for irrigation require different technologies to optimize the use of water. Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) is a strategy that enables a significant reduction of water application without affecting the crop yield and quality, with the advantage of being a tool for control of vegetative growth. The present study was conducted in Sesquile, Cundinamarca (Colombia) between 2015 and 2016. The objective was to evaluate the quality and development of pear crop (Pyrus communis L. cv. Triumph of Vienna) on field conditions, using three treatments of 100%, and 25% of water requirement (ETc) and no irrigation, applied at the rapid fruit growth stage. The mid day stem water potential, plant water relations, pressure-volume curve, fruit yield and quality were evaluated. There were no significant differences in the yield and quality of the fruits among the different irrigation treatments. The trees had the mechanisms of osmotic adjustment, which allowed water stressed trees to cope with irrigation restrictions during the rapid fruit growth stage without affecting the yield.

scholarly journals Scheduling Regulated Deficit Irrigation with Leaf Water Potential of Cherry Tomato in Greenhouse and its Effect on Fruit Quality

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Leontina Lipan ◽  
Hanán Issa-Issa ◽  
Alfonso Moriana ◽  
Noemí Medina Zurita ◽  
Alejandro Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Water Scarce

The tomato cultivated surface is one of the most important surfaces in the world. This crop needs a sufficient and continuous supply of water during vegetative growth. Therefore, production may be at risk in warm and water-scarce areas. Therefore, the implementation of irrigation alternatives such as regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is of great importance to reduce the use of water and improve the production of the quality of tomatoes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the deficit irrigation scheduling using plant water status as a tool in deficit irrigation. Experimental design was a randomized design with four replications per treatment. Two irrigation treatments were applied: Control (125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)) and Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI). This latter treatment considered different threshold values of midday leaf water depending on crop phenological stage. No differences were observed in yield, with RDI treatment being more efficient in the use of irrigation water than the control. Besides, RDI tomatoes presented, in general, greater weight, size, Total soluble solids (TSS), sugars, antioxidant activity, lycopene, β-Carotene, and redder color with more intense tomatoes flavor. Finally, it might be said that RDI strategy helped to reduce 53% of irrigation water and to improve the nutritional, functional, and sensory quality of tomatoes.

scholarly journals Soil and Regulated Deficit Irrigation Affect Growth, Yield and Quality of ‘Nero d’Avola’ Grapes in a Semi-Arid Environment

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriella Barbagallo ◽  
Giuseppe Vesco ◽  
Rosario Di Lorenzo ◽  
Riccardo Lo Bianco ◽  
Antonino Pisciotta
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield And Quality

The present work studied the effect of two consecutive years of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) compared to rain fed management on the vegetative growth, yield, and quality of ‘Nero d’Avola’ grapes. The trial was conducted separately in two soils (vertisol and entisol) located at the top and bottom hillside of the same vineyard. Vertisol was characterized by greater depth, organic matter, exchangeable K2O, and total N than entisol. RDI was based on an irrigation volume at 25% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) up to end of veraison and 10% of estimated ETc up to 15 days before harvest. Predawn water potential (PDWP) was used as indicator of plant water status and irrigation timing. No difference in irrigation management was evident between vertisol and entisol. Under Mediterranean climate conditions, RDI was able to enhance grape yield and vegetative growth, especially in vertisol, but it reduced berry titratable acidity and total anthocyanins. ‘Nero d’Avola’ showed to adapt to drought conditions in the open field. Both soil type and irrigation regimes may provide opportunities to obtain different ‘Nero d’Avola’ wine quality and boost typicality.

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation regime on the production of volatiles that affect the aroma of the pear variety Triumph of Vienna (Pyrus communis L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Enrique Vélez ◽  
Wilson Polanía ◽  
Nicolás Beltrán
Keyword(s):  
Growth Period ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pyrus Communis L ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Water is a major component of plants that directly and indirectly affects physiological processes. One of the consequences of a hydric deficit in the pear fruit is modification of the aroma. No information exists on the effect of a water deficit on the sensory profile and volatile composition of this species. The objective was to determine the production of volatiles in the harvest and post-harvest of pear var. Triumph of Vienna (Pyrus communis L.) with regulated deficit irrigation (RDI). The irrigation treatments consisted of the application of water regimes that were 100 (Control), 74 and 48% of the ETc during the rapid fruit growth period. The rest of the season plants were irrigated at 100%ETc. In the deficit treatments, there were no significant reductions with respect to the control in the quality of the fruits, obtaining a water savings in 74 and 48%ETc of 26 and 40%, respectively. The esters were the volatile compounds that contribute greatly to aroma, which increased steadily during the climacteric phase. Under the limited water conditions, watering with regulated, deficit doses obtained production that was similar to that of well-watered crops, provided that it was carried out in the phenological stage of low sensitivity and that the tolerance limits of stress were not exceeded.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Emerging Water Stress Situations by Thermal and Vegetation Indices in Different Almond Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1419
Author(s):  
Saray Gutiérrez-Gordillo ◽  
Javier de la Gala González-Santiago ◽  
Emiliano Trigo-Córdoba ◽  
Alfredo Emilio Rubio-Casal ◽  
Iván Francisco García-Tejero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Sensitive Periods ◽  
Mild Water Stress

In recent years, the area dedicated to modern irrigated almond plantations has increased significantly in Spain. However, the legal irrigation allocations are lower than the maximum water requirements of the crop in most cases. Therefore, almond growers are forced to implement regulated deficit irrigation strategies on their farms, applying water stress in certain resistant phenological periods and avoiding it in sensitive periods. Given the need to monitor the water status of the crop, especially in the most sensitive periods to water stress, the objective of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of two UAV-based crop water status indicators to detect early water stress conditions in four almond cultivars. The field trial was conducted during 2020 in an experimental almond orchard, where two irrigation strategies were established: full irrigation (FI), which received 100% of irrigation requirements (IR), and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), which received 70% of IR during the whole irrigation period except during the kernel-filling stage when received 40% IR. The UAV flights were performed on four selected dates of the irrigation season. The Crop Water Status Index (CWSI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were derived from thermal and multispectral images, respectively, and compared to classical water status indicators, i.e., stem water potential (Ψstem), stomatal conductance (gs), and photosynthetic rate (AN). Of the four flights performed, three corresponded to mild water stress conditions and a single flight was performed under moderate water stress conditions. Under mild water stress, CWSI was not able to capture the differences between FI and RDI trees that were observed with Ψstem. Under moderate stress conditions, CWSI was sensitive to the water deficit reached in the trees and showed significant differences among both irrigation treatments. No differences were observed in the CWSI and NVDI response to water stress among cultivars. Although NDVI and CWSI were sensitive to water stress, the low signal intensity observed in NDVI makes this index less robust than CWSI to monitor crop water stress. It can be concluded that UAV-based CWSI measurements are reliable to monitor almond water status, although for early (mild) levels of water stress, Ψstem seems to be the preferred option.

Regulated Deficit Irrigation based upon optimum water status improves phenolic composition in Monastrell grapes and wines

2013 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 85-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascual Romero ◽  
Rocío Gil-Muñoz ◽  
Francisco M. del Amor ◽  
Esperanza Valdés ◽  
Jose Ignacio Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Optimum Water

scholarly journals Physiological mechanism contributing to efficient use of water in field tomato under different irrigation

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lei ◽  
Q. Yunzhou ◽  
J. Fengchao ◽  
S. Changhai ◽  
Y. Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽  
Partial Root Drying

An open field experiment was conducted under furrow irrigation with 3 treatments: CK (control), PRD (partial root drying) and RDI (regulated deficit irrigation). The results showed that water potential, water content of the leaf and growth were decreased under PRD and RDI and the plants met stronger water stress under RDI than under PRD regime. The water use efficiency (WUE) based on fruit yield reached to 10.95 kg/m<SUP>3</SUP> and 15.33 kg/m<SUP>3</SUP>, i.e. 17.1% and 63.9% increase over CK under RDI and PRD, respectively. The transpiration efficiency in RDI was kept at the same level as CK, whereas it was promoted by 32.4% under PRD condition. CAT, SOD and POD activities were more active under RDI and especially under PRD than under CK. Therefore, following conclusions could be made: moderate water stress induced osmotic regulation under PRD conditions, leading to normal water status, higher antioxidant enzymes activities, the same level of biomass and lower water use, thus providing some part of mechanism to higher WUE under PRD condition.

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