scholarly journals Preheat Temperature Analysis of Cutting Knife Coating Violence in the Hard Facing Process of Aisi A35 Carbon Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Agus Hardjito ◽  
◽  
Imam Mashudi ◽  
Listiono Listiono ◽  
R.N. Akhsanu Takwim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Preheating Temperature ◽  
Cutting Knife

The hard facing process is the welding process of SMAW by using a hard facing DIN 888 electrode as a hard facing to replace conventional cutting tool material. The purpose of this analysis is to determine the effect of preheating temperature on the welding of hard coatings on AISI A35 low carbon steel. The results of this study are expected to obtain optimum hardness on coated steel, from variations in the temperature of the preheating. there will be a change in the hardness of the welding deposit, the deposit will be used as cutting tools. The results of this study can be used as guidelines for making cutting tools.

scholarly journals The Effect of AC (alternating current) and DC (direct current) on Bend Testing Results of Low Carbon Steel Welding Joints

Teknomekanik ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Zetri Firmanda ◽  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
Bulkia Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Bend Test ◽  
Open Crack ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Bend Testing ◽  
Welding Joints

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) on the bend testing results of low carbon steel welding joints. The results of this study are expected to determine the cracks that occur from the root bend and face bend testings in the AC and DC welding process. This study used experimental method, where the research was done by giving AC and direct polarity DC (DC-) SMAW welding treatments. The material used in this research was low carbon steel plate DIN 17100 Grade ST 44, thickness 10 with E7016 electrode type. The process of welding joints used a single V seam, strong current of 90A, and the welding position of 1G. The testing of welding joints was carried out by bend testing using the standard acceptance of AWS D1.1 root bend and face bend testing results. The results of the bend testing showed that the AC welding root bend test specimen held no cracks while the DC welding root bend test held cracks with incompelete penetration and open crack defects. On the contrary, the AC welding face bend test had open crack defects and in the DC welding face bend test was found a crack. Thus, there was a difference in the crack resistance of the welding joint from the types of current used through the root bend test and face bend test. Therefore, it can be summarized that AC welding is better for root welding and DC welding is good for capping welding.

scholarly journals Evaluation of induced residual stresses on AISI 1020 low carbon steel plate from experimental and FEM approach during TIG welding process

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4415-4433
Author(s):  
I. B. Owunna ◽  
A. E. Ikpe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Service Condition ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Temperature Range

Induced residual stresses on AISI 1020 low carbon steel plate during Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process was evaluated in this study using experimental and Finite Element Method (FEM). The temperature range measured from the welding experimentation was 251°C-423°C, while the temperature range measured from the FEM was 230°C-563°C; whereas, the residual stress range measured from the welding experimentation was 144MPa-402Mpa, while the residual range measured from the FEM was 233-477MPa respectively. Comparing the temperature and stress results obtained from both methods, it was observed that the range of temperature and residual stresses measured were not exactly the same due to the principles at which both methods operate but disparities between the methods were not outrageous. However, these values can be fed back to optimization tools to obtain optimal parameters for best practices.  Results of the induced stress distribution was created from a static study where the thermal results were used as loading conditions and it was observed that the temperature increased as the von-Mises stress increased, indicating that induced stresses in welded component may hamper the longevity of such component in service condition. Hence, post-weld heat treatment is imperative in order to stress relieve metals after welding operation and improve their service life.

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterizations of Chromium Carbides and Chromium Borides Layers Over Low-Carbon Steel Surface

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1130-1136
Author(s):  
Rabah Boubaaya ◽  
Omar Allaoui ◽  
Younes Benarioua ◽  
Mokhtar Djendel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Chromium Carbides ◽  
First Case

Hard coatings based on chromium carbides and chromium borides are widely used in applications that require mechanical performance, i.e., high hardness and low friction coefficient and good corrosion resistance. In this work, we made layers of chromium carbides and chromium borides on the surface of low carbon steel through some specific treatments. For chromium carbides, the cementation in a solid medium followed by electroplating of chromium on the surface and finally the application of annealing treatment at temperatures between 500 and 1100 °C for 1 hour. For chromium borides, the boriding treatment in solid medium at 900 °C for 4 hours followed by chromium electroplating on the steel surface and finally the application of annealing treatment at temperatures at 950 °C for 1 and 2 hours. The obtained results show that, in the first case, the cemented layer and the chromium deposited on the surface combine to form chromium carbides on the treated surface after annealing. Similarly, for the second case, boron diffusion and chromium deposition lead to chromium borides on the treated surface. The characteristics of the chromium carbides and chromium borides obtained are very similar to those of chromium carbides and chromium borides obtained by other processes.

Simulation of Structure Formation Processes of Dissimilar Steels Welded Joints Using an Intermediate Layer

2015 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Aelita Nikulina ◽  
Vadim Yu. Skeeba ◽  
Alexandra Chevakinskaya ◽  
Pavel Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Variable Parameter ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Dissimilar Steels

This paper shows the results of solving a 3D problem to define types of structures and tensions which can appear during the butt contact welding process of dissimilar steels through low carbon steel inserts. The finite element method to calculate welded structures was used. The thickness of inserts was the main variable parameter. According to the results of numerical simulation using inserts can increase the reliability of welded joints between pearlitic high-carbon steel and austenitic chromium-nickel steel. The best result was obtained by using an insert with a thickness less than 20 mm. Structural studies of the welded joints between high-carbon steel and chromium-nickel steel through low-carbon inserts confirm the results of mathematical modeling.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of the Effects of Post Weld Heat Treatment on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Corrosion Potentials of Low Carbon Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isiaka Oluwole Oladele ◽  
Davies Babatunde Alonge ◽  
Timothy Olakunle Betiku ◽  
Emmanuel Ohiomomo Igbafen ◽  
Benjamin Omotayo Adewuyi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Post Weld Heat Treatment ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Corrosion Properties ◽  
Weld Heat

The effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of low carbon steel have been investigated. The welding process was conducted on butt joint using Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) techniques at a welding voltage of 23 V and welding current of 110 A with the use of E6013 and 3.2 mm diameter as filler material. Heat treatment through full annealing was carried out on the welded low carbon steel. The mechanical properties (hardness, impact toughness and tensile properties) of the AW and PWHT samples were determined. The microstructure of the AW and PWHT samples was characterized by means of an optical microscopy. Corrosion behavior of the sample was studied in3.5 wt.% NaCl environment using potentiodynamic polarization method. The results showed that the AW samples has good combination of mechanical and corrosion properties. The microstructure revealed fine grains of pearlite randomly dispersed in the ferrite for the AW base metal (BM) sample while agglomerated and fine particle of epsilon carbide or cementite randomly dispersed on the ferritic phase of the heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal (WM), of the AW, respectively. The PWHT samples shows that the annealing process allow diffusion and growth of the fine grains into partial coarse grains of ferrite and pearlite which did not encourage improvement of the properties. Therefore, it was concluded that the welding parameters put in place during welding of the low carbon steel are optimum for quality weld.

scholarly journals Characterization of Weld Bead Deposited on Low Carbon Steel Plate with TIG Welding Process

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Weld Bead ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Carbide Particles

The characterization of weld bead deposited on low carbon steel plate with TIG welding is carried out in the present study. Three beads on plate deposits were made on a low carbon steel plate by setting the current at 75, 100 and 125 Amp, voltage at 40 Volt and the weld speed at 0.5 mm/s. The wire is fed at the rate of 2.67 mm/s. A 1.8 mm filler wire made with low carbon steel was used. The macroscopic and microscopic examination of the sample was carried out. The depth of penetration was more with respect to rise in current value for the selected weld speed. At the heat affected zone (HAZ) fine grains were seen, closer to the HAZ recrystalised grains were noted. At the base metal large ferrite grains with fine carbide particles dispersed along the grain boundaries are observed.

Multi-objective optimization of high carbon steel (EN-31) and low carbon steel (SAE-1020) using Grey Taguchi method in rotary friction stir welding

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-400
Author(s):  
Kanwal Jit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Rotary Friction Welding

Purpose Nowadays, a rotary friction welding method is accepted in many industries, particularly for joining dissimilar materials as a mass production process. It is due to advantages like less material waste, low production time and low energy expenditure. The effect of the change in carbon contents in steel is studied experimentally in the rotary friction welding process, and a statistical model is developed. The Grey Taguchi method gives the single parameters optimization for all output responses. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach An experimental setup was designed and produced to achieve the multi-response in single optimum parameters through Grey relational analysis. A continuous/direct drive rotary friction welding process is chosen in which transition from friction to the forging stage can be achieved automatically by applying a break. In this experimentation, high carbon and low carbon work-pieces with different carbon percentage were welded with rotary friction welding. Response tensile strength and micro-hardness of the design of the experiment are used to analyze the results. Findings The optimization of parameters has been performed with Grey relational analysis, and optimum parameters are friction pressure 40 kg/cm2, forging pressure 100 kg/cm2 and speed 1,120 rpm. GRA optimum parameters give 56.04 and 82.16 percent improvement in Tensile strength and micro-hardness, respectively. Practical implications High carbon steel (En-31) and low carbon steel (SAE-1020) are used in so many industrial applications. These materials are mostly used in the process like manufacturing, metallurgy, machinery, agricultural, etc. These practical applications have brought forward definite and notable economic benefits. Originality/value It provides a new framework to investigate the problems where multiple input machining variables and various output responses are obtained in single optimized parameters.

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