A methodology using classification for traffic prediction: Featuring the impact of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Stergios Liapis ◽  
Konstantinos Christantonis ◽  
Victor Chazan-Pantzalis ◽  
Anastassios Manos ◽  
Despina Elizabeth Filippidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Traffic Prediction ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Traffic State ◽  
Data Partitions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Training Subset ◽  
And Training

This paper presents a novel methodology using classification for day-ahead traffic prediction. It addresses the research question whether traffic state can be forecasted based on meteorological conditions, seasonality, and time intervals, as well as COVID-19 related restrictions. We propose reliable models utilizing smaller data partitions. Apart from feature selection, we incorporate new features related to movement restrictions due to COVID-19, forming a novel data model. Our methodology explores the desired training subset. Results showed that various models can be developed, with varying levels of success. The best outcome was achieved when factoring in all relevant features and training on a proposed subset. Accuracy improved significantly compared to previously published work.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS SIGNIFICANT FOR SMALL AVIATION AND TRAINING FLIGHTS AT THE AIRFIELD “BALKHASH” FOR PLANNING AND FLIGHT SAFETY PURPOSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (446) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
N. Dolzhenko ◽  
E. Mailyanova ◽  
I. Assilbekova ◽  
Z. Konakbay
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Term Data ◽  
Small Aircraft

Cloudiness and range of visibility are the most significant flight conditions for aircraft. The impact of clouds and visibility on the safety of aircraft flights, especially small aircraft, cannot be overestimated. According to the Interstate Air Committee, Kazakhstan ranks second in the number of aviation disasters. The average age of a third of Kazakhstan's small aircraft is more than 30 years. Over the past few years, 14 air accidents have occurred in the Republic of Kazakhstan, 11 of them with small aircraft. In this work, we investigate long-term data on cloudiness and visibility at the most weather-favorable airfield in Balkhash, for the possibility of safe and economical flights of small aircraft and planning training flights.

scholarly journals The impact of educators' skills and training on the delivery of music in the learning area Arts and Culture within two districts of the Gauteng province of South Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
Christopher Klopper
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Arts And Culture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Learning Area

This article is the documentation of a sub-research question of a larger empirical study that employed quantitative methods to identify variables that are impacting on the delivery of music in the learning area Arts and Culture in South Africa extrapolated from questionnaires. Analysis of the data revealed that educators lack specialisation in music and have limited training in any of the art forms. Significant relationships were established between the educator and involvement in music activities within and outside of the school environment.

Voices of Distress: The Emotional Peril of Not Attaining a Dietetic Internship in Ontario

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lee Brady ◽  
Annie Hoang ◽  
Olivia Siswanto ◽  
Jordana Riesel ◽  
Jacqui Gingras
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Dietetic Education ◽  
Dietetic Internship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Future Growth

Obtaining dietetic licensure in Ontario requires completion of a Dietitians of Canada (DC) accredited four-year undergraduate degree in nutrition and an accredited post-graduate internship or combined Master’s degree program. Given the scarcity of internship positions in Ontario, each year approximately two-thirds of the eligible applicants who apply do not receive a position XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, in press). Anecdotally, not securing an internship position is known to be a particularly disconcerting experience that has significant consequences for individuals’ personal, financial, and professional well-being. However, no known empirical research has yet explored students’ experiences of being unsuccessful in applying for internship positions. Fifteen individuals who applied between 2005 and 2009 to an Ontario-based dietetic internship program, but were unsuccessful at least once, participated in a one-on-one semi-structured interview. Findings reveal that participants’ experiences unfold successively in four phases that are characterized by increasingly heightened emotional peril: naïveté, competition, devastation, and frustration. The authors conclude that the current model of dietetic education and training in Ontario causes lasting distress to students and hinders the future growth and vitality of the dietetic profession. Further research is required to understand the impact of the current model on dietetic educators, internship coordinators, and preceptors as coincident participants in the internship application process.

The Fiscal Effects of Economic Immigration on Subnational Government Finance in Poland

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Marzanna Poniatowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Piekutowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Government Finance ◽  
Subnational Government ◽  
Migration Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Share

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to analyse the effects of economic immigration on subnational government finance (SNG) in Poland. The goal to achieve is to answer the following research question: what are the fiscal effects of immigration on SNG budget revenues and expenditures. To answer this question, logarithmic models were developed. The analysis refers to the years 2007-2016. In this respect, data from Statistics Poland - referring to budget revenues and expenditures of communes, cities of district status, districts and voivodeships - were used. As far as immigration statistics are concerned, data from the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy were used. The results indicate an increase in both revenues and expenditures of SNG as a result of immigration. Such results can be explained inter alia by the nature of migration - research were focused on economic immigration. Results confirm that the level of employment of foreigners is one of the determinants shaping the fiscal effect of immigration. Moreover, the impact of economic immigration on SNG budget revenues and expenditures depends on the structure of this budget. This explains the differentiated results of the analysis of the impact of immigration on SNG in different countries. The positive correlation between immigration and SNG revenues in Poland can be associated with a high share of subnational governments in personal income tax revenues as this tax is one of the main categories of SNG revenues. Furthermore, results show that the impact of immigration on local government budgets in Poland is modest. This confirms the conclusions drawn by other authors (e.g. Auerbach and Oreopoulos), that in the long term, immigration cannot be considered as a potential instrument for resolving fiscal imbalances.

Impact Analysis of the Mechanization Program for Tribal Paddy Farmers of Goa

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHALA JULIET GUPTA ◽  
ASHISH M. PITRE ◽  
SUMATI CHAVAN PANDURNAG ◽  
SALONI SALIL VANJARI
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Significant Saving ◽  
Manual Methods ◽  
Paddy Farmers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

This paper assessed the impact of the mechanization of the 8 tribal paddy farmers’ groups of Goa benefited in the year 2011 through the Tribal sub-plan program of ICAR-CCARI through results of surveys conducted in 2012 and 2015. Shift to mechanization among beneficiaries was significant in power tillers (64-100%) but less in power reapers(0-91%). Also significant saving in manpower (Power tillers:33.3% to 60%, power reapers: 33.3% to 83.3%), , time (field capacity increased (power tillers : 41.7% to141%, power reapers :58.1% to 912.8%) and cost(power tillers :44.7% to 59.1%, power reapers : 57.8% to 82.9%) was reportedthrough the use of equipment as compared to desi plough or manual methods of harvesting. Some constraints like lack of access roads and training in use and maintenance of the equipment were reported by the beneficiary farmers.

scholarly journals Impact of dementia education and training on health and social care staff knowledge, attitudes and confidence: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e039939
Author(s):  
Sahdia Parveen ◽  
Sarah Jane Smith ◽  
Cara Sass ◽  
Jan R Oyebode ◽  
Andrea Capstick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Training Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Dementia Education

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish the impact of dementia education and training on the knowledge, attitudes and confidence of health and social care staff. The study also aimed to identify the most effective features (content and pedagogical) of dementia education and training.DesignCross-sectional survey study. Data collection occurred in 2017.SettingsHealth and social care staff in the UK including acute care, mental health community care trusts, primary care and care homes.ParticipantsAll health and social care staff who had completed dementia education and training meeting the minimal standards as set by Health Education England, within the past 5 years were invited to participate in an online survey. A total of 668 health and social care staff provided informed consent and completed an online survey, and responses from 553 participants were included in this study. The majority of the respondents were of white British ethnicity (94.4%) and identified as women (88.4%).OutcomesKnowledge, attitude and confidence of health and social care staff.ResultsHierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted. Staff characteristics, education and training content variables and pedagogical factors were found to account for 29% of variance in staff confidence (F=4.13, p<0.001), 22% of variance in attitude (knowledge) (F=3.80, p<001), 18% of the variance in staff knowledge (F=2.77, p<0.01) and 14% of variance in staff comfort (attitude) (F=2.11, p<0.01).ConclusionThe results suggest that dementia education and training has limited impact on health and social care staff learning outcomes. While training content variables were important when attempting to improve staff knowledge, more consideration should be given to pedagogical factors when training is aiming to improve staff attitude and confidence.

scholarly journals Quantification of Non-Exhaust Particulate Matter Traffic Emissions and the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown at London Marylebone Road

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
William Hicks ◽  
Sean Beevers ◽  
Anja H. Tremper ◽  
Gregor Stewart ◽  
Max Priestman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Traffic Emissions ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Brake Wear ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exhaust Particulate

This research quantifies current sources of non-exhaust particulate matter traffic emissions in London using simultaneous, highly time-resolved, atmospheric particulate matter mass and chemical composition measurements. The measurement campaign ran at Marylebone Road (roadside) and Honor Oak Park (background) urban monitoring sites over a 12-month period between 1 September 2019 and 31 August 2020. The measurement data were used to determine the traffic increment (roadside–background) and covered a range of meteorological conditions, seasons, and driving styles, as well as the influence of the COVID-19 “lockdown” on non-exhaust concentrations. Non-exhaust particulate matter (PM)10 concentrations were calculated using chemical tracer scaling factors for brake wear (barium), tyre wear (zinc), and resuspension (silicon) and as average vehicle fleet non-exhaust emission factors, using a CO2 “dilution approach”. The effect of lockdown, which saw a 32% reduction in traffic volume and a 15% increase in average speed on Marylebone Road, resulted in lower PM10 and PM2.5 traffic increments and brake wear concentrations but similar tyre and resuspension concentrations, confirming that factors that determine non-exhaust emissions are complex. Brake wear was found to be the highest average non-exhaust emission source. In addition, results indicate that non-exhaust emission factors were dependent upon speed and road surface wetness conditions. Further statistical analysis incorporating a wider variability in vehicle mix, speeds, and meteorological conditions, as well as advanced source apportionment of the PM measurement data, were undertaken to enhance our understanding of these important vehicle sources.

How Signs, Markings, and Hazards Impact Motorist Assessment of Cyclist Lane Placement

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1948-1949
Author(s):  
Mary L. Still ◽  
Jeremiah D. Still
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Lane Position ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Human Factors Research ◽  
And Training

Human factors research has led to safer interactions between motorists through redesigned signage, roadway designs, and training. Similar efforts are needed to understand and improve interactions between cyclists and motorists. One challenge to safe motorist-cyclist interactions are expectations about where cyclists should be on the road. In this study, we utilize more directive signage and additional lane markings to clarify where cyclists should ride in the travel lane. The impact of these signifiers was examined by having motorists indicate where cyclists should ride in the lane, how difficult it was to determine the correct lane position, and how safe they would feel if they were in that lane position. Results indicate that more directive signage – “bicycles take the lane”-and painted hazard signifiers can change motorists’ expectations, so they are more aligned with safer cyclist positioning in the lane.

scholarly journals A Person-to-Person and Person-to-Place COVID-19 Contact Tracing System Based on OGC IndoorGML

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soroush Ojagh ◽  
Sara Saeedi ◽  
Steve H. L. Liang
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Sequential Order ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Data Points ◽  
The Impact

With the wide availability of low-cost proximity sensors, a large body of research focuses on digital person-to-person contact tracing applications that use proximity sensors. In most contact tracing applications, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 spread through touching contaminated surfaces in enclosed places is overlooked. This study is focused on tracing human contact within indoor places using the open OGC IndoorGML standard. This paper proposes a graph-based data model that considers the semantics of indoor locations, time, and users’ contexts in a hierarchical structure. The functionality of the proposed data model is evaluated for a COVID-19 contact tracing application with scalable system architecture. Indoor trajectory preprocessing is enabled by spatial topology to detect and remove semantically invalid real-world trajectory points. Results show that 91.18% percent of semantically invalid indoor trajectory data points are filtered out. Moreover, indoor trajectory data analysis is innovatively empowered by semantic user contexts (e.g., disinfecting activities) extracted from user profiles. In an enhanced contact tracing scenario, considering the disinfecting activities and sequential order of visiting common places outperformed contact tracing results by filtering out unnecessary potential contacts by 44.98 percent. However, the average execution time of person-to-place contact tracing is increased by 58.3%.

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