scholarly journals Multisite non-invasive brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Camila Beatriz da Silva Machado ◽  
Letícia Maria da Silva ◽  
Alessandra Feitosa Gonçalves ◽  
Palloma Rodrigues de Andrade ◽  
Cristina Katya Torres Teixeira Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Motor Component

BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cardinal motor symptoms in addition to cognitive impairment. New insights concerning multisite non-invasive brain stimulation effects have been gained, which can now be used to develop innovative treatment approaches. OBJECTIVE: Map the researchs involving multisite non-invasive brain stimulation in PD, synthesize the available evidence and discuss future directions. METHODS: The databases PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS and The Cochrane Library were searched from inception until April 2020, without restrictions on the date of publication or the language in which it was published. The reviewers worked in pairs and sequentially evaluated the titles, abstracts and then the full text of all publications identified as potentially relevant. RESULTS: Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. The target brain regions included mainly the combination of a motor and a frontal area, such as stimulation of the primary motor córtex associated with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Most of the trials showed that this modality was only more effective for the motor component, or for the cognitive and/or non-motor, separately. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the results being encouraging for the use of the multisite aproach, the indication for PD management should be carried out with caution and deserves scientific deepening.

scholarly journals TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT STIMULATION IN THE NEUROMODULATION OF CONTROLLING MAIN SYMPTOMS OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE: A CASE STUDY

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizzia DALL’AGNOL ◽  
Alice Medeiros de SOUZA ◽  
Lilian Campos AMADEU ◽  
Eleni VOSNIADOU ◽  
Fernanda Ishida CORRÊA
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Direct Stimulation ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a central nervous system neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the motor system, decreasing motor coordination, balance and generating tremors, and a progressive loss of everyday mobility, including walking. This study was conducted to verify the effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on balance, motor control, and the quality of life in Parkinson’s disease patients. The patient received three treatments consisting of 10 sessions of 20 minutes each and a one-week interval between treatments. Active stimulation was applied on the primary motor cortex (M1), the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (D Sham-tDCS. DLPFC stimulation produced the best improvements in terms of motor control, balance, gait, and overall PD symptoms, as evaluated by different scales and questionnaires. As a result, active stimulation of the DLPFC produced superior outcomes and may contribute to treating Parkinson’s disease.

Visual Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation in a Patient with Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 158-173
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Cover Test

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a dopamine deficiency that presents with motor symptoms. Visual disorders can occur concomitantly but are frequently overlooked. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been an effective treatment to improve tremors, stiffness and overall mobility, but little is known about its effects on the visual system. Case Report: A 75-year-old Caucasian male with PD presented with longstanding binocular diplopia. On baseline examination, the best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in each eye. On observation, he had noticeable tremors with an unsteady gait. Distance alternating cover test showed exophoria with a right hyperphoria. Near alternating cover test revealed a significantly larger exophoria accompanied by a reduced near point of convergence. Additional testing with a 24-2 Humphrey visual field and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the nerve and macula were unremarkable. The patient underwent DBS implantation five weeks after initial examination, and the device was activated four weeks thereafter. At follow up, the patient still complained of intermittent diplopia. There was no significant change in the manifest refraction or prism correction. On observation, the patient had remarkably improved tremors with a steady gait. All parameters measured were unchanged. The patient was evaluated again seven months after device activation. Although vergence ranges at all distances were improved, the patient was still symptomatic for intermittent diplopia. OCT scans of the optic nerve showed borderline but symmetric thinning in each eye. All other parameters measured were unchanged. Conclusion: The case found no significant changes on ophthalmic examination after DBS implantation and activation in a patient with PD. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no other cases in the literature that investigated the effects of DBS on the visual system pathway in a patient with PD before and after DBS implantation and activation.

10-Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on motor speech disorder in Parkinson’s disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. e9
Author(s):  
L. Brabenec ◽  
J. Mekyska ◽  
Z. Galáž ◽  
P. Klobušiakova ◽  
M. Koštálová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Speech Disorder ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Motor Speech Disorder

scholarly journals Differentiating Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Parkinson's Disease With Head-Mounted Displays

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvid Herwig ◽  
Almedin Agic ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Huppertz ◽  
Randolf Klingebiel ◽  
Frédéric Zuhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Diagnostic Index

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder that, especially in the early stages of the disease, is clinically difficult to distinguish from Parkinson's disease (PD).Objective: This study aimed at assessing the use of eye-tracking in head-mounted displays (HMDs) for differentiating PSP and PD.Methods: Saccadic eye movements of 13 patients with PSP, 15 patients with PD, and a group of 16 healthy controls (HCs) were measured. To improve applicability in an inpatient setting and standardize the diagnosis, all the tests were conducted in a HMD. In addition, patients underwent atlas-based volumetric analysis of various brain regions based on high-resolution MRI.Results: Patients with PSP displayed unique abnormalities in vertical saccade velocity and saccade gain, while horizontal saccades were less affected. A novel diagnostic index was derived, multiplying the ratios of vertical to horizontal gain and velocity, allowing segregation of PSP from PD with high sensitivity (10/13, 77%) and specificity (14/15, 93%). As expected, patients with PSP as compared with patients with PD showed regional atrophy in midbrain volume, the midbrain plane, and the midbrain tegmentum plane. In addition, we found for the first time that oculomotor measures (vertical gain, velocity, and the diagnostic index) were correlated significantly to midbrain volume in the PSP group.Conclusions: Assessing eye movements in a HMD provides an easy to apply and highly standardized tool to differentiate PSP of patients from PD and HCs, which will aid in the diagnosis of PSP.

scholarly journals The development of visual neuroimaging research of acupuncture in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Suhua Miao ◽  
Rongsong Zhou ◽  
Yu Ma ◽  
Yuqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder commonly observed in middle-aged and elderly. Currently, its etiology and pathogenesis are still not completely understood. It is associated with many symptoms that severely affect patients’ health and quality of life. At present, the PD clinical treatment mainly aimed to alleviate symptoms, and both medicinal and surgical treatments have side effects and treatment blind spots. The use of acupuncture for the treatment of PD is relatively widespread, and its safety and efficacy have been gradually accepted by the public and medical professions. However, the efficacy of acupuncture in experimental studies remains controversial. Therefore, this paper reviews imaging studies on the use of acupuncture for the treatment of PD. From the study, it shows that acupuncture can improve the neuronal activity, activate the neuronal activity in damaged brain regions, affect relevant neural networks and brain circulation, improve cerebral metabolism, and cause structural changes in related brain regions. Intuitive and visible imaging studies provide objective bases on the use of acupuncture for the treatment of PD.

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