scholarly journals The Acoustic Effect of Urdu Phonological Rules on English Speech

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Mahwish Farooq ◽  
Asim Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
English Word ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Acoustic Effect ◽  
The Public ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Phonological Rules

The paper is about the acoustic effect of Urdu phonological rules on Pakistani Urdu speakers' English speech. The objective of the study is to discuss the phenomenon of multiple pronunciations of an English word that has the same spellings, meaning, and part of speech but different pronunciations in the English speech of Urdu speakers. Sometimes these alternative pronunciations are considered mispronunciation rather than multiple pronunciations. The primary purpose of this study is to make a boundary-line between mispronunciations and multiple pronunciations of English vocabulary. Thus, an acoustic analysis of Urdu speakers' English speech has been done by collecting speech data of 30 Urdu speakers from the Public sector universities of Pakistan. Consequently, this paper caters to language-dependent variations of Urdu. This paper only deals with three phonological rules, i.e., segment alternation, ellipsis, epenthesis, which become the cause for re-syllabification of English words. These three foci of research have been selected because the data analysis has confirmed that the 'multiple pronunciation' is mainly occurred due to these three elements. These three categories cover several sub-categories that cover many instances in the data analysis. The data also confirms that phonological variations occur due to stress shifting in Urdu speakers' English speech in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Optimizing Bus Passenger Complaint Service through Big Data Analysis: Systematized Analysis for Improved Public Sector Management

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weng-Kun Liu ◽  
Chia-Chun Yen
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Demand Chain ◽  
Customer Complaint ◽  
The Government

With the advances in industry and commerce, passengers have become more accepting of environmental sustainability issues; thus, more people now choose to travel by bus. Government administration constitutes an important part of bus transportation services as the government gives the right-of-way to transportation companies allowing them to provide services. When these services are of poor quality, passengers may lodge complaints. The increase in consumer awareness and developments in wireless communication technologies have made it possible for passengers to easily and immediately submit complaints about transportation companies to government institutions, which has brought drastic changes to the supply-demand chain comprised of the public sector, transportation companies, and passengers. This study proposed the use of big data analysis technology including systematized case assignment and data visualization to improve management processes in the public sector and optimize customer complaint services. Taichung City, Taiwan was selected as the research area. There, the customer complaint management process in public sector was improved, effectively solving such issues as station-skipping, allowing the public sector to fully grasp the service level of transportation companies, improving the sustainability of bus operations, and supporting the sustainable development of the public sector-transportation company-passenger supply chain.

Disability Policies and Management in Bolivia: Changes and Challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 104420732110219
Author(s):  
M. García-Domingo ◽  
V. Fuentes ◽  
Y. M. De La Fuente Robles ◽  
J. Muyor
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Full Inclusion ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The Public

The Plurinational State of Bolivia has experienced significant social changes with a growing commitment toward policies that favor vulnerable populations. Highlighting movements led by people with disabilities to promote progress in social policies is a crucial task. The public sector has responded to the demands and needs of this population through recognition and promotion of their rights. Nevertheless, to ensure progress, we must support the voices of the stakeholders and promote their participation in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the system, and the real needs and demands of people with disabilities in Bolivia. To this end, in this study, we gathered statements of key informants, using a focus group technique. The results of the data analysis indicate an increase in social awareness and recognition of the needs of this collective and the importance of their full inclusion in society. However, there is a distortion in the application of certain assistance and inclusion policies in favor of people with disabilities because these policies do not have their intended impact.

User's Segmentation on Continued Knowledge Management System Use in the Public Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Chi-Cheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
City Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Using Data

Knowledge management systems (KMS) can help an organization support knowledge management activities and thereby increase organizational performance. This study extends the expectation-confirmation model for predicting mandatory continued KMS use in the public sector. The models are assessed using data from a sample of 627 employees of the Kaohsiung City government in Taiwan and analyzed using the finite mixture partial least squares (FIMIX-PLS) method. The results of this study indicate that (1) data heterogeneity (i.e., educational level) segments two specific groups that show different perceptions toward continued KMS use; (2) the results of aggregate-based data analysis are different from the results of group-specific data analysis; (3) compatibility, relative to confirmation, has larger impact on perceived usefulness regardless of groups; (4) the effect of user satisfaction on continued usage behavior is significant different between the two groups; (5) cognition-driven continued use and emotion-driven continued use are identified in the two groups.

scholarly journals Syllable-Pattern-Based Unknown-Morpheme Segmentation and Estimation for Hybrid Part-of-Speech Tagging of Korean

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Geunbae Lee ◽  
Jeongwon Cha ◽  
Jong-Hyeok Lee
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Method ◽  
English Word ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Part Of Speech Tagging ◽  
Pos Tagging ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Speech Tagging ◽  
Very High

Most errors in Korean morphological analysis and part-of-speech (POS) tagging are caused by unknown morphemes. This paper presents a syllable-pattern-based generalized unknown-morpheme-estimation method with POSTAG (POStech TAGger), 1 which is a statistical and rule-based hybrid POS tagging system. This method of guessing unknown morphemes is based on a combination of a morpheme pattern dictionary that encodes general lexical patterns of Korean morphemes with a posteriori syllable trigram estimation. The syllable trigrams help to calculate lexical probabilities of the unknown morphemes and are utilized to search for the best tagging result. This method can guess the POS tags of unknown morphemes regardless of their numbers and/or positions in an eojeol (a Korean spacing unit similar to an English word), which is not possible with other systems for tagging Korean. In a series of experiments using three different domain corpora, the system achieved a 97% tagging accuracy even though 10% of the morphemes in the test corpora were unknown. It also achieved very high coverage and accuracy of estimation for all classes of unknown morphemes. 1 The binary code of POSTAG is open to the public for research and evaluation purposes at http://nlp.postech.ac.kr/. Follow the link OpenResources→DownLoad.

scholarly journals A comparison of prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuemeka P. Ogbu ◽  
Christian F. Asuquo
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
State Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Construction Contracts ◽  
Unethical Practices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
National Life ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
Gain Access

Nigeria has recently renewed efforts towards stamping out corruption in every area of its national life. Given that construction procurement is particularly prone to corrupt practices, this study investigated the prevalence of unethical tendering practices in the Nigerian public sector. In particular, a comparison to bare the similarities or differences in the prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels is scarcely available in literature. This study’s objective was to determine and compare the prevalence of unethical tendering practices at the national and subnational levels in Nigeria. The data analysis was based on 120 acceptably filled questionnaires obtained from contractor, client and consultant organisations previously involved in public sector projects. The unethical tendering practices were analysed using prevalence indices and Mann–Whitney U tests. Findings include that the three most prevalent unethical tendering practices are contractor-based, namely: (1) competitors offer bribes to gain access to confidential tendering information (C1); (2) competitors overstate their capacity, experience and qualifications to secure construction contracts (C2); (3) the same owner(s) use different firms to tender for the same project (C3), in descending order of prevalence. No significant difference exists between unethical tendering practices in federal and state government projects. The findings of the study will help the Nigerian government and other stakeholders to better understand unethical practices at the tender stage of construction procurement in the public sector and to evolve better strategies for dealing with them. The study contributes to existing knowledge by separately identifying the prevalent unethical tendering practices in the Nigerian context and comparing unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels within a country

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