Shelter or Transitional Living Situation

Facemasks have become requisite amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We explore facemasking behaviors, preferences, and attitudes among emerging adults, a “distinct period demographically” within the lifespan. Public opinion polls conducted in May 2020 found that emerging adults were the least compliant when compared to other demographic groups. To understand why, we developed a survey instrument that was administered to a demographically representative quota sample of 1,005 participants. Demographic comparisons revealed that behaviors and attitudes differed significantly by political beliefs, gender, living situation, and race. An exploratory factor analysis revealed six underlying variables: (a) facemask avoidance; (b) concerned adherence (c) vexed faultfinding; (d) statement making; (e) fashion enthusiasm; and (f) hygiene adherence. All factors varied significantly by political affiliation, and in some cases by gender, race, living situation, location, and work/education status. Significant correlations were present between all factors except fashion enthusiasm and vexed faultfinding.

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The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: the role of living situation and social support

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.125 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joan Domènech-Abella ◽

Aina Gabarrell-Pascuet ◽

Lydia Hanaa Faris ◽

Paula Cristóbal-Narváez ◽

Mireia Félez-Nobrega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Living Situation

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Household transmission and incidence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in symptomatic healthcare workers, clinical course and outcome: a French hospital experience

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2020-106866 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. oemed-2020-106866

Author(s):

Evguenia Krastinova ◽

Valérie Garrait ◽

Marie-Thérèse Lecam ◽

André Coste ◽

Emmanuelle Varon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Current Smoker ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Living Situation ◽

Household Transmission ◽

Occupational Profile ◽

Household Members ◽

French Hospital ◽

At Home

ObjectivesAlthough healthcare workers (HCWs) have been particularly affected by SARS-CoV-2, detailed data remain scarce. In this study, we investigated infection rates, clinical characteristics, occupational exposure and household transmission among all symptomatic HCWs screened by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR between 17 March (French lockdown) and 20 April.MethodsSARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR was proposed to symptomatic (new cough or dyspnoea) HCWs at Creteil Hospital in one of the Parisian suburbs most severely affected by COVID-19. Data on occupational profile, living situation and household, together with self–isolation and mask use at home were collected, as well as the number of cases in the household.ResultsThe incidence rate of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 was estimated to be 5% (110/2188). A total of 110 (35%) of the 314 HCWs tested positive and 9 (8%) were hospitalised. On multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with positive RT-PCR were occupational profile with direct patient facing (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 8.8), p<0.03), and presence of anosmia (OR 5.7, 95% CI 3.1 to 10.6), p<0.0001). Being a current smoker was associated with negative RT-PCR (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.7), p=0.005). Transmission from HCWs to household members was reported in 9 (14%) cases, and 2 deaths occurred. Overall, self-isolation was possible in 52% of cases, but only 31% of HCWs were able to wear a mask at home.ConclusionThis is the first study to report infection rates among HCWs during the peak of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France and the lockdown period, highlighting the risk related to occupational profile and household transmission.

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The carceral production of transgender poverty: How racialized gender policing deprives transgender women of housing and safety

Punishment & Society ◽

10.1177/14624745211017818 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146247452110178

Author(s):

Dilara Yarbrough

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Transgender Women ◽

Service Organizations ◽

Survival Strategies ◽

Poor People ◽

Gender Policing ◽

Transitional Living ◽

Laws And Policies ◽

And Migration ◽

Racialized Gender

Based on interviews and ethnography, this article analyzes how racialized gender policing in public space and service organizations deprives transgender women of survival resources. Although transgender women are disproportionately the targets of enforcement, most studies of the criminalization of homelessness, drug use, sex work and migration exclude their experiences. Studies that do include transgender women often focus narrowly on anti-prostitution laws and enforcement, overlooking other laws and policies that contribute to criminalization and poverty. This article analyzes the confluence between policing of transgender women’s identities and survival strategies in public space and in agencies meant to serve poor people (including shelters, drug treatment facilities and transitional living programs). Laws regulating access to public space combine with rules regulating gender in service organizations to both criminalize and create transgender poverty. More broadly, the carceral production of transgender poverty demonstrates that criminalization is not only a consequence but also a cause of both poverty and inequality.

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Measurement invariance of the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and latent mean differences (SWEMWBS) in young people by current care status

Quality of Life Research ◽

10.1007/s11136-021-02896-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca Anthony ◽

Graham Moore ◽

Nicholas Page ◽

Gillian Hewitt ◽

Simon Murphy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Research Network ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Short Version ◽

Living Situation ◽

Children And Young People ◽

Mean Differences ◽

Children In Care

Abstract Purpose Studying mental wellbeing requires the use of reliable, valid, and practical assessment tools, such as the Short version of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS). Research on the mental wellbeing of children in care is sparse. The current study aims to: (1) examine the unidimensionality of SWEMWBS; (2) assess measurement invariance of SWEMWBS across children and young people in care compared to their peers not in care; and (3) investigate the latent factor mean differences between care status groups. Methods We used data from the 2017 School Health Research Network Student Health and Wellbeing (SHW) survey, completed by 103,971 students in years 7 to 11 from 193 secondary schools in Wales. The final data include a total of 2,795 participants (46% boys), which includes all children in care and a sub-sample of children not in care who completed the SWEMWBS scale fully and answered questions about their living situation. Results Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensionality of SWEMWBS. The SWEMWBS is invariant across groups of young people in foster, residential and kinship care compared to children and young people not in care at configural, metric and scalar levels. Findings from latent mean comparisons showed that young people in care reported lower mental wellbeing than their peers, with those in residential care reporting the lowest scores. Conclusions Findings suggest that SWEMWBS is a valid scale for measuring differences in mental wellbeing for young people in care similar to the population.

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Exploring Factors Associated with Functional Change and Predictors of Participation Improvement—A Two Years Follow-Up on People with Depression

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073439 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3439

Author(s):

Wen-Chou Chi ◽

Chia-Feng Yen ◽

Tsan-Hon Liou ◽

Kwang-Hwa Chang ◽

Hua-Fang Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Status ◽

Social Participation ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

General Function ◽

Living Situation ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Whodas 2.0 ◽

Household Activities

The purpose of this study is to understand the functional status distribution and to explore the factors associated with changes in functional status and social participation in people with depression using two-year follow-up data. Subjects were selected from the Taiwan Databank of Persons with Disabilities (TDPD) if they had an evaluation date between July 2012 and 31 December 2017. We used data for 1138 individuals with multiple evaluation records and who were diagnosed with depression. The WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) was the primary functional status measure. Other factors selected from the TDPD included social demographic data, living situation, employment status, economic status, and educational level. The results show scores in all dimensions of the WHODAS 2.0 declined over two years, especially in the domains of cognition, household activities, social participation, and total WHODAS 2.0 score. Aging groups showed poor recovery in cognition, getting along with others, and household activities. People living in suburban areas showed poorer recovery than people living in rural and urban areas in cognition, self-care, and general function (total score of WHODAS 2.0). Employment was also strongly associated with functional recovery in household activities, social participation, and general function. The original scores for cognition and getting along with others showed a significant negative relationship with social participation improvement. Our results can be used by policy makers to provide resources and conduct investigations, and by clinicians when making rehabilitation plans.

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Examining the experiences and quality of life of patients with an autism spectrum disorder detained in high secure psychiatric care

Advances in Autism ◽

10.1108/aia-02-2016-0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

David Murphy ◽

Hannah Mullens

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Care ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Living Situation ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Content Type ◽

Secure Psychiatric Care

Purpose Although individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represent a small proportion of forensic psychiatric patients as a group they present with specific difficulties and needs. There is also evidence that if detained individuals with an ASD experience particular difficulties within custodial environments as a result of a mismatch between the difficulties associated with their ASD and the environmental demands. The purpose of this paper is to explore the experience of individuals with an ASD admitted to a high secure psychiatric care (HSPC) hospital. Design/methodology/approach Using both a semi-structured interview and a quality of life self-report measure (the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile) the experiences and views of seven patients with an ASD detained in one HSPC hospital were qualitatively explored. Findings Whilst a diverse range of negative and positive aspects of being within HSPC were identified by patients interviewed, those with prison experience thought HSPC was a less stressful environment with more therapeutic opportunities. As a group, patients with an ASD reported a similar or significantly better quality of life in many domains (global, leisure, financial and living situation) compared to other detained forensic patient groups. Practical implications Although most patients with an ASD interviewed reported positive experiences, there are a number of practical improvements that could be made within the hospital to reduce experienced stress levels and perhaps improve therapeutic outcomes. Originality/value Within the context of the Department of Health's autism strategy (2010) and subsequent update think autism (2014), the survey highlights continued ASD awareness training for staff as important. In responding to the risks and needs of individuals with an ASD in HSPC there is further support for the development of an ASD specialist service.

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