scholarly journals Pasture Stocking Density and the Relationship to Animal Performance

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2005 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Hersom
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Animal Sciences

The pasture/livestock production enterprise should be viewed as an integrated production system. An important step in improving the production efficiency of the system is to consider the interrelationship between the cattle and the pasture forage supply. Management of stocking density is one such relationship between grazing cattle and pastures. The stocking density of Florida pastures can impact beef cattle production, forage production, and enterprise profitability. The overall goal of managing grazing animals is to utilize the forage that a pasture already produces to its optimum potential. This document is AN155, one of a series of the Department of Animal Sciences, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date August 2005. AN155/AN155: Pasture Stocking Density and the Relationship to Animal Performance (ufl.edu)

Beef Cattle Production and Trade

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Australian Experience

Beef Cattle Production and Trade covers all aspects of the beef industry from paddock to plate. It is an international text with an emphasis on Australian beef production, written by experts in the field. The book begins with an overview of the historical evolution of world beef consumption and introductory chapters on carcass and meat quality, market preparation and world beef production. North America, Brazil, China, South-East Asia and Japan are discussed in separate chapters, followed by Australian beef production, including feed lotting and live export. The remaining chapters summarise R&D, emphasising the Australian experience, and look at different production systems and aspects of animal husbandry such as health, reproduction, grazing, feeding and finishing, genetics and breeding, production efficiency, environmental management and business management. The final chapter examines various case studies in northern and southern Australia, covering feed demand and supply, supplements, pasture management, heifer and weaner management, and management of internal and external parasites.

scholarly journals Intensification: A Key Strategy to Achieve Great Animal and Environmental Beef Cattle Production Sustainability in Brachiaria Grasslands

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abmael da Silva Cardoso ◽  
Rondineli Pavezzi Barbero ◽  
Eliéder Prates Romanzini ◽  
Ronyatta Weich Teobaldo ◽  
Fernando Ongaratto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Beef Cattle Production

Intensification of tropical grassland can be a strategy to increase beef production, but methods for achieving this should maintain or reduce its environmental impact and should not compromise future food-producing capacity. The objective of this review was to discuss the aspects of grassland management, animal supplementation, the environment, and the socioeconomics of grassland intensification. Reducing environmental impact in the form of, for example, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is particularly important in Brazil, which is the second-largest beef producer in the world. Most Brazilian pastures, however, are degraded, representing a considerable opportunity for the mitigation and increase of beef-cattle production, and consequently increasing global protein supply. Moreover, in Brazil, forage production is necessary for seasonal feeding strategies that maintain animal performance during periods of forage scarcity. There are many options to achieve this objective that can be adopted alone or in association. These options include improving grassland management, pasture fertilization, and animal supplementation. Improving grazing management has the potential to mitigate GHG emissions through the reduction of the intensity of CO2 emissions, as well as the preservation of natural areas by reducing the need for expanding pastureland. Limitations to farmers adopting intensification strategies include cultural aspects and the lack of financial resources and technical assistance.

Structure of a dynamic simulation model for beef cattle production systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pang ◽  
M. Makarechian ◽  
J. A. Basarab ◽  
R. T. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Beef Cattle Production

A dynamic deterministic model for simulating beef cattle production systems is developed to evaluate the effects of production traits and management strategies on the bioeconomic efficiency of beef production systems. The model, named Alberta Beef Production Simulation System (ABPSS), is composed of four major submodels: herd inventory, nutrient requirement, forage production, and economic submodels. The herd inventory submodel is used to simulate population dynamics and feed requirements in the herd. The nutrient requirements submodel is mainly based on the 1996 version of the National Research Council (NRC). It is used to evaluate nutrients and feed requirements for calves and cows depending on their physiological status (maintenance, growth, lactation and gestation) and the climatic condition. The forage production sub-model is used to predict forage growth rate, cattle grazing rate, available forage biomass and total hectares required for grazing. The economic submodel measures bioeconomic efficiency, as net return per cow, by subtracting total cost from total return. The nutrient requirements predicted by ABPSS were compared with those recommended by the NRC for testing. The results that were predicted by the NRC model and ABPSS model were similar, as expected. Sensitivity analyses showed that cow mature weight, milk production, calf weaning weight and feed prices were the most critical input parameters in the model. It must be noted that the model was developed based on available experimental results and data from the literature and, due to the unavailability of a suitable data set, the model could not be validated. We suggest that the ABPSS has the potential for providing a useful method for simultaneous consideration of many factors in an integrated system, which could be helpful to beef cattle extension specialists and cow-calf production managers for assessing the potential effects of different management and selection strategies on bioeconomic efficiency. Key words: Beef cattle, simulation and modelling, production system, optimization

scholarly journals Forage characteristics and beef cattle production in perennial pastures of BRS Paiaguás and BRS Piatã in integrated crop livestock system

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 2979-2992
Author(s):  
Bianca Midori Souza Sekiya ◽  
◽  
Gelci Carlos Lupatini ◽  
Cristiana Andrighetto ◽  
Franciely de Oliveira Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Livestock System

The integrated crop-livestock system is highlighted in Brazilian agriculture, in which the synergism between the components can increase productivity and animal performance. Forage is one of the most important components because it is the basis of animal feed. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the beef cattle production and pastures characteristics of Urochloa brizantha ‘BRS Piatã’ and ‘BRS Paiaguás’, under continuous grazing in an integrated crop livestock system. The experiment was conducted in west of Sao Paulo State, in a randomized complete block design with two treatments and three replicates, from October 2018 to June 2019. The treatments were 3-year-old pastures of BRS Piatã and Paiaguás, in an integrated crop livestock system with perennial pasture and soybean. Nellore steers (14 ± 2 months old and 244 ± 13 kg initial weight) were used. The grazing method adopted was a continuous stocking with a variable rate to maintain a pasture height of 30 cm. Herbage mass was 5716 and 5480 kg dry matter ha-1 for Piatã and Paiaguás, respectively. The crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were similar between the two cultivars. The leaf blade mass of BRS Piatã was greater than that of BRS Paiaguás in summer. Animal performance was similar between treatments, with average daily gain of 0.901 and 0.822 kg day-1 and weight gain per area of 888 and 865 kg ha-1 in Piatã and Paiaguás, respectively. The BRS Piatã and BRS Paiaguás grasses are indicated for use in perennial pastures in integrated crop livestock systems.

scholarly journals Beef cattle production in established integrated systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érick Lemes Gamarra ◽  
Maria Da Graça Morais ◽  
Roberto Giolo de Almeida ◽  
Natália Aguiar Paludetto ◽  
Mariana Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Integrated Systems ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Daily Gain

The aim of the current study is to assess three integrated systems presenting different eucalyptus tree densities due to animal and forage production. The following integrated systems were assessed: crop-livestock-forest with 357 eucalyptus trees ha-1 (ICLF1); crop-livestock-forest with 227 eucalyptus trees ha-1 (ICLF2); and crop-livestock with 5 remnant native trees ha-1 (ICL). The randomized block experimental design was applied in a split-plot scheme with four replicates. The Average Daily Gain (ADG, g animal-1day-1) and the live-weight gain per area (LWG, kg ha-1) were applied to analyze animal performance, which was set by weighing the animals every 28 days (the animals previously fasted for 16h). Forage yield was higher in ICL during fall and winter; in summer, it did not differ from ICLF2. There was no forage yield difference between the ICL and ICLF2 systems in any of the assessed seasons; summer was more productive in ILPF1 than other seasons. The highest leaf crude protein contents (CP) in summer was recorded in systems ICLF1 and ICLF2, and the highest value recorded in fall was found in ILPF1; the lowest was found in ILP. On the other hand, the highest leaf NDF contents in summer were found in ILP. The highest ADG were found in summer. The highest LWG values recorded for the ICL and ICLF2 systems were collected in summer and fall; there was no difference in any of the three systems in winter. The LWG was higher in all system in summer. The ICLF2 emerged as the system (with trees) most appropriate for beef cattle production. Despite the shading interference on forage production, such condition is compensated by the best nutritional contents such as CP. The ICLF2 system allowing an annual LWG of 83% in relation to the ICL system during the fifth year of establishment of the systems.

scholarly journals IMPACTOS TÉCNICO-ECONÔMICOS DA ADUBAÇÃO DE PASTOS

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral ◽  
Carla Heloisa Avelino Cabral ◽  
Alyce Raiana Monteiro Santos ◽  
Aline Müller Motta ◽  
Lucas Gimenes Mota
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Pasture Fertilization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Improve Production Efficiency

A criação de bovinos no Brasil ocorre, prioritariamente, em pastagens e, neste contexto, a adubação do pasto é uma importante estratégia de aumento na eficiência produtiva. Diante disso, objetivou-se, com esta revisão, descrever os impactos técnicos da adubação no desenvolvimento de gramíneas tropicais. A calagem é uma prática importante na disponibilidade dos nutrientes e, novos estudos visam demonstrar que o intervalo entre a incorporação do calcário e a semeadura tem maior dependência da umidade do solo e que é possível reduzir este período que tradicionalmente é de 60 a 90 dias. A adubação fosfatada tem maior impacto sobre a implantação do que a manutenção do pasto, e quando negligenciada na formação do pasto, observa-se um efeito residual sobre a rebrota. O nitrogênio e o potássio são os nutrientes mais extraídos na manutenção dos pastos, o que se torna importante o estudo da relação entre estes nutrientes, bem como a adoção da adubação potássica em sistemas em que a adubação nitrogenada é uma prática rotineira. A varredura, que consiste na mistura de sobras de fertilizantes em galpões, embora tenha baixo custo por quilo de produto, o uso pode ser antieconômico, o que depende da composição do insumo adquirido. Palavras-chave: calagem; fertilização de pastos; formação de pastagens.   Technical and economic impacts of pasture fertilization   ABSTRACT: Cattle production on Brazil priority occurs in grasslands, in this context, pasture fertilization is an important strategy to improve production efficiency. Therefore, the aim with this review is to describe the technical impacts of fertilization on tropical grass development. Liming is an important practice in nutrient availability and new studies aim to demonstrate that the interval between limestone incorporation and seeding has more dependence on soil moisture, and that is possible to reduce this period, which traditionally is from 60 to 90 days. Phosphate fertilization has a greater impact on pasture implantation than maintenance, and when neglected in pasture formation, there is a residual effect on regrowth. Nitrogen and potassium are the nutrients extracted on pasture maintenance, which makes it important to study the relationship between these nutrients, as well as the adoption of potassium fertilization in systems where nitrogen fertilization is a routine practice. Mixing leftover fertilizers in warehouses, although it has a low cost per kilo of product, the use can be uneconomical, which depends on the input composition purchased. Keywords: liming; pasture fertilization; pasture implantation.

Supplementation of finishing Nellore steers during dry season using byproducts

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 119-119
Author(s):  
A. A. Souza ◽  
C. Boin ◽  
A. J. Lourenço ◽  
M. Q. Manella ◽  
L. Suguisawa
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Tropical Pasture ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Beef Cattle Production

Beef cattle production based in tropical pasture has a period of low daily weight gains during dry seasons, because the lowest quality and quantity pastures in this period. This study evaluated the effects of protein supplementation in animal performance and carcass characteristics of Nellore cattle on tropical pasture.

scholarly journals Environmental Production Efficiency in the European Union Countries as a Tool for the Implementation of Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4593
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Cheba ◽  
Iwona Bąk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
The European Union ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Taxonomic Methods ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The main purpose of the paper is to present a proposal to measure the relationships between Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and one of the areas considered in the green growth concept: environmental production efficiency. Both of these areas illustrate the relationship between the natural environment and the economy, emphasizing transformations in the field of energy use. Selected taxonomic methods, TOPSIS, and multicriteria taxonomy, were applied to study the relationships between the two areas. The results of the EU countries classification showed a variety of countries’ development pathways within a single economic community. Despite continued attempts to equalize the development levels between European Union countries in many strategic areas, they remain highly diversified. That is also true for the areas analyzed in the paper, which is a disturbing situation, indicating that both strategies might not correlate in all respects. Further research into the relationships linking the remaining dimensions of both strategies is required.

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