scholarly journals Indicators used in measuring poverty under the multidimentional approach: a case study in Quang Ngai province

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Huynh Dinh Phat
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
National Database ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Access To Health Services

Since the concept of multidimensional poverty was initiated in Sen’s works, coupled with the national database providing increasingly complete information on meeting the basic needs of the society, the measurement and evaluation of multidimensional poverty have become popular and attracted the attention of many researchers. The multidimensional poverty line can be based on indicators that are not related to incomes or expenditures. However, it includes other dimensions such as the lack of basic social services. Hence, measuring and implementing poverty reduction policies under the multidimensional approach should be comprehensive in all aspects and cover fields such as education, health, and living conditions (including housing, water supply, possession of sustainable assets, etc.). Since 2016, Quang Ngai province has changed from using the unidimensional to multidimensional poverty measurement method following Decision No. 59/2015/QD-TTg on the multidimensional approach poverty lines applicable for the period 2016-2020. From studies and consultation with experts and researchers in the field of poverty reduction, 11 indicators suitable for measuring multidimensional poverty in Quang Ngai province were proposed, including education level of adults; school attendance of children; access to health services; health insurance, social assistance; child mortality; nutrition; housing quality; fuel used for cooking; water supply sources; toilets; and the possession of sustainable assets.

scholarly journals New multidimensional approaches to poverty measurement in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Adela Delalić ◽  
Rabija Somun-Kapetanović ◽  
Emina Resić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Durable Goods ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Poverty Measures ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Poverty Indicators

AbstractUnlike the standard unidimensional poverty indices, based mostly on monetary poverty measures, multidimensional poverty indices may include numerous non-monetary poverty indicators. This study utilized fuzzy and Alkire – Foster (AF) and fuzzy methodology to assess the poverty level in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) and to compare the results with official poverty assessments. In addition to consumption as a monetary measure, we constructed AF and fuzzy indices by including numerous non-monetary measures that indicate housing quality, possession of durable goods and the household structure. AF multidimensional indices for B&H are calculated based on data from Household Budget Surveys (2004, 2007 and 2011) and fuzzy poverty indices are calculated based on data from HBS 2011. This research has found the differences in the values, direction and dynamics between unidimensional and multidimensional approaches to poverty measurement. Authors state that it is not sufficient to base the creation of more efficient social policies and poverty reduction strategies exclusively on unidimensional indices that address just one dimension of poverty.

scholarly journals Assessment of multi-dimensional poverty in Quang Ngai province

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Phát Đinh Huỳnh
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Poverty Status

According to the multidimensional poverty line applied for the period 2016 - 2020, the quality of life of impoverished people in Quang Ngai province was dramatically low, forcing residents to face up to a serious shortage of basic social needs. Poverty in terms of their income was the main factor in the poverty structure of Quang Ngai province (generally over 90% of the total poor households). By 2020, the number of poor households who missed the criteria of hygienic toilets was the highest, accounting for 59.59% of the total number of poor households. The figures for the inaccessibility of the marginalized to basic needs were disproportionately high, with 40.64% people lacking telecommunications services such as telephones or the Internet, 40.59% using unhygienic water sources, 35.09% having a housing area per capita of less than 8 square meters and 33.53% living in temporary houses. The indicator with the least deficiency rate was the children’s schooling status and access to health services. However, the number of households whose members did not possess health insurance was extremely high, which might potentially bear the risk of households falling back into the poverty status when a member of the family gets a disease. Changes in multidimensional poverty show that although urban areas have a high rate of people escaping from poverty, the rate of households falling back to poverty status is also higher than that of rural areas; The rate of households falling into poverty in rural areas is much higher than that in urban areas. The Covid 19 pandemic and natural disasters which occurred in 2020 also significantly contributed to increasing the number of poor households. In order to reduce poverty and improve people's capacity to access basic social services, Quang Ngai province needs to pay attention to creating livelihoods, promoting the achievements of education universalization and the health insurance system, and improving the efficiency of investment in infrastructure on the basis of integrating the Target Programs.

scholarly journals Gender poverty gap in Russia: absolute vs. multidimensional concepts

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-155
Author(s):  
Irina Denisova ◽  
Marina Kartseva
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Social Program ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Absolute Income

Poverty is rather high in contemporary Russia: every eighth Russian was poor according to the official statistics in 2018. Fighting poverty is among the top strategic development goals for the period till 2024. The paper studies gender disparities in poverty among Russian adults. Better understanding of gender structure of poverty in Russia would facilitate poverty reduction via better targeting and better tailoring of policy instruments. We utilize micro data of the Survey of income and social program participation by Rosstat as of 2017 for our statistical analysis. Two alternative poverty concepts are used: absolute income poverty (the official methodology of poverty measurement in Russia) and poverty risk and social exclusion index (the key component of poverty monitoring indicator in the EU). The latter index is a composition of relative poverty and deprivation poverty measures. Our results indicate that, on average, there is no gender poverty gap in Russia when absolute poverty concept is used: poverty rates among males and females are the same on average. Hence, we find no statistical support to the widely used by the media thesis of poverty feminization in Russia. Absolute poverty rate, however, is found to vary significantly across different gender-age groups: absolute income poverty among females is higher than among males in young and senior ages, while males are poorer in mid-age groups. When multiple criteria definition of poverty and social exclusion (AROPE) is applied, we find clear signs of feminization of poverty in Russia. Multidimensional poverty is much higher among females, and this is observed in all age groups. The highest gender poverty gap is observed in senior ages. The age-gender poverty structure changes dramatically when we move from absolute poverty concept to the multidimensional one: we observe higher share of females in poverty, and higher share of senior people in poverty. The key determinants of higher multidimensional poverty of females is their relatively (to males) lower wages, and relatively lower pensions.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impacts of Smallholder Farmer’s Participation in Modern Agricultural Value Chain Tactics for Facilitating Poverty Alleviation—A Case Study of Kiwifruit Industry in Shaanxi, China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Xiaolei Wang ◽  
Apurbo Sarkar ◽  
Lu Qian
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reduction Degree ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Storage Technology

Market-based initiatives like agriculture value chain (AVC) are becoming progressively pervasive to support smallholder rural farmers and assist them in entering larger market interventions and providing a pathway of enhancing their socioeconomic well-being. Moreover, it may also foster staggering effects towards the post-era poverty alleviation in rural areas and possessed a significant theoretical and practical influence for modern agricultural development. The prime objective of the study is to explore the effects of smallholder farmers’ participation in the agricultural value chain for availing rural development and poverty alleviation. Specifically, we have crafted the assessment employing pre-production (improved fertilizers usage), in-production (modern preservation technology), and post-production (supply chain) participation and interventions of smallholder farmers. The empirical data has been collected from a micro survey dataset of 623 kiwifruit farmers from July to September in Shaanxi, China. We have employed propensity score matching (PSM), probit, and OLS models to explore the multidimensional poverty reduction impact and heterogeneity of farmers’ participation in the agricultural value chain. The results show that the total number of poor farmers who have experienced one-dimensional and two-dimensional poverty is relatively high (66.3%). We also find that farmers’ participation in agricultural value chain activities has a significant poverty reduction effect. The multidimensional poverty level of farmers using improved fertilizer, organizational acquisition, and using storage technology (compared with non-participating farmers) decreased by 30.1%, 46.5%, and 25.0%, respectively. The multidimensional poverty reduction degree of male farmers using improved fertilizer and participating in the organizational acquisition is greater than that of women. The multidimensional poverty reduction degree of female farmers using storage and fresh-keeping technology has a greater impact than the males using storage and improved storage technology. Government should widely promote the value chain in the form of pre-harvest, production, and post-harvest technology. The public–private partnership should also be strengthened for availing innovative technologies and infrastructure development.

scholarly journals Measuring Vulnerability to Multidimensional Poverty

2019 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Gallardo
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Multidimensional Space ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vulnerability Indicators ◽  
Vulnerability To Poverty

Abstract A method to measure vulnerability to multidimensional poverty is proposed under a mean–risk behaviour approach. We extend the unidimensional downside mean–semideviation measurement of vulnerability to poverty towards the multidimensional space by incorporating this approach into Alkire and Foster’s multidimensional counting framework. The new approach is called the vulnerability to multidimensional poverty index (VMPI), alluding to the fact that it can be used to assess vulnerability to poverty measured by the multidimensional poverty index (MPI). The proposed family of vulnerability indicators can be estimated using cross-sectional data and can include both binary and metric welfare indicators. It is flexible enough to be applied for measuring vulnerability in a wide range of MPI designs, including the Global MPI. An empirical application of the VMPI and its related indicators is illustrated using the official MPI of Chile as the reference poverty measurement. The estimates are performed using the National Socioeconomic Characterisation Survey (CASEN) for the year 2017.

scholarly journals Contrasting Monetary and Multidimensional Poverty Measures in a Low-Income Sub-Saharan African Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Salecker ◽  
Anar K. Ahmadov ◽  
Leyla Karimli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Analytical Strategy ◽  
Poverty Risk ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Over Time

AbstractDespite significant progress in poverty measurement, few studies have undertaken an in-depth comparison of monetary and multidimensional measures in the context of low-income countries and fewer still in Sub-Saharan Africa. Yet the differences can be particularly consequential in these settings. We address this gap by applying a distinct analytical strategy to the case of Rwanda. Using data from two waves of the Rwandan Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey, we combine comparing poverty rates cross-sectionally and over time, examining the overlaps and differences in the two measures, investigating poverty rates within population sub-groups, and estimating several statistical models to assess the differences between the two measures in identifying poverty risk factors. We find that using a monetary measure alone does not capture high incidence of multidimensional poverty in both waves, that it is possible to be multidimensional poor without being monetary poor, and that using a monetary measure alone overlooks significant change in multidimensional poverty over time. The two measures also differ in which poverty risk factors they put emphasis on. Relying only on monetary measures in low-income sub-Saharan Africa can send inaccurate signals to policymakers regarding the optimal design of social policies as well as monitoring their effectiveness.

Poverty reduction by improving health and social services in Vietnam

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan. Gien ◽  
Sharon Taylor ◽  
Ken Barter ◽  
Nguyen Tiep ◽  
Bui X. Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Health And Social Services

scholarly journals Multidimensional Poverty Measurement in Pakistan :Time Series Trends and Breakdown

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (4II) ◽  
pp. 493-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taseer Salahuddin ◽  
Asad Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rational Agents ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Measurement ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Right

In the recent literature, consensus has emerged that poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon; see Alkire and Santos (2010) for a review of the major arguments. Nonetheless, the most widely used measures of poverty remain unidimensional, being based on income or caloric intake cutoffs. The logic for the use of income based measures was that it was only lack of income which led to deprivation—with sufficient income; rational agents would automatically eliminate deprivations in all dimensions in the right sequence of priorities. However, careful studies like Thorbecke (2005) and Banerjee and Duflo (2006) show that this does not happen. Even while malnourished and underfed, the poor spend significant portions of their budgets on festivals, weddings, alcohol, tobacco and other non-essential items. The move from abstract theoretical speculation based on mathematical models of human behaviour to experiments and observations of actual behaviour has led to dramatic changes in the understanding of poverty and how to alleviate it. Some of these insights are encapsulated in a new approach to poverty advocated by Banerjee and Duflo (2011).

scholarly journals Understanding Structure of Poverty Dimensions in East Java: Bicluster Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Yuniarto ◽  
Robert Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
View Point ◽  
Dimensional Matrix ◽  
Clustering Patterns

Poverty is still become a main problem for Indonesia, where recently, the view point of poverty is not just from income or consumption, but it’s defined multidimensionally. The understanding of the structure of multidimensional poverty is essential to government to develop policies for poverty reduction. This paper aims to describe the structure of poverty in East Java by using variables forming the dimensions of poverty and to investigate any clustering patterns in the region of East Java with considering the poverty variables using biclustering method. Biclustering is an unsupervised technique in data mining where we are grouping scalars from the two-dimensional matrix. Using bicluster analysis, we found two bicluster where each bicluster has different characteristics.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v6i2.4769

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