scholarly journals EFFICACY OF TWO PIEZOELECTRIC ULTRASONIC SCALERS WITH HAND INSTRUMENTATION: A PROFILOMETRIC AND SEM STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sruthy Noble ◽  
Dr. Nisha K. J. ◽  
Dr. Parichaya Batra ◽  
Dr. Shyam Padmanabhan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
P Value ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hand Instrumentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: The goal of the present study was to compare the efficacy of two piezoelectric scalers with hand instrumentation in calculus removal, loss of tooth substance and roughness created on root surface. Methods: 90 freshly extracted non-carious, non-restored single rooted teeth with hopeless periodontal prognosis were included in the study. They were divided into three groups of 30 teeth each i.e. Group 1,Group 2 and Group 3 where instrumentation was done using two piezoelectric scalers- Piezoelectric scaler A & Piezoelectric scaler B and Gracey curette respectively. Specimens were subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) & Profilometric analysis to evaluate the root surface roughness created by these three instruments. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in Remaining calculus index (RCI) in the three experimental groups with hand instrument being least effective in removing calculus when compared to the piezoelectric scalers(p≤0.05). There was significant difference in mean Loss of tooth substance index(LTSI) and Roughness loss of tooth substance index (RLTSI) scores when compared in the three groups (p value =0.002). Both SEM and profilometric analysis showed that Piezoelectric scaler A and Piezoelectric scaler B caused less root surface roughness compared to hand instruments. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that scaling and root planing using both piezoelectric scalers and hand instruments were effective in mechanical debridement of the root surface. However, piezoelectric instruments gave smoother root surface than hand instruments and were also more efficient in calculus removal. Key words: Dental scaling, Root planing, Ultrasonics, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Dental calculus

scholarly journals Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of the Anterior Capsulotomy Edge: A Comparative Study between Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Capsulotomy and Manual Capsulorhexis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Tognetto ◽  
Chiara De Giacinto ◽  
Alberto Armando Perrotta ◽  
Tommaso Candian ◽  
Alessandro Bova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Surface Irregularity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To compare the capsule edges ultrastructure obtained by two femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) platforms and manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Setting. Eye Clinic, University of Trieste, Italy. Design. Experimental comparative study. Methods. 150 anterior capsules were collected and divided into three groups as follows: Group 1 (50 capsules) obtained with manual CCC, Groups 2 and 3 (each with 50 capsules) obtained with the Catalys Laser and the LenSx Laser, respectively. All samples were imaged by means of SEM and regularity of the cut surface, and thickness of the capsule edge were evaluated and compared. Results. All femtosecond laser (FSL) capsules were perfectly circular, whereas some alteration of the circular shape was observed in the manual ones. Group 1 showed a smooth and regular capsule edge without any surface irregularity, conversely Groups 2 and 3 showed postage-stamp perforations on the capsule edge. The cut surface irregularity value in Group 2 was 1.4 ± 0.63, while it was 0.7 ± 0.49 in Group 3 (p<0.05). Group 1 had a significantly lower thickness of the capsule edge than the FSL groups (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference in the capsule edge thickness between the FSL groups was found (p=0.244). Conclusions. Despite the presence of slight cut surface irregularities, both FSL capsulotomies showed a better geometry and circularity than the manual ones. Capsulotomy specimens obtained using both FSL capsulotomies showed laser-induced alterations of the capsule edge when compared with smooth and regular edges obtained using manual CCC.

scholarly journals Effects of Long Durations of RF–Magnetron Sputtering Deposition of Hydroxyapatite on Titanium Dental Implants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Nabeel Safi ◽  
Basima Mohammed Ali Hussein ◽  
Hikmat J. Aljudy ◽  
Mustafa S. Tukmachi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
P Value ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Objectives Dental implant is a revolution in dentistry; some shortages are still a focus of research. This study use long duration of radiofrequency (RF)–magnetron sputtering to coat titanium (Ti) implant with hydroxyapatite (HA) to obtain a uniform, strongly adhered in a few micrometers in thickness. Materials and Methods Two types of substrates: discs and root form cylinders were prepared using a grade 1 commercially pure (CP) Ti rod. A RF–magnetron sputtering device was used to coat specimens with HA. Magnetron sputtering was set at 150 W for 22 hours at 100°C under continuous argon gas flow and substrate rotation at 10 rpm. Coat properties were evaluated via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, atomic force microscopy, and Vickers hardness (VH). Student’s t-test was used. Results All FESEM images showed a homogeneous, continuous, and crack-free HA coat with a rough surface. EDX analysis revealed inclusion of HA particles within the substrate surface in a calcium (Ca)/phosphorus (P) ratio (16.58/11.31) close to that of HA. Elemental and EDX analyses showed Ca, Ti, P, and oxygen within Ti. The FESEM views at a cross-section of the substrate showed an average of 7 µm coat thickness. Moreover, these images revealed a dense, compact, and uniform continuous adhesion between the coat layer and the substrate. Roughness result indicated highly significant difference between uncoated Ti and HA coat (p-value < 0.05). A significant improvement in the VH value was observed when coat hardness was compared with the Ti substrate hardness (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion Prolonged magnetron sputtering successfully coat Ti dental implants with HA in micrometers thickness which is well adhered essentially in excellent osseointegration.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Enamel Surface Roughness from Different Polishing Methods: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Kiatanan Sugsompian ◽  
Ratchawan Tansalarak ◽  
Thosapol Piyapattamin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Objective This study aimed to compare the enamel surface roughness created by four polishing methods after debonding, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Materials and Methods Four experimental polishing groups (Sof-Lex disc, SD; sandblaster, SB; tungsten carbide bur, TB; and white stone bur, WB) and one control group were selected from 100 premolars (n = 20/group). The experimental teeth were bonded with a bracket, thermocycled, and debonded. Residual adhesive was removed by either of the respective methods. Pre and postdebonding root mean square (Rq) values were obtained from AFM evaluations. All specimens were examined and evaluated with SEM using a modified enamel surface index (modified ESI). Statistical Analysis Differences among the polishing methods were compared with analysis of variance and Fisher’s least significant difference test at p < 0.05. Results Both microscopic evaluations indicated that the surface with the greatest roughness herein belonged to the SD group, followed by that for SB, TB, and WB groups. AFM measurements indicated a maximum postdebonding Rq herein for the WB group and a significantly greater surface roughness for the TB and WB groups than for the SD and SB groups. Among the experimental groups, SEM followed by modified ESI evaluations revealed similar data to those obtained with AFM. Significant differences were seen among all paired groups, except for that between the SB and TB groups. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, all four polishing methods were concluded to be clinically acceptable for removing residual orthodontic adhesives.

Scanning Electron Microscopy and Roughness Study of Dental Composite Degradation

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Eduardo Silva Soares ◽  
Louise Ribeiro Cortez ◽  
Raquel de Oliveira Zarur ◽  
Airton Abrahão Martin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractOur aim was to test the hypothesis that the use of mouthwashes, consumption of soft drinks, as well as the type of light curing unit (LCU), would change the surface roughness (Ra) and morphology of a nanofilled composite resin (Z350® 3M ESPE). Samples (80) were divided into eight groups: Halogen LCU, group 1, saliva (control); group 2, Pepsi Twist®; group 3, Listerine®; group 4, Colgate Plax®; LED LCU, group 5, saliva; group 6, Pepsi Twist®; group 7, Listerine®; group 8, Colgate Plax®. Ra values were measured at baseline, and after 7 and 14 days. One specimen of each group was prepared for scanning electron microscopy analysis after 14 days. The data were subjected to multifactor analysis of variance at a 95% confidence followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference post-hoc test. All the treatments resulted in morphological changes in composite resin surface, and the most significant change was in Pepsi Twist® groups. The samples of G6 had the greatest increase in Ra. The immersion of nanofilled resin in mouthwashes with alcohol and soft drink increases the surface roughness. Polymerization by halogen LCU (reduced light intensity) associated with alcohol contained mouthwash resulted in significant roughness on the composite.

scholarly journals Morphologic analysis, by means of scanning electron microscopy, of the effect of Er: YAG laser on root surfaces submitted to scaling and root planing

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Helena Theodoro ◽  
Valdir Gouveia Garcia ◽  
Patrícia Haypek ◽  
Denise Maria Zezell ◽  
Carlos de Paula Eduardo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Root Surfaces ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to morphologically evaluate, by means of scanning electron microscopy, the effects of Er:YAG laser on the treatment of root surfaces submitted to scaling and root planing with conventional periodontal instruments. Eighteen root surfaces (n = 18), which had been previously scaled and planed, were assigned to 3 groups (n = 6). The control Group (G1) received no further treatment; Group 2 (G2) was irradiated with Er:YAG laser (2.94 mum), with 47 mJ/10 Hz, in a focused mode with air/water spray during 15 s and with 0.57 J/cm² of fluency per pulse; Group 3 (G 3) was irradiated with Er:YAG laser (2.94 mum), with 83 mJ/10 Hz, in a focused mode with air/water spray during 15 s and with 1.03 J/cm² of fluency per pulse. We concluded that the parameters adopted for Group 3 removed the smear layer from the root surface, exposing the dentinal tubules. Although no fissures, cracks or carbonized areas were observed, an irregular surface was produced by Er:YAG laser irradiation. Thus, the biocompatibility of the irradiated root surface, within the periodontal healing process, must be assessed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Two Irrigants Used with Self-Adjusting File System on Smear Layer: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özgür Genç Şen ◽  
Sadullah Kaya ◽  
Özgür Er ◽  
Tayfun Alaçam
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Mechanical instrumentation of root canals produces a smear layer that adversely affects the root canal seal. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of MTAD and citric acid solutions used with self-adjusting file (SAF) system on smear layer. Twenty-three single-rooted human teeth were used for the study. Canals were instrumented manually up to a number 20 K file size. SAF was used to prepare the root canals. The following groups were studied: Group 1: MTAD + 5.25% NaOCl, Group 2: 20% citric acid + 5.25% NaOCl, and Group 3: Control (5.25% NaOCl). All roots were split longitudinally and subjected to scanning electron microscopy. The presence of smear layer in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds was evaluated using a five-score evaluation system. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. In the coronal third, Group 2 exhibited the best results and was statistically different froms the other groups (P<0.05). There was not a significant difference among the three thirds of groups according to in-group comparisons (P>0.05). The solutions used in Group 1 and 2 could effectively remove smear layer in most of the specimens. However, citric acid was more effective than MTAD in the three thirds of the canal.

scholarly journals Resistance to Dislodgement of REBILDA® Post System to Intraradicular Dentin

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Daphne Ross DDS ◽  
Carlos E. Filloy Esna DDS ◽  
Juan Carlos Ramírez-Barrantes DDS, MSD, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Root Reinforcement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Push Out ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Currently there is controversy in the literature about clinical and adhesive effectiveness with respect to adhesive systems aimed to  root reinforcement. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the Push-Out bond strength between the Rebilda® post system and the intraradicular dentine. Thus, 28 unirradicular teeth were used, cut and standardized in 16 mm. The root segments were submitted to endodontic treatment; and then randomly divided into two groups, Group 1 (n = 14): Rebilda® DC + Futurabond DC; Group 2 (n = 14): RelyX ARC + Adper Scothbond Multipurpose Plus. Ten specimens from each group were submitted  to the Push-Out Test. The remaining 4 specimens from each group were prepared for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in order to evaluate the formation of resinous extensions at the post-cement-dentin interface. Group 2 showed better results when compared to Group 1 regarding bond strength and in formation of resinous extensions or tags, but there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). It was concluded that the REBILDA® Post System promotes adequate bond strength to intraradicular dentin.

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