Convolutional Neural Network-Based Regression for Predicting the Chloride Ion Diffusion Coefficient of Concrete

Chloride resistant HPC and protective cover are two basic measurements to improve the durability of concrete in chloride environment. Though it provides crucial cover for concrete to resist chloride ions, spacer has limited chloride resistant ability, which is overlooked by past researchers. Cementitious spacers are easy access for chloride ions to penetrate into concrete resulting in reduction of structural durability. To improve cementitious spacers’ performance, a systematic study was conducted. Test results showed that there was major difference between mortar and concrete in terms of chloride coulomb electric flux but minor difference in terms of chloride ion diffusion coefficient, which implied using chloride ion diffusion coefficient as spacer’s durability indicator was preferable; parameters of mix design had a similar influence on mortar and concrete and, with the same mixing parameters, the strength and chloride resistant ability of mortar were weaker than concrete’s; it was feasible to develop the mix design of chloride resistant cementitious spacers based on concrete’s design method with certain adjustments, such as using stricter mix proportion, adding small-size coarse aggregate, lowering water-binder ratio and optimizing the binder proportion, to achieve higher strength and durability.

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Evaluation of Chloride-Ion Diffusion Characteristics of Wave Power Marine Concrete Structures

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14195675 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (19) ◽

pp. 5675

Author(s):

Changhyuck Lim ◽

Gyuyong Kim ◽

Gyeongtae Kim ◽

Bokyeong Lee ◽

Youngduck Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Concrete Structures ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Wave Power ◽

Ion Diffusion ◽

Chloride Ion Penetration ◽

Chloride Attack ◽

Marine Concrete ◽

Chloride Ion Diffusion

Wave power marine concrete structures generate electrical energy using waves. They are exposed to a multi-deterioration environment because of air and hydrostatic pressure and chloride attack. In this study, the effect of air pressure repeatedly generated by water level change of wave power marine concrete structures on the chloride-ion diffusion of marine concrete was analyzed. The chloride-ion diffusion of wave power marine concrete structures was evaluated. The results show that the air chamber and bypass room, which were subjected to repetitive air pressures caused by water level changes, showed a higher water-soluble chloride-ion content compared to the generator room and docking facility, which were subjected to atmospheric pressure. Field exposure tests and indoor chloride attack tests were performed using fabricated specimens to analyze the effect of pressure on chloride-ion penetration. It was confirmed that Portland blast furnace slag had a greater inhibitory effect on chloride-ion penetration than ordinary Portland cement. The concrete specimens subjected to pressure showed increased capillary pores and micro-cracks. We devised an equation for calculating the diffusion coefficient based on measured data and estimating the diffusion coefficient for the location receiving repeated air pressure by using the diffusion coefficient of the location receiving general atmospheric pressure.

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Experimental Study on Chloride Ion Diffusion in Concrete under Uniaxial and Biaxial Sustained Stress

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13245717 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 5717

Author(s):

Xiaokang Cheng ◽

Jianxin Peng ◽

C.S. Cai ◽

Jianren Zhang

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Compressive Stress ◽

Stress Level ◽

Chloride Concentration ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Chloride Ions ◽

Chloride Diffusion ◽

Chloride Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Ion Diffusion ◽

Chloride Ion Diffusion

The existence of axial and lateral compressive stress affect the diffusion of chloride ions in concrete will lead to the performance degradation of concrete structure. This paper experimentally studied the chloride diffusivity properties of uniaxial and biaxial sustained compressive stress under one-dimensional chloride solution erosion. The influence of different sustained compressive stress states on chloride ion diffusivity is evaluated by testing chloride concentration in concrete. The experiment results show that the existence of sustained compressive stress does not always inhibit the diffusion of chloride ions in concrete, and the numerical value of sustained compressive stress level can affect the diffusion law of chloride ions in concrete. It is found that the chloride concentration decreases most when the lateral compressive stress level is close to 0.15 times the compressive strength of concrete. In addition, the sustained compressive stress has a significant effect on chloride ion diffusion of concrete with high water/cement ratio. Then, the chloride diffusion coefficient model under uniaxial and biaxial sustained compressive stress is established based on the apparent chloride diffusion coefficient. Finally, the results demonstrate that the chloride diffusion coefficient model is reasonable and feasible by comparing the experimental data in the opening literature with the calculated values from the developed model.

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A novel short-term immersion test to determine the chloride ion diffusion coefficient of cementitious materials

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.086 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 169-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Byoungsun Park ◽

Seung Yup Jang ◽

Jae-Yeol Cho ◽

Jae Young Kim

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Cementitious Materials ◽

Ion Diffusion ◽

Short Term ◽

Chloride Ion Diffusion

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Influence of Concrete with Lithium-Slag and Steel Slag by early Curing Conditions

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.599.52 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 599 ◽

pp. 52-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fu Fei Wu ◽

Ke Bin Shi ◽

Shuang Kuai Dong

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Water Solution ◽

Steel Slag ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Ion Diffusion ◽

Binder Ratio ◽

Water To Binder Ratio ◽

Lithium Slag ◽

Chloride Ion Diffusion

Using industrial waste (lithium-slag and steel-slag) for the preparation of high-performance concrete, and the same mix proportion’s concrete are cured using six kinds method, which is cured to the required age later and tests its chloride ion diffusion coefficient by RCM method. The results show that: the chloride ion diffusion coefficient of 28d and 84d decreases with the lower water-binder ratio. It can achieve RCM-Ⅴ grade when the water to binder ratio is 0.27. The admixtures total of 275-350kg/m3 is appropriate when the water to binder ratio is constant.The diffusion of water conservation,water solution with 5% Nacl after 7d water conservation,water solution with 5% Nacl after 14d water conservation,water solution with 5% Nacl after 7d in water conservation and water solution with 5% Nacl after 14d in water conservation is 1.5, 3.1, 2.5, 2.8 and 2.3 times than standard conservation , so the effect of early different curing ways to HPC can not be ignored.

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PROPOSAL OF ESTIMATION METHOD FOR APPARENT CHLORIDE ION DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT AT REFORM PART BY SILICATE TYPE SURFACE PENETRANT AND TRIAL CALCULATION FOR CORROSION OCCURRENCE TIME

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Ser E2 (Materials and Concrete Structures) ◽

10.2208/jscejmcs.71.124 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 124-134

Author(s):

Daichi KUROIWA ◽

Shinichi MIYAZATO

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Ion Diffusion ◽

Occurrence Time ◽

Chloride Ion Diffusion

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The difference in chloride ion diffusion coefficient of concrete made with drinking water and wastewater

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117182 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 231 ◽

pp. 117182 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mohammad Sheikh Hassani ◽

Gholamreza Asadollahfardi ◽

Seyed Fazlolah Saghravani ◽

Sahar Jafari ◽

Fahimeh Sadat Peighambarzadeh

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Ion Diffusion ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

The Difference ◽

Chloride Ion Diffusion

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Influence of Pore Size and Fatigue Loading on NaCl Transport Properties in C-S-H Nanopores: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13030700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 700 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qingyu Cao ◽

Yidong Xu ◽

Jianke Fang ◽

Yufeng Song ◽

Yao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Pore Size ◽

Transport Properties ◽

Diffusion Rate ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Fatigue Loading ◽

Chloride Ions ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Ion Diffusion ◽

Chloride Ion Diffusion

The transport properties of chloride ions in cement-based materials are one of the major deterioration mechanisms for reinforced concrete (RC) structures. This paper investigates the influence of pore size and fatigue loading on the transport properties of NaCl in C-S-H nanopores using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Molecular models of C-S-H, NaCl solution, and C-S-H nanopores with different pore diameters are established on a microscopic scale. The distribution of the chloride ion diffusion rate and the diffusion coefficient of each particle are obtained by statistically calculating the variation of atomic displacement with time. The results indicate that the chloride ion diffusion rate perpendicular to C-S-H nanopores under fatigue loading is 4 times faster than that without fatigue loading. Moreover, the diffusion coefficient of water molecules and chloride ions in C-S-H nanopores increases under fatigue loading compared with those without fatigue loading. The diffusion coefficient of water molecules in C-S-H nanopores with a pore size of 3 nm obtained from the MD simulation is 1.794 × 10−9 m2/s, which is slightly lower than that obtained from the experiment.

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