scholarly journals Influence of ultraviolet irradiation of perennial grasses seeds on their sowing quality

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Zh. S. Nelyubina ◽  
N. I. Kasatkina
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Uv Treatment ◽  
Seed Hardness ◽  
Sowing Seed

A new direction in pre-sowing seed preparation is environmentally friendly and energyefficient ultraviolet irradiation, which increases germination, reduces seed infection, and improves growth force. In this regard, the experiment of studying the effect of UV irradiation on the sowing qualities and morphophysiological parameters of the seeds of the birds-foot trefoil and awnless brome was laid at the UdmFRC UB RAS in 2019. Use of UV rays of range A with a wavelength of 315–400 nm for 5 min reduced the infection of the birds-foot trefoil seeds by 3.2%, increased the length of the sprout by 0.81 cm and the strength of growth — by 5.4% in comparison with untreated seeds. There was also a tendency for a decrease in seed hardness by 2.5%, an increase in root length by 0.41 cm, and the degree of seedling development by 0.12 points. The most effective for awnless brome seeds was UV treatment for 35 minutes, which led to an increase in germination by 14.5%, a decrease in seed infection by 5.8%. There was also a tendency to improve the morphological parameters of seedlings: the length of the sprout increased by 0.9 cm, the length of the root — by 0.88 cm, the length of the coleoptile — by 0.30 cm. The strength of growth in this variant was 9.3% higher than in the control without treatment. In general, the treatment of perennial grasses seeds with ultraviolet light reduced infection, increased laboratory germination and strength of growth, and reduced seed hardness.

scholarly journals Non-TZF Protein AtC3H59/ZFWD3 Is Involved in Seed Germination, Seedling Development, and Seed Development, Interacting with PPPDE Family Protein Desi1 in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4738
Author(s):  
Hye-Yeon Seok ◽  
Hyungjoon Bae ◽  
Taehyoung Kim ◽  
Syed Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi ◽  
Linh Vu Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Ccch Zinc Finger ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Wd40 Domain ◽  
Primary Root Length

Despite increasing reports on the function of CCCH zinc finger proteins in plant development and stress response, the functions and molecular aspects of many non-tandem CCCH zinc finger (non-TZF) proteins remain uncharacterized. AtC3H59/ZFWD3 is an Arabidopsis non-TZF protein and belongs to the ZFWD subfamily harboring a CCCH zinc finger motif and a WD40 domain. In this study, we characterized the biological and molecular functions of AtC3H59, which is subcellularly localized in the nucleus. The seeds of AtC3H59-overexpressing transgenic plants (OXs) germinated faster than those of wild type (WT), whereas atc3h59 mutant seeds germinated slower than WT seeds. AtC3H59 OX seedlings were larger and heavier than WT seedlings, whereas atc3h59 mutant seedlings were smaller and lighter than WT seedlings. Moreover, AtC3H59 OX seedlings had longer primary root length than WT seedlings, whereas atc3h59 mutant seedlings had shorter primary root length than WT seedlings, owing to altered cell division activity in the root meristem. During seed development, AtC3H59 OXs formed larger and heavier seeds than WT. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, we isolated Desi1, a PPPDE family protein, as an interacting partner of AtC3H59. AtC3H59 and Desi1 interacted via their WD40 domain and C-terminal region, respectively, in the nucleus. Taken together, our results indicate that AtC3H59 has pleiotropic effects on seed germination, seedling development, and seed development, and interacts with Desi1 in the nucleus via its entire WD40 domain. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the biological functions of the ZFWD protein and Desi1 in Arabidopsis.

The influence of acridine dyes and caffeine on recovery from ultraviolet damage in Eudorina elegans

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1849-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Kemp ◽  
K. M. Malloy
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Acridine Dyes ◽  
Dark Survival ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Ultraviolet Damage

Caffeine and the acridine dyes, acridine orange and acriflavine, were used to examine the repair potential in Eudorina elegans following ultraviolet irradiation. Acridines blocked photoreactivation primarily as a result of absorption of photoreactivating wavelengths, but acridines did not influence dark survival. Therefore, an acridine-sensitive excision–resynthesis–repair process is absent in Eudorina.Caffeine decreased both dark and light survival, the latter only after relatively high doses of ultraviolet light were used for inactivation. The caffeine-sensitive repair process appears to function most actively when the organisms are engaged in DNA synthesis, indicating that a postreplication–repair system exists in Eudorina. However, the data suggest that a repair system not associated with the DNA synthetic phases may also exist.

Effects of ultraviolet light on synchronized Chinese hamster ovary cells; potentiation by hydroxyurea

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48
Author(s):  
K. Burg ◽  
A.R. Collins ◽  
R.T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Chromosome Structure ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Ovary Cells

We have examined the effects of hydroxyurea on u.v.-irradiated Chinese hamster CHO-KI cells. Ultraviolet irradiation followed by incubation with hydroxyurea causes only slight disruption of DNA and chromosome structure in CHO-KI cells compared with HeLa cells. There is, however, a clear potentiation by hydroxyurea of the u.v. killing of CHO-KI cells, which is most pronounced at those points in the cycle which are reported to have small DNA precursor pools. This potentiation is reduced when DNA precursors are provided together with hydroxyurea. These data are discussed in terms of an uncoupling of excision and repair DNA synthesis.

Ultrastructural Changes in Euglena After Ultraviolet Irradiation

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-809
Author(s):  
A. MICHAELS ◽  
A. GIBOR
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Bleaching Process ◽  
In Cells

The structural changes associated with the ultraviolet-induced bleaching of light-grown cells of Euglena gracilis were investigated. Our light- and electron-microscopic observations of the bleaching process indicate that there is a continuity of plastid structure in cells 5 generations after receiving a bleaching dose of ultraviolet light. There seems to be a continuous dilution of the plastid thylakoids and a decrease in plastid size in the bleaching cells. There also seems to be a change in the position of the plastids in relation to the mitochondria in the bleaching cells. The plastids and possibly the mitochondria are the only organelles which are affected by the ultraviolet irradiation. The continuity of plastids in bleaching cells of Euglena is discussed in relation to the proposed effect of the ultraviolet light.

STIMULATION OF GROWTH PROCESSES IN EGGPLANT PLANTS GROWN IN THE KHABAROVSK REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-668
Author(s):  
T.M. Trifonova ◽  
◽  
T.K. Stupko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Working Solution ◽  
Sowing Seed

The article presents the results of studies for 2019. The aim of the study was to identify the effectiveness of growth regulators Prorotok and HB-101 in stimulating growth processes in seeds and seedlings of eggplant culture grown in the Khabarovsk Territory. The objectives of the study were to study the growth-stimulating effect of the studied drugs based on the analysis of data on the energy of germination and germination of seeds, as well as morphological parameters of seedlings of the eggplant culture grown in the territory of the village. Dzhonka of the Nanay district of the Khabarovsk Territory. The research was carried out on two varieties of eggplant Boyarin F1 and Mishutka. The experiment was carried out in three replicates in accordance with the agricultural technology generally accepted for the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory. As a result of the studies carried out, inhibition of growth processes was revealed in the variants of the experiment with pre-sowing seed treatment with Prorostk and HB-101 in the form of soaking them for two hours in working solutions of preparations with a concentration of 0.25, 0.5, 1% compared to the control a variant in which the seeds were soaked in water. Analysis of the morphological parameters of eggplant seedlings revealed the following. In the variants of the experiment with the concentration of the Prorostka working solution of 0.25%, the plants of varieties Mishutka and Boyarin F1 showed an increase in the length of the leaf blade by 8 and 13%, the length of the stem by 7 and 17%, respectively, compared with the control. In the variants of the experiment, in which the plants were treated with the Germination solution with a concentration of 0.5%, a significant increase in the length of the leaf blade by 6 and 11%, and the length of the stem by 8 and 15%, respectively, was revealed. The analysis of the efficiency of HB-101 showed a growth-stimulating effect at the stage from seed germination to the formation of the first two true leaves in plants of the Mishutka variety in the variant with a working solution concentration of 0.25%. The increase in the length of the leaf in this case was up to 35%, the length of the stem up to 20% in comparison with the control variant. In the period from two true leaves to planting seedlings in open ground, a high rate of growth processes was noted in variants with working solutions HB-101 0.25 and 0.5%. The use of the HB-101 preparation at the stage of presowing treatment, as well as during the cultivation of seedlings of plants of the Boyarin F1 variety, is not advisable, since a decrease in the rate of growth processes was revealed in the plantings of this variety in comparison with the control option.

scholarly journals COUNTERACTING THE RETARDING AND INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF STRONG ULTRAVIOLET ON FUCUS EGGS BY WHITE LIGHT

1942 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Degree Of Recovery ◽  
Damaging Effects

1. Strong dosages (20,000–50,000 ergs per mm.2) of ultraviolet light, predominantly of the wave-length 2537 Å, greatly retard and inhibit the development of rhizoids in Fucus eggs irradiated at about 8 hours after fertilization. 2. If white light shines on the eggs after the irradiation by ultraviolet is terminated, the white light causes a considerable degree of recovery from the retarding and inhibiting effects. 3. If strong white light shines on the eggs during the ultraviolet irradiation, its effect is even more marked in protecting the cells from the damaging effects of the ultraviolet.

nfluence of pre-sowing treatment with stimulators of rosta on the spinach seeds growth and on the development of steam-zitary mushrooms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Ivanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Sowing Seed

The effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with phytostimulants on the germination of spinach seeds was investigated vegetable garden in conditions of seed infection with pathogenic species of fungi.

A visual indicator of heterokaryosis in Fusarium oxysporum from celery

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Puhalla
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Genetic Complementation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Uv Treatment ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Auxotrophic Mutants ◽  
Pale Pink ◽  
Type Strains

Wild-type isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii (celery pathogens) were white or pale pink. Ultraviolet-light (UV) treatment of conidia, however, yielded stable orange mutants, which in turn gave rise to yellow and white mutants after a second UV treatment. Some pairings between these yellow and white mutants developed an orange line where they touched. This orange line developed only if the two mutants formed heterokaryons with each other. In contrast, attempts to demonstrate heterokaryons between complementary auxotrophic mutants on minimal medium failed. The color heterokaryon was a mosaic of homokaryotic and heterokaryotic cells, the latter being confined to the area of anastomosis between the two mutants. Genetic complementation was also confined to this area. In pairings among color mutants of five wild-type strains two vegetative (heterokaryon) compatibility (VC) groups were defined. VC groups in other formae spéciales of F. oxysporum should also be detectable by this method.

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