scholarly journals Non-TZF Protein AtC3H59/ZFWD3 Is Involved in Seed Germination, Seedling Development, and Seed Development, Interacting with PPPDE Family Protein Desi1 in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4738
Author(s):  
Hye-Yeon Seok ◽  
Hyungjoon Bae ◽  
Taehyoung Kim ◽  
Syed Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi ◽  
Linh Vu Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Ccch Zinc Finger ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Wd40 Domain ◽  
Primary Root Length

Despite increasing reports on the function of CCCH zinc finger proteins in plant development and stress response, the functions and molecular aspects of many non-tandem CCCH zinc finger (non-TZF) proteins remain uncharacterized. AtC3H59/ZFWD3 is an Arabidopsis non-TZF protein and belongs to the ZFWD subfamily harboring a CCCH zinc finger motif and a WD40 domain. In this study, we characterized the biological and molecular functions of AtC3H59, which is subcellularly localized in the nucleus. The seeds of AtC3H59-overexpressing transgenic plants (OXs) germinated faster than those of wild type (WT), whereas atc3h59 mutant seeds germinated slower than WT seeds. AtC3H59 OX seedlings were larger and heavier than WT seedlings, whereas atc3h59 mutant seedlings were smaller and lighter than WT seedlings. Moreover, AtC3H59 OX seedlings had longer primary root length than WT seedlings, whereas atc3h59 mutant seedlings had shorter primary root length than WT seedlings, owing to altered cell division activity in the root meristem. During seed development, AtC3H59 OXs formed larger and heavier seeds than WT. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, we isolated Desi1, a PPPDE family protein, as an interacting partner of AtC3H59. AtC3H59 and Desi1 interacted via their WD40 domain and C-terminal region, respectively, in the nucleus. Taken together, our results indicate that AtC3H59 has pleiotropic effects on seed germination, seedling development, and seed development, and interacts with Desi1 in the nucleus via its entire WD40 domain. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the biological functions of the ZFWD protein and Desi1 in Arabidopsis.

Method for Bioassaying Chlorsulfuron in Soil and Water

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don W. Morishita ◽  
Donald C. Thill ◽  
Duane G. Flom ◽  
Tanaquil C. Campbell ◽  
Gary A. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Bioassay Technique ◽  
Primary Root Length ◽  
Soil And Water

Bioassay techniques were evaluated for the determination of chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} residues in soil and water. A linear response of corn (Zea maysL.) primary root length to chlorsulfuron concentrations (InX+1) of 0.0 to 16.0 μg/L was observed in the water bioassay. Several soil extraction bioassay methods were attempted and found to be highly variable. A Ca(OH)2soil extraction bioassay technique produced a linear response of primary corn root length to chlorsulfuron concentrations ranging from 0.0 to 64.0 μg/kg. The efficiency of the Ca(OH)2extraction bioassay was determined by the use of14C-chlorsulfuron. Recovery efficiency at 1.0 μg/kg was 74% and averaged 62% at all higher chlorsulfuron concentrations.

scholarly journals Priming and drying on the physiological quality of eggplant seeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delineide P Gomes ◽  
Alexandre F da Silva ◽  
Denise Cunha FS Dias ◽  
Eveline M Alvarenga ◽  
Laércio J da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Three Sheets ◽  
Osmotic Potentials ◽  
Primary Root Length

We evaluated the effect of the priming with polyethyleneglicol (PEG) 6000 followed or not of drying on two lots of eggplant seeds with medium and low vigor respectively. The seeds were submitted to the treatments of priming with PEG 6000 in the osmotic potentials of -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa during 48 or 96 hours of priming with and without subsequent drying. For the soaking of seeds in osmotic solutions, these were placed over three sheets of paper boxes such germitest gerbox conditioning moistened with each solution in a 3:1 ratio. The control group was represented by unprimed seeds. The priming for both lots provided higher values in relation to the vigor through the first counting of germination, seedlings and primary root length, germination and emergence rates, emergence and dry weight of seedlings when compared to the non-primed seeds. These results were not verified for germination; significant differences practically were not observed in relation to the controls. Improvements in relation to the vigour were not higher on lot 2 than those obtained on lot 1. The priming with PEG 6000 with subsequent drying increased the vigor of eggplant seeds of the cultivar Morro Grande in relation to those non-primed, however, without differences in the germination.

scholarly journals Mapping and validation of a major QTL for primary root length of soybean seedlings grown in hydroponic conditions

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huatao Chen ◽  
Giriraj Kumawat ◽  
Yongliang Yan ◽  
Baojie Fan ◽  
Donghe Xu
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions ◽  
Primary Root Length ◽  
Major Qtl

Abstract Background The root system provides nutrient absorption and is closely related to abiotic stress tolerance, but it is difficult to study the roots under field conditions. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with primary root length (PRL) during soybean seedling growth in hydroponic conditions. A total of 103 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between K099 (short primary root) and Fendou 16 (long primary root) were used to identify QTL for PRL in soybean. The RIL population was genotyped with 223 simple sequence repeats markers covering 20 chromosomes. Phenotyping for primary root length was performed for 3-weeks plants grown in hydoponic conditions. The identified QTL was validated in near isogenic lines and in a separate RIL population. Results QTL analysis using inclusive composite interval mapping method identified a major QTL on Gm16 between SSR markers Sat_165 and Satt621, explaining 30.25 % of the total phenotypic variation. The identified QTL, qRL16.1, was further confirmed in a segregating population derived from a residual heterozygous line (RHLs-98). To validate qRL16.1 in a different genetic background, QTL analysis was performed in another F6 RIL population derived from a cross between Union (medium primary root) and Fendou 16, in which a major QTL was detected again in the same genomic region as qRL16.1, explaining 14 % of the total phenotypic variation for PRL. In addition, the effect of qRL16.1 was confirmed using two pair of near-isogenic lines (NILs). PRL was significantly higher in NILs possessing the qRL16.1 allele from Fendou 16 compared to allele from K099. Conclusions The qRL16.1 is a novel QTL for primary root length in soybean which provides important information on the genetic control of root development. Identification of this major QTL will facilitate positional cloning and DNA marker-assisted selection for root traits in soybean.

scholarly journals Genotypic variability of root and shoot traits of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at seedling stage

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 687-702
Author(s):  
Milica Blazic ◽  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Vesna Kandic ◽  
Dragoslav Djokic ◽  
Tomislav Zivanovic
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Seminal Roots ◽  
Primary Root Length

The evaluation of the embryonic root and stem of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the early stage of development (seedling stage) can be a powerful tool in wheat breeding aimed at obtaining progenies with a greater early vigour. It is revealed that genotypes with faster early vigour have produced higher biomass and grain yield. In this study, the evaluation of traits of the embryonic root and the embryonic stem of 101 bread wheat genotypes was preformed at the 10-day old seedlings. The following eight morphological traits of roots and stems were analysed: primary root length, branching interval, the number of roots, total length of lateral roots, angle of seminal roots, stem length, root dry weight and the stem dry weight. Analysed lateral roots included seminal roots. The greatest, i.e. the smallest variability of observed traits was detected in the branching interval, i.e. the stem length, respectively. The highest positive correlation was determined between the primary root length and the total length of lateral roots. The cluster analysis, based on observed traits, shows that genotypes were clearly divided into two main clusters, A and B. The two clusters essentially differed from each other in the values of the following traits: primary root length, total length of lateral roots, root dry weight, stem dry weight and the stem length. Genotypes with shorter primary and lateral roots, lower root and stem dry weight and a shorter stem were grouped in the cluster B. On the other hand, the cluster A encompassed genotypes with values of these traits above or around the average. The values of the remaining analysed traits: the angle of seminal roots, the number of lateral roots and the branching interval varied greatly between obtained clusters. The cluster analysis showed the homogeneity of genotypes originating from Serbia and the region; their values of the root and stem length and weight were mostly around and below the average. However, the values of the angle of seminal roots, number of lateral roots and the branching interval were above average.

Dinitroaniline Herbicide Phytotoxicity as Influenced by Soil Moisture and Herbicide Vaporization

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 536-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Jacques ◽  
R. G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbicide Concentration ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Vapor Activity ◽  
Primary Root Length ◽  
Dinitroaniline Herbicides

Effects of soil water and herbicide vapors on the phytotoxicity of eight dinitroaniline herbicides to oats (Avena sativaL. ‘Dal’) were studied. Oat primary root length was inhibited more by the herbicides than was shoot length or shoot fresh weight. All of the herbicides, except oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide), inhibited primary root length through vapor activity. Vapors of dinitramine (N4,N4-diethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine) were most inhibitory. Herbicide vapor inhibition increased with temperature. Soil water affected oryzalin activity more than it did that of the other herbicides. Oryzalin phytotoxicity to the oat primary root was reduced more at the low soil water than was that of the other herbicides. Its low vapor activity apparently reduced its effectiveness in dry soil. Difference in magnitude of herbicide phytotoxicity between two soil moisture levels generally was more pronounced at lower herbicide concentration.

Osmotic stress induced root growth and regulation of root development related genes in progenitors of wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Dalal ◽  
Sneha Tiwari ◽  
Vinod .
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Good Resource ◽  
Primary Root Length

Maintenance of root growth during water deficit can significantly contribute to yield stability. In this study, total nine accessions, three each of Triticum monococcum, Aegilops speltoides and Aegilops tauschii were analysed for root traits under two levels of osmotic stress at seedling stage. T. monococcum accession (A2) showed highest increase in total root growth while 17% and 34% increase in primary root length was recorded in T. monococcum (A2) and Ae. speltoides (B3) under osmotic stress. Expression of BREVIS RADIX (BRX) and NAM/ATAF/CUC 1(NAC1) was analysed in three diploid accessions with contrasting root phenotype. BREVIS RADIX, a transcription factor modulating root length was up regulated in T. monococcum A2 accession while NAC1 expression was up regulated in three of the accessions under osmotic stress. The accessions and genes analysed in the study can be good resource to explore the molecular-genetic mechanism of root growth under stress.

A genome-wide association study reveals that the glucosyltransferase OsIAGLU regulates root growth in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Zhao ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Wenjun Li ◽  
Shan Sun ◽  
Liling Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Crown Roots ◽  
Primary Root Length

Abstract Good root growth in the early post-germination stages is an important trait for direct seeding in rice, but its genetic control is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the genetic architecture of variation in primary root length using a diverse panel of 178 accessions. Four QTLs for root length (qRL3, qRL6, qRL7, and qRL11) were identified using genome-wide association studies. One candidate gene was validated for the major QTL qRL11, namely the glucosyltransferase OsIAGLU. Disruption of this gene in Osiaglu mutants reduced the primary root length and the numbers of lateral and crown roots. The natural allelic variations of OsIAGLU contributing to root growth were identified. Functional analysis revealed that OsIAGLU regulates root growth mainly via modulating multiple hormones in the roots, including levels of auxin, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, and cytokinin. OsIAGLU also influences the expression of multiple hormone-related genes associated with root growth. The regulation of root growth through multiple hormone pathways by OsIAGLU makes it a potential target for future rice breeding for crop improvement.

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