Особливості структури функціонального забезпечення спеціальної роботоздатності спортсменів, які спеціалізуються на дистанції 1000 м у веслуванні на байдарках

2022 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Цзицзянь Хуан ◽  
Ольга Русанова
Keyword(s):  
Vo2 Max

Анотація. У статті розглянуто питання структури функціонального забезпечення спеціальної роботоздатності спортсменів, які спеціалізуються на дистанції 1000 м у веслуванні на байдарках. Мета. Визначити відмінності та обґрунтувати типологічні особливості функціонального забезпечення спеціальної роботоздатності спортсменів, які спеціалізуються на дистанції 1000 м у веслуванні на байдарках. Методи. Аналіз, систематизація та узагальнення даних літературних джерел, інструментальні методи досліджень з використанням ергометрії, газоаналізу, пульсометрії, біохімічні методи, аналіз і порівняння, методи математичної статистики. Результати. Обґрунтовано відмінності та типологічні особливості функціонального забезпечення спеціальної роботоздатності спортсменів, які спеціалізуються дистанції 1000 м у веслуванні на байдарках; сформовано елементи системи оцінювання й інтерпретації показників функціонального забезпечення спеціальної роботоздатності веслувальників, які спеціалізуються на дистанції 1000 м у веслуванні на байдарках і каное. За результатами проведеного аналізу виділено типологічні групи веслувальників на байдарках, які спеціалізуються на дистанції 1000 м. Перша група, характеризується достовірно більш високими показниками ергометричної потужності роботи в умовах наростаючого стомлення – 289,00 ± 41,01 Вт (W90с, Вт), в умовах моделювання стартового розгону – 480,5 ± 57,28 Вт (W10с, Вт), досягнення рівня максимального споживання кисню в умовах східчасто-зростаючого навантаження – 218,5 ± 20,51 Вт (W VO2 max, Вт), що перебували в межах модельного діапазону спортсменів високого класу (р < 0,05). Показники потужності та ємності анаеробного енергозабезпечення були найнижчими серед інших груп спортсменів. Розходження показників достовірні при р < 0,05. Показники потужності аеробного енергозабезпечення достовірно не відрізнялися від показників спортсменів інших типологічних груп (р > 0,05). Друга типологічна група спортсменів характеризується зниженими показниками аеробного енергозабезпечення в умовах наростаючого стомлення та відмінностями показників компенсації втоми під час виконання навантаження критичної потужності. У окремих спортсменів VE ∙ СО2 –1 с.с. ум. од. перевищував VE ∙ СО2 –1 90 с, ум. од., тому у даної типологічної групи відмічено достовірно більш низький рівень – 5,1 ± 7,52 % (р < 0,05) порівняно з іншими спортсменами. Третя типологічна група спортсменів характеризується достовірно більш високими показниками потужності та ємності анаеробного енергозабезпечення – 11,12 ± 1,79 ммоль ∙ л–1 (La max 30 c) та 17,33 ± 1,13 ммоль ∙ л–1 (La max 90 c), що перебували в межах модельного діапазону спортсменів високого класу (р < 0,05). Показники кінетики лактату у цієї групи спортсменів мали індивідуальні відмінності, у окремих осіб La max був зареєстрований на 3-й хв відновного періоду і до 7-ї хв знизився на 0,37 ммоль ∙ л–1. Показники потужності аеробного енергозабезпечення достовірно не відрізнялися від показників спортсменів інших типологічних груп (р > 0,05). Ключові слова: веслування на байдарках, функціональне забезпечення, спеціальна роботоздатність.

scholarly journals Thalamic Volume Mediates Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Memory in People With Parkinson’s

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 501-502
Author(s):  
Andrew Petkus ◽  
Megan Gomez ◽  
Dawn Schiehser ◽  
Vincent Filoteo ◽  
Jennifer Hui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Basal Ganglia Structures

Abstract Cognitive deficits occur in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with both current and future cognitive decline in this disease. The underlying neurobiological factors explaining this relationship, however, are not well known. In this cross-sectional study we examined the associations between CRF and cognitive performance and whether such associations were mediated by grey matter volumes of basal ganglia structures. A total of 33 individuals with PD underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), CRF evaluation (VO2max), and neuropsychological assessment. Composite scores of episodic memory, executive functioning, attention, language, and visuospatial functioning were generated. Brain MRI morphological measurements was performed with the Freesurfer image analysis suite. Structural equation models were constructed to examine whether sMRI volume estimates of basal ganglia structures, specifically the thalamus and pallidum, mediated associations between VO2 max and cognitive performance while adjusting for age, education, PD disease duration, sex, and intracranial volume. Higher VO2max was associated with better episodic memory (Standardized β=0.390; p=0.009), executive functioning (Standardized β=0.263; p=0.021), and visuospatial performance (β=0.408; p=0.004). Higher VO2max was associated with larger thalamic (Standardized β=0.602; p&lt;0.001) and pallidum (Standardized β=0.539; p&lt;0.001) volumes. Thalamic volume significantly mediated the association between higher VO2max and better episodic memory (indirect effect=0.209) and visuospatial ability (indirect effect=0.178) performance (p&lt;.05). The pallidum did not significantly mediate associations between VO2 max and cognitive outcomes. These results suggest the thalamus plays an important role in the association between CRF episodic memory and visuospatial functioning in individuals with PD.

P3656Fontan operation performed in adult patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Santos Monteiro ◽  
C Cruz Lamas ◽  
M C Terra Cola ◽  
A J Oliveira Monteiro ◽  
M Machado Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Fontan Operation ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Inhospital Mortality ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Treatment of patients with univentricular physiology is based on a sequence of palliative surgeries which end with the Fontan operation, when all venous blood flow is diverted to the lungs, bypassing the heart. Most centers advise to complete this process around 4 years of age, and there are few data about the performance of the Fontan operation in adults. Purpose To describe the results of the Fontan surgery when performed in adult patients. Methods A retrospective review of patients submitted to the Fontan operation between 2014 and 2018, with data collection from charts, regarding their pre-operative state and follow up, including improvement in exercise capacity and hemoglobin levels. Results There were 12 patients submitted to the Fontan operation in the study period, with mean age 24±5 years, 8 female and 4 male. Two patients had no previous surgery, 2 only had bandage of the pulmonary artery, 7 had the Glenn surgery and 1 had the Damus and the Glenn surgery. Five patients had tricuspid atresia (TA) with valvular pulmonary stenosis (PS) or atresia, 1 patient had TA alone, 2 had TA with transposition of the great arteries, 1 patient had double inlet left ventricle (LV) with PS, 2 had double inlet LV with coarctation of the aorta, and 1 patient had hypoplastic right heart. One patient had suspected Noonan Syndrome. The patients who did not have Glenn surgery were submitted to connection of superior and inferior venae cavae with the pulmonary artery in the same procedure (4 patients). Seven patients had the fenestrated Fontan procedure. Six patients had a combined operation. Inhospital mortality was 0%. One patient died 4 months after the surgery due to bilateral subdural hematoma. The immediate post operative complications were tachyarrhythmia (2); important bleeding (2); pericardial effusion (4); pleural effusion (7); provisional pacemaker (1); junctional rhythmn (1); temporary hemodialysis (1); infection of the operative wound (1); fungal endocarditis (1); and mild stroke (1). The mean duration of hospitalization was 41.5±18.7 days. The length of hospital stay after surgery was 31.1±16.2 days. The exercise functional capacity improved in all patients. Before surgery there was 1 patient NYHA II that became NYHA I, 10 were NYHA III and became II or I, and 1 patient who was NYHA IV became II. The average oxygen saturation before surgery was 82% ± 8.2% and after was 91.7% ± 4.7%. The mean hemoglobin went from 17.8 g/dL to 13.9 g/dL. Eight patients performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) before surgery, 1 patient was Weber B, 4 patients Weber C, 1 D and 1 E. Mean VO2 max was 11.7 ml/kg.min (± 3.69), and the mean slope was 71.8±35.0. Four patients performed CPX after surgery, mean VO2 max was 16.5±7.3, and mean slope was 39±16.6. Mean follow up was 20.3±17.7 months. Conclusions The Fontan operation is safe in adult patients and may still confer them significant benefits.

PREDICTION OF VO2 MAX FROM A ONE-MILE TRACK WALK

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (supplement) ◽  
pp. S35 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kline ◽  
J. Porcari ◽  
R. Hintermeister ◽  
P. Freedson ◽  
R. McCarron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vo2 Max

scholarly journals 255 EVALUATION OF RELATIVE VO2 MAX BY ALLOMETRY

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Mahar ◽  
P. M. Vanderburgh ◽  
A. S. Jackson ◽  
D. A. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Vo2 Max

Relação entre funcionalidade e nível de atividade física em mulheres com fibromialgia e migrânea

2016 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Reydiane Rodrigues Santana ◽  
Manuella Moraes Monteiro Barbosa Barros ◽  
Amanda de Oliveira Freire Barros ◽  
Débora Wanderley ◽  
Angélica da Silva Tenório ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Vo2 Max

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre funcionalidade e nível de atividade física em mulheres com fibromialgia e migrânea. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, do tipo transversal, com 22 mulheres diagnosticadas com fibromialgia e migrânea. Para avaliar a funcionalidade, foi utilizado o domínio função do questionário de impacto de fibromialgia - versão revisada (FIQR). Para a classificação do nível de atividade física foram utilizadas a versão curta do Questionário internacional do nível de atividade física (IPAQ) e a classificação da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC), baseada no consumo de oxigênio (VO2 máx), pela ergoespirometria. O Migraine Disability Assessment Test - MIDAS foi usado para avaliar o grau de incapacidade da cefaleia. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa mulheres com uma média de idade de 46±7 anos, cujo primeiro episódio de cefaleia ocorreu desde a faixa etária infantil até a fase adulto-jovem. As mulheres classificadas como ativas (n=4), irregularmente ativas (n=14) e sedentárias (n=4) pelo IPAQ, foram todas consideradas sedentárias pela SBC (n=22). Não foi observada nenhuma diferença entre grau de função e nível de atividade física entre as pacientes deste estudo, o que pode ser justificado pelo pequeno tamanho da amostra. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada não foi possível ver diferença entre nível de atividade física e funcionalidade.

Comparative Study of Effect of Resistance Exercises versus Aerobic Exercises on Exercise Performance and Pulmonary Function in Adult Chronic Smokers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-317
Author(s):  
Ketki Ponde –Ponkshe ◽  
Ronika Agrawal ◽  
Shimaz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Group B

Background: Cigarette smoking is the major cause of premature death. It accounts for 28% of all cardio vascular diseases and 40% of respiratory diseases as it is associated with impaired pulmonary function. Exercise is an effective and low cost of treatment which can promote good health of a smoker. Research indicates that individuals who maintain an exercise program are more likely to give up smoking than those who quit exercising. Methodology: 150 subjects were included in the study and divided into two groups Group A (resistance exercises) and Group B (Walking). The exercises protocol was given for six weeks. Pre post PEFR and VO2 max was calculated. Results: both the groups showed improvement post intervention (p<0.05) whereas resistance group showed better improvement than the walking group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic and Resistance exercises both showed significant improvement in PEFR and VO2 max in smokers, however the resistance exercises showed better improvement in the cardiovascular and pulmonary function. Key words: Smoking, Aerobic exercises, Resistance exercises, Theraband.

Carbohydrate ingestion before exercise: comparison of glucose, fructose, and sweet placebo

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Koivisto ◽  
S. L. Karonen ◽  
E. A. Nikkila
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Rapid Fall ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Glucose Ingestion ◽  
Response To Exercise

To examine the effect of various carbohydrates on the metabolic and hormonal response to exercise, 75 g glucose, fructose, or placebo were given to nine well-trained males (VO2 max 60 +/- 1 ml . kg-1 . min-1) 45 min before cycle ergometer exercise performed at 75% VO2 max for 30 min. After glucose ingestion, the rise in plasma glucose was 3-fold (P less than 0.005) in plasma insulin 2.5-fold (P less than 0.01) greater than after fructose. During exercise, after glucose administration plasma glucose fell from 5.3 +/- 0.3 to 2.5 +/- 0.2 mmol/l (P less than 0.001) and after fructose from 4.5 +/- 0.1 to 3.9 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (P less than 0.05). The fall in plasma glucose was closely related to the preexercise levels of plasma insulin (r = 0.82, P less than 0.001) and glucose (r = 0.81, P less than 0.001). Both glucose and fructose ingestion decreased the FFA levels by 40–50% (P less than 0.005) and during exercise they remained 30–40% lower after carbohydrate than placebo administration (P less than 0.02). This study suggests that glucose ingestion prior to exercise results in hypoglycemia during vigorous exercise, this rapid fall in plasma glucose is mediated, at least in part, by hyperinsulinemia, and fructose ingestion is associated with a modest rise in plasma insulin and does not result in hypoglycemia during exercise.

Measurement of metabolic rate in hyperoxia

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Welch ◽  
P. K. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
O2 Uptake ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Conventional Calculation ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Douglas Bag ◽  
Douglas Bag Method ◽  
Fick Equation

The conventional Douglas bag calculation for estimating O2 uptake (VO2) during exercise in normoxia and hyperoxia, VO2 = VE . (FIO2 . FEN2/FIN2 - FEO2), was tested against two other valid calculations: the Fick equation, VO2 = VI . FIO2 - VE . FEO2, and the equation VO2 = VI - VE - VCO2 (VE and VI are expired and inspired ventilation, respectively; FEO2 and FIO2 are expired and inspired O2 contents, respectively; FEN2 and FIN2 are expired and inspired N2 contents, respectively; and VCO2 is CO2 production.). These calculations are based on different assumptions, in part, and are affected to a varying degree of errors in volume or gas fraction measurements. With the conventional Douglas bag technique, we found evidence of an overestimate of VO2 during hyperoxia. After the introduction of a mixing chamber for sampling expired air, the means of the three methods were not significantly different. The variability among the methods was least with the conventional calculation but increased with higher O2 fractions. The average VO2 for submaximal exercise in hyperoxia was not significantly different from that of normoxia. VO2 max was significantly higher in hyperoxia. The increased variability of the Douglas bag method in hyperoxia may lead to overestimates of VO2 max unless special precautions are taken.

Oxygen uptake, acid-base status, and performance with varied inspired oxygen fractions

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Adams ◽  
H. G. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Tension ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Performance Times ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

Six subjects rode a bicycle ergometer on three occasions breathing 17, 21, or 60% oxygen. In addition to rest and recovery periods, each subject worked for 10 min at 55% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and then to exhaustion at approximately 90% VO2 max. Performance time, inspired and expired gas fractions, ventilation, and arterialized venous oxygen tension (PO2), carbon dioxide tension (PCO2), lactate, and pH were measured. VO2, carbon dioxide output, [H+]a, and [HCO3-]a were calculated. Performance times were longer in hyperoxia than in normoxia or hypoxia. However, VO2 was not different at exhaustion in normoxia compared with hypoxia or hyperoxia. During exercise, hypoxia was associated with increased lactate levels and decreased [H+]a, PCO2, and [HCO3-]a. The opposite trends were generally associated with hyperoxia. At exhaustion, [H+]a was not different under any inspired oxygen fraction. These results support the contention that oxygen is not limiting for exercise of this intensity and duration. The results also suggest that [H+] is a possible limiting factor and that the effect of oxygen on performance is perhaps related to control of [H+].

scholarly journals Perfil de aptidão cardiorrespiratória e metabólica em bailarinos profissionais

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Santos Silva ◽  
Angela Romano ◽  
Nilo Sérgio Gava ◽  
Maristela Palácios Dourado ◽  
Paulo Yazbek Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Metabolic Measurement

O principal objetivo deste estudo foi analisar aspectos cardiorrespiratórios e metabólicos e as alterações provocadas pelo treinamento específico de dança em um grupo de 16 bailarinos de balé profissional, modalidade clássico, sendo oito mulheres e oito homens, com média de idade de 18,2 ± 3,8 anos e 26,2 ± 4,5 anos, respectivamente. Todos foram submetidos a teste máximo em esteira rolante utilizando-se o protocolo de Bruce. Foi utilizado, na análise das respostas respiratórias e metabólicas, o sistema computadorizado Metabolic Measurement Cart da Beckman. Os seguintes resultados foram obtidos entre o grupo de balé vs. o grupo controle masculino: VO2 máx. - 46 ± 4 vs. 43 ± 6mlO2.kg.-1min-1; FC máx. - 194 ± 12 vs. 202 ± 11bpm; V E máx. - 112 ± 16 vs. 123 ± 18L.min-1; VO2-LA - 35 ± 4 vs. 26 ± 4mlO2.kg.-1min-1 (p < 0,01); FC-LA - 169 ± 18 vs. 163 ± 15 bpm. Grupo de balé vs. grupo controle feminino: VO2 máx. - 39 ± 6 vs. 35 ± 6mlO2.kg.-1min-1; FC máx. - 197 ± 10 vs. 201 ± 6bpm; V E máx. - 72 ± 9 vs. 81 ± 6L.min-1; VO2-LA - 26 ± 4 vs. 27 ± 4mlO2.kg.-1min-1; FC-LA - 164 ± 10 vs. 176 ± 17bpm. Conclusões: 1) a rotina específica de dança parece não gerar estímulo suficiente para aprimorar a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e metabólica dos bailarinos e 2) sugere-se condicionamento físico adicional ao treinamento de balé.

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