scholarly journals KISARAN INANG Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt) Wei PADA TANAMAN DI SEKITAR PERTANAMAN KARET (Hevea brassiliensis Muell)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Suryani Sajar
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Resistant Rubber ◽  
Important Disease

Leaf fall disease caused by Corynespora cassiicola is the most important disease in a rubber plantation. Thedisruption will decrease the productivity, delaying on grafting in a nursery and hard attack will flaw the seed,stunted and even dead. Curative prevention on old crop need huge expenses with uncertain result, hence it isnecessary to understand the host range of C. cassiicola completed with its cultural characteristics to utilizedin disease preventions such as intercropping and mixed cropping recommendation for weed control action.This study aims to obtain plants that are host of C. cassiicola. This research showed that isolate of C. cassiicolafrom clone GT1 of rubber infected 12 plants from 16 tested plants in various incubation periods which were:cucumber, soybean, alamanda, papaya, cassava, babadotan, sweet potato, tapak dara, peanuts, asystasia,mucuna, and RRIM 600. Pathogenicity examination showed 5 resistence degree, which were: resistant(babadotan, lulangan weed, sweet potato, mucuna, lantana, asystasia, spinach torm and sembung rambat) ;slightly resistant (rubber, peanuts, alamanda and tapak dara) ; moderate (soybean and papaya) ; slightlysusceptible (cassava) and susceptible (cucumber).

scholarly journals Genomic Characteristics and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Two Chinese Corynespora cassiicola Strains Causing Corynespora Leaf Fall (CLF) Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Boxun Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jimiao Cai ◽  
Xianbao Liu ◽  
Tao Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Leaf Fall

Rubber tree Corynespora leaf fall (CLF) disease, caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola, is one of the most damaging diseases in rubber tree plantations in Asia and Africa, and this disease also threatens rubber nurseries and young rubber plantations in China. C. cassiicola isolates display high genetic diversity, and virulence profiles vary significantly depending on cultivar. Although one phytotoxin (cassicolin) has been identified, it cannot fully explain the diversity in pathogenicity between C. cassiicola species, and some virulent C. cassiicola strains do not contain the cassiicolin gene. In the present study, we report high-quality gapless genome sequences, obtained using short-read sequencing and single-molecule long-read sequencing, of two Chinese C. cassiicola virulent strains. Comparative genomics of gene families in these two stains and a virulent CPP strain from the Philippines showed that all three strains experienced different selective pressures, and metabolism-related gene families vary between the strains. Secreted protein analysis indicated that the quantities of secreted cell wall-degrading enzymes were correlated with pathogenesis, and the most aggressive CCP strain (cassiicolin toxin type 1) encoded 27.34% and 39.74% more secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) than Chinese strains YN49 and CC01, respectively, both of which can only infect rubber tree saplings. The results of antiSMASH analysis showed that all three strains encode ~60 secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters (SM BGCs). Phylogenomic and domain structure analyses of core synthesis genes, together with synteny analysis of polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters, revealed diversity in the distribution of SM BGCs between strains, as well as SM polymorphisms, which may play an important role in pathogenic progress. The results expand our understanding of the C. cassiicola genome. Further comparative genomic analysis indicates that secreted CAZymes and SMs may influence pathogenicity in rubber tree plantations. The findings facilitate future exploration of the molecular pathogenic mechanism of C. cassiicola.

scholarly journals Herbicide Evaluation for Sweet Potatoes

1969 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lii-Chyuan Liu ◽  
Edwin Acevedo-Borrero ◽  
F. H. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Minimum Rate ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Rate Controlled

Two herbicide experiments were carried out in 1980 to evaluate Alachor and Metribuzin alone or combined for weed control in sweet potato cultivar Miguela at the Isabela and Fortuna Substations, Metribuzin at 1.12 kg ai/ha rate controlled effectively both broadleaf weeds and grasses. A minimum rate of 6.73 kg ai/ha of Alachor was needed for acceptable weed control. Metribuzin at the 1.12 kg al/ha rate in combination with Alachor at the 3.36 kg ai/ha rate provided the best weed control. There was no visible herbicide injury to sweet potato plants at the Isabela Substation. Moderate crop injury as a consequence of Metribuzin application at 2.24 kg ai/ha was apparent at the Fortuna Substation. The highest tuber yield was obtained with Metribuzin at 1.12 kg ai/ha in combination with Alachor at 3.36 kg ai/ha at both Substations. Metribuzin at 1.12 kg ai/ha rate alone or in combination with any other herbicide also produced good tuber yield. Sweet potatoes with standard herbicide treatments, Diphenamid and Chloramben, yielded poorly because of weed competition.

Host range of Puccinia xanthii and postpenetration development on Xanthium occidentale

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 959-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Morin ◽  
Bruce A. Auld ◽  
John F. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Biological Weed Control ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Globe Artichoke ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Stem Lesions ◽  
Slow Growing

In glasshouse studies, small necrotic foliar flecks developed on globe artichoke, calendula, slender thistle, and winged slender thistle following inoculation with basidiospores of the microcyclic rust Puccinia xanthii. Fourteen inoculated cultivars of sunflower developed various types of symptoms: small necrotic and chlorotic flecks, underdeveloped telia, and small swollen petiole and stem lesions. Xanthium spinosum developed very slow-growing telia. In controlled environment studies, the four Xanthium spp. comprising the Noogoora burr (cocklebur) complex in Australia were highly susceptible to infection by P. xanthii. Maximum disease severity was observed after rust telia and X. occidentale plants were exposed to a dew period of 24 h. Less disease symptoms were observed in plants exposed to shorter (3, 6, 12 h) or longer (36 h) dew periods. Plants inoculated with several loads of inoculum (exposure to four inoculum plates) were less diseased than plants inoculated with fewer inoculum loads. Infected plants began to develop disease symptoms 5 days after inoculation, when grown at 25 °C. Infected plants developed very few small chlorotic flecks and no disease symptoms when grown at 10 and 40 °C, respectively. The flecks produced on plants kept at 10 °C developed into telia when plants were transferred to a glasshouse (25 °C). Repetitive inoculations of plants for 1 month increased the overall severity of the disease and this resulted in a reduction in plant height. Key words: Xanthium, host range, Puccinia xanthii, biological weed control.

scholarly journals Some tests on the weed control in sweet potato and soybean fields with 2, 4-D

1954 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Yasuo KASAHARA ◽  
Tadaji KIMURA ◽  
Osamu KINOSITA
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Sweet Potato

Host range of Phytophthora sp. causing leaf fall disease of nutmeg(Myristica fragrans Houtt.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumbula V. ◽  
Sally K. Mathew ◽  
Mini Raj N.
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
South West Monsoon ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽  
West Monsoon ◽  
Range Study

Leaf fall disease caused by Phytophthora sp. has become a serious problem in major nutmeg growing areas of Kerala during South - West monsoon period. Host range study was carried out to find out the infectivity of Phytophthora isolates of nutmeg on other known hosts of Phytophthora spp. including arecanut, coconut, cocoa, rubber, black pepper, cardamom, camboge, vanilla, rose, coreopsis, eucalyptus, colocasia and citrus. Phytophthora isolates of nutmeg showed characteristic symptoms on rubber, vanilla, rose, coreopsis, eucalyptus and citrus, whereas, cocoa, black pepper and colocasia developed hypersensitive reaction and the pathogen failed to cause infection on arecanut, coconut, cardamom and camboge.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of Corynespora cassiicola Leaf Fall Disease Putative Effectors

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lopez ◽  
Sébastien Ribeiro ◽  
Philippe Label ◽  
Boris Fumanal ◽  
Jean-Stéphane Venisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Genome Wide Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals PENGARUH POLA HARI HUJAN TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT GUGUR DAUN CORYNESPORA PADA TANAMAN KARET MENGHASILKAN

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Aron Situmorang
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Amount ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Observation Period

Effect of weather on the development of leaf fall disease in the yielding rubber estate.  This research was conducted in  PTP VII Bergen Lampung  from  July  to August for 2005 and 2006 (new leaves period). This research was carried out using survey and experiment methods.  Parameters observed in the research were persentages of leaf stage, the number of leaf fall  per m2 caused by Corynespora cassiicola and amount of  spore distributed  in air, daily rainfall amount and number of rain days. Results of the study showed that  the pattern of rainfall  and number of raindays affected the development of plant’s new  leaves and  leaf fall disease caused by Corynespora.  The amount of spores distributed in the air was relatively higher in 2005 observation period compared to  2006 one.  The pattern of rainfall and number of rain days also affected the disease severity which was higher in 2005 compared to 2006. Epidemy  was occurred when lower rainfall amount  taking place intermittently with sunny days in the period of new leave formation.

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