scholarly journals Chemically-Induced Colitis Models in Animal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
R. A. Siregar ◽  
T. Widyawati ◽  
Betty
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Entire Colon ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Gastrointestinal Inflammation ◽  
Human Digestive Tract ◽  
Induction Agents

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammation that can affect the distal part of the colon, submucosa and rectal mucosa, and can affect the entire colon even to the terminal ileum. There are several factors that can cause this disease, such as genetics, environment, intestinal microbiota and the presence of enteric infectious agents. Chemical induction in experimental animals for research on gastrointestinal inflammation has been frequently used due to the similarity of the anatomical and physiological structures of experimental animals with the human digestive tract. This review focuses on recent understanding of the chemicals that used as induction agents in animals

Ultrastructural observations of lung neoplasms induced in the strain A/J mouse by benzo(a)pyrene and ethylnitrosourea

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 854-855
Author(s):  
W.T. Gunning ◽  
G.D. Stoner ◽  
P.J. Goldblatt
Keyword(s):  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Clara Cell ◽  
Mouse Lung ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Alveolar Cell ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Cells Of Origin ◽  
Immunocytochemical Techniques

The current literature regarding the histogenesis of mouse lung adenomas suggests two alternative cells of origin for these tumors. The Type II pneumocyte was accepted by most investigators as the cell which proliferated either spontaneously or by chemical induction, until Kauffman and co-workers reported histologic and ultrastructural features of a Clara cell adenoma, and indicated that in Swiss mice, 63% of all chemically induced tumors appeared to be Clara cell derived. Ward et al. using immunocytochemical techniques have demonstrated that all lung adenomas they tested in B6C3F1, BALB, and A strain mice appear to be of alveolar cell origin. It has also been reported that up to 70% of ethylnitrosourea induced adenomas can be characterized as Clara cell based on histochemical staining for nitroblue tetrazolium reductase.Histological investigation of lung tumors arising in Strain A/J mice from bioassays of thirteen chemicals demonstrates a variable growth pattern.

scholarly journals Chemically induced vesiculation as a platform for studying TMEM16F activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1309-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina W. Han ◽  
Wenlei Ye ◽  
Neville P. Bethel ◽  
Mario Zubia ◽  
Andrew Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Plasma Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Kinetic Assay ◽  
Membrane Asymmetry ◽  
Phospholipid Scramblase ◽  
Chemically Induced

Calcium-activated phospholipid scramblase mediates the energy-independent bidirectional translocation of lipids across the bilayer, leading to transient or, in the case of apoptotic scrambling, sustained collapse of membrane asymmetry. Cells lacking TMEM16F-dependent lipid scrambling activity are deficient in generation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that shed from the plasma membrane in a Ca2+-dependent manner, namely microvesicles. We have adapted chemical induction of giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs), which require both TMEM16F-dependent phospholipid scrambling and calcium influx, as a kinetic assay to investigate the mechanism of TMEM16F activity. Using the GPMV assay, we identify and characterize both inactivating and activating mutants that elucidate the mechanism for TMEM16F activation and facilitate further investigation of TMEM16F-mediated lipid translocation and its role in extracellular vesiculation.

Environmental samples make soiled bedding sentinels dispensable for hygienic monitoring of IVC-reared mouse colonies

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Miller ◽  
Markus Brielmeier
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Animal Community

Accurate knowledge of the health status of experimental animals is pivotal to high scientific and ethical standards in biomedical research. Individually ventilated cages (IVCs) are becoming the predominant system for housing laboratory mice, as they prevent cage-to-cage infections. However, this feature constitutes a major drawback for hygienic monitoring of mouse colonies, as traditional screening programs build on reliable transmission of infectious agents from experimental animals to sentinel mice commonly tested as representatives for the mouse colonies. In recent years, the laboratory animal community has realized that sentinels are ineffectual for screening mouse colonies in IVC systems because infections are often not transmitted to sentinels and therefore remain undetected. Furthermore, sentinel monitoring results in high numbers of used animals. In contrast, environmental monitoring provides a more reliable approach to identify and exclude pathogens in rodent colonies. In recent studies we provided evidence that polymerase chain reaction analysis of exhaust air particles is superior to soiled bedding sentinels for different agents. In this study, we show that testing pooled environmental samples generates more meaningful information compared to soiled bedding sentinels during routine hygienic monitoring in different barriers.

scholarly journals Erythropoietin-induced stimulation of differentiation and proliferation in J2E cells is not mimicked by chemical induction

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Busfield ◽  
SP Klinken
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Erythroid Cell ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Physiologic Stimulus

The J2E cell line is a novel erythroid cell line that differentiates in response to erythropoietin (Epo), the physiologic stimulus for erythropoiesis. After exposure to Epo, the cells synthesize hemoglobin, and we show here that this process is tightly linked to increases in cellular proliferation and DNA synthesis. The hormone-induced terminal differentiation also results in morphologic alterations and the accumulation of transcripts for alpha, beta maj, and beta min globins. c-myc messenger RNA levels increase rapidly after exposure to Epo and precede the increase in cell division, while c-myb undergoes a transient decrease. Differentiation of J2E cells can also be achieved with sodium butyrate, but, in contrast with Epo, this is associated with a retardation of replication and a sudden decrease in c-myc levels. These results show that, in this system, chemically induced differentiation differs from terminal maturation promoted by Epo and that the processes of proliferation and differentiation in J2E cells can be uncoupled.

scholarly journals Erythropoietin-induced stimulation of differentiation and proliferation in J2E cells is not mimicked by chemical induction

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Busfield ◽  
SP Klinken
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Erythroid Cell ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Physiologic Stimulus

Abstract The J2E cell line is a novel erythroid cell line that differentiates in response to erythropoietin (Epo), the physiologic stimulus for erythropoiesis. After exposure to Epo, the cells synthesize hemoglobin, and we show here that this process is tightly linked to increases in cellular proliferation and DNA synthesis. The hormone-induced terminal differentiation also results in morphologic alterations and the accumulation of transcripts for alpha, beta maj, and beta min globins. c-myc messenger RNA levels increase rapidly after exposure to Epo and precede the increase in cell division, while c-myb undergoes a transient decrease. Differentiation of J2E cells can also be achieved with sodium butyrate, but, in contrast with Epo, this is associated with a retardation of replication and a sudden decrease in c-myc levels. These results show that, in this system, chemically induced differentiation differs from terminal maturation promoted by Epo and that the processes of proliferation and differentiation in J2E cells can be uncoupled.

Prevention of Chemically Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Experimental Animals by Virgin Argan Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Bellahcen ◽  
Hassane Mekhfi ◽  
Abderrahim Ziyyat ◽  
Abdelkhaleq Legssyer ◽  
Abdelkader Hakkou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Argan Oil ◽  
Chemically Induced

scholarly journals INFLAMMATION AND IMPACT OF VINCRISTINE AND ENTEROSORPTION USE IN CHEMICALLY INDUCED COLON CARCER IN RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
O. I. Kachur ◽  
L. S. Fira ◽  
P. H. Lykhatskyi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background. The increasing incidence of colon malignant tumors is one of the most urgent matters of contemporary medicine. In the study of carcinogenesis of the colon the attention is paid to the state of the body’s immune system and activation of inflammatory processes in experimental animals. Objective. The aim of the study was to estimate the level of markers of inflammation in the serum of experimental animals with chemically induced carcinogenesis and their dynamics in case of administration of the cytostatic Vincristine secondary to AUT-M carbon enterosorbent. Methods. The study was performed on white male rats. Animals were modeled for colon cancer by administration of 1.2-dimethylhydrazine hydrochloride at a dose of 7.2 mg/kg body weight for 30 weeks. AUT-M enterosorbent was administered intragastrically daily during 7 and 21 days after modeling of carcinogenesis at a dose of 1 ml of suspension (corresponding to 0.2 g of drug weight) per 100 g of animal body weight. The antitumor drug was administered to the animals with induced carcinogenesis intragastrically daily during 14 days at a dose of 0.23 mg/kg of body weight after a 21-day detoxification therapy. The activity of inflammatory processes was evaluated by the content of pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 and anti-inflammatory interleukin 4, C-reactive protein in the serum of experimental animals. Results. It was established that introduction of 1.2-dimethylhydrazine hydrochloride in the rats caused changes in the cytokine profile and the content of C-reactive protein. In the affected animals an increase in the content of pro-inflammatory interleukin 6, C-reactive protein, as well as a decrease in the content of anti-inflammatory interleukin 4 was evidenced in all periods of the study. AUT-M enterosorbent contributed to normalization of these parameters. The cytostatic Vincristine had a negligible effect on development of inflammatory processes in the studied animals. Conclusions. In cases of induced carcinogenesis, an imbalance in the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, an increase in the content of acute-phase C-reactive protein was established. The positive effect of the cytostatic Vincristine secondary to a previous detoxification therapy with AUТ-M sorbent during a progressive development of inflammatory processes in the presence of modeled carcinogenesis was evidenced.

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