scholarly journals Health education for disease prevention: a review of the literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-147
Author(s):  
José Valdeci Almeida Gitirana ◽  
Rosa Maria Batista Pinheiro da Fonseca ◽  
Fábio Marmentini Piloneto ◽  
Luis Felipe Gaia Bevilaqua ◽  
Ingrid de Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Self Knowledge

Currently public policies, government actions and different programs involving Health Education (HE) are carried out in favor of population health. With regard to the theme of HE, this is a multifaceted theme, convergent to various personal conceptions, whether in the area of education or health, which may result in divergent understandings. Due to the complexity of the theme, the problem occurs due to the lack of understanding of what is really population-facing HE, dissolving the importance of HE for preventive measures against different diseases, which generates a high budgetary cost in public health. In view of this context, this article has as its main question: How can health education contribute to the prevention of diseases in the population? The study aimed to present the HE for Disease Prevention (DP), branching out in addressing its concepts, as well as highlighting the legal bases that ensure the HE to the population. To this end, the study was conducted through a literature review by the search sites "Google Scholar", "Scielo" and "PubMed". Through the descriptors: Health Education; Health education as disease prevention; Health Education for the population, where studies were chosen that presented the HE focused on DP. It is concluded that The HE is the education for self-knowledge and reflection on their own health, as well as the full awareness that something goes wrong, attributing the critical reflection of the subject regarding their habits and preventive measures. It is applied through the school curriculum from primary school as well as by government programs in health centers, in order to educate society to raise awareness about preventive measures and promote a better quality of life, thus preventing the spread of diseases.

scholarly journals The mathematical competence of Olympiad participants as an indicator of the quality of mathematical training level

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-187
Author(s):  
Aida O. Keldibekova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Competence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Of Competencies

Introduction. The relevance of the research on the formation and assessment of the level of development of competencies in the mathematical educational field is due to the fact that the subject competence of the participant of the Olympiad predetermines his victory in the competition. And the Mathematical Olympiad, as a form of education, has potential not only for the formation, development, but also for determining the level of mathematical competence of its participants. The research problem is to justify the didactic potential of the mathematical Olympiad as a tool for determining the level of mathematical competence of school students. Aim of the study: to theoretically substantiate, develop and specify the content, indicators of mathematical competence of mathematical Olympiad participants Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the study is determined by: the activity and competence-based approaches to teaching; a retrospective analysis of psychological and pedagogical studies affecting the formation and development of key and subject competencies of schoolchildren; an analysis of the content of mathematical Olympiads; an analysis of the results of Kyrgyz Republic schoolchildren in international mathematical Olympiads; the study and generalization of the experience of juries of Olympiads. Results. The subject Olympiad forms a competence-based educational environment in which the levels of formation of key and subject competencies of its participants are most fully displayed. The competence-based approach to training in the Olympiad environment is characterized by the formulation of objectives from the point of view of the activity approach to the formed competence. Subject competence is leading in determining the quality of the student’s Olympiad activity. The mathematical Olympiad is one of the effective forms of both the formation and development, and the determination of the level of mathematical competence of its participants. The introduction of presented system for preparing schoolchildren for mathematical Olympiads, using model’s formation of mathematical, informational competencies in the experimental group, led to an increase in students' knowledge of the theory and practice of solving Olympiad problems in mathematics by 12,95%; the qualitative indicator of knowledge of the school curriculum in mathematics increased by 15,25%. The index of absolute indicators in the experimental groups in the theory of Olympiad mathematics was 53,12%, in the methods of solving Olympiad problems – 55,38%. In control groups, these indicators were 41,23% and 42,36%, respectively. The qualitative indicator of exam results of schoolchildren of the Olympic reserve turned out to be 19% higher. The results of the questionnaire survey participants of the Olympiads confirm the expediency of using technology for the development of critical thinking, the project method of teaching, ICT in the process of preparing for the Olympiads, contributing to the emergence of motivation to study an extracurricular course in mathematics in 68% of students, 42% of students showed a desire to participate in the Olympiads. The results obtained confirm our conclusions that the development of the mathematical competence of the participants of the Olympiads is successfully realized only in a situation of continuous Olympiad activity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sleep Health Education Based on Telephone Follow-up (Tele-nursing) on Sleep Quality Improvement in Postmenopausal Elderly Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Moradi ◽  
Reza Noori ◽  
Nasim Khajavian ◽  
Kokab Basiri-Moghadam ◽  
Leila Sadeghmoghadam
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and Objective: Poor sleep is one of the most common problems in old age and menopause. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tele-nursing-based sleep health education on sleep quality in postmenopausal elderly women. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 70 elderly people over 60 years of age who referred to urban community health centers of Gonabad City, Iran, and met the inclusion criteria were selected through a systematic sampling and were equally assigned into control and intervention groups. Participants completed a questionnaire that included the demographic questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). After completing the pre-test in the intervention group, the sleep health education program was conducted as a face-to-face training session and a telephone follow-up during two months (12 follow-ups). The control group received routine health care. Post-test was performed in both groups after 2 months. Results: We did not find any significant difference between two groups at bassline variables. Besides, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean score of sleep quality before intervention in the experimental and control groups (P = 0.127), the mean score of sleep quality after the intervention showed a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The sleep health education program based on telephone follow-up can improve the sleep quality of postmenopausal elderly women. Therefore, teaching this non-pharmacological approach to health care workers, staff of community health centers, and caregivers is recommended to improve the sleep quality of postmenopausal elderly women.

scholarly journals Vocational training of future primary school teachers in the use of new pedagogical technologies in working with pupils

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Tamara Turchyn ◽  
Viktoriia Lehin ◽  
Lesja Vysochan ◽  
Lidia Pletenicka ◽  
Maryna Tomchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
General Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
The Subject

The courses «physical education» and «increasing sportsmanship» are an important part of the entire process of preparing future primary school teachers for physical education. It is worth noting that the subject «physical education» should be professionally directed, because it is recommended to transform this course from a purely practical direction into a vocational and pedagogical one, introducing into «physical education» - theoretical, methodological, organizational and pedagogical blocks. The subject «physical education» addresses the tasks of improving the level of physical fitness and improving the quality of vocational and pedagogical training of students. The study of the subject «physical education» provides, in addition to solving the problems of strengthening the health and physical development of students, as well as mastering the technique of certain sports, the methods for teaching individual exercises of the school curriculum, methodological techniques, methods for organizing educational activities and the methodology of the chosen sport. Practical classes on the «theory and methods of physical education» provide for the formation of professional preparedness as a holistic state of certain realities. Examples of the restoration of various forms of out-of-class work in accordance with their functions in the general education system indicate the possibility of ensuring the versatile development of motor qualities of pupils, promoting the preservation and strengthening the mental and physical health of children of all age groups. Considering what has already been said, we propose the formation of professional qualities among students of the faculty for the training of primary school teachers to be held in physical education classes with a sports orientation.

P1854SOCIAL NETWORK AS A SOURCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN NEPHROLOGY: THE CASE OF RENAL HEALTH INSTAGRAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior ◽  
Marjan Askari ◽  
Diovana Dourado ◽  
Thiago Praça Brasil ◽  
Barbara Carneiro de Holanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Background and Aims Chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been affecting a large number of patients worldwide and presents increasing numbers. Beyond professional intervention, it is extremely necessary to have patients’ involvement in treatment. One useful way to disseminate CKD knowledge is the social network, through which we can not only reach a large public interested on the posts, but also influence the routine quality of a CKD patient. The aim of this study is to present the creation of an Instagram profile named “Renal Health”, which focuses on providing specific information for patients with CKD to help them improve the quality of treatment results and maintain a healthy lifestyle, as well as to analyze the spontaneous comments and feedbacks received from its followers. Method The Renal Health project started in 2015, in Fortaleza, Brazil, aiming to create technological tools to help CKD patients cope with the disease and increase adherence to treatment. The research team has a multi-professional background, from Health, Information Technology, Computer Science and Communication fields, and also aims to create educational tools to increase health literacy focusing on kidney disease and its prevention. An Instagram profile (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3-GHeHAndcrRmbE4I_qE_w) have been created to provide people with access to these specialized contents. Within that context, we collected spontaneous comments and feedbacks from 4,229 followers from the Renal Health Instagram posts from June 2018 (when the profile was created) to December 2019. Results We have reached a total of 4,229 followers. There were 505 posts, 16 (3.16%) about medication, 65 (12.87%) about nutrition, 12 (2.3%) about physical exercise, 132 (26.13%) about kidney disease and comorbidities, 82 (16.23%) about CKD treatment, 61 (12.07%) about kidney transplant and organ donation, and 137 (27.12 %) about other subjects, including motivational messages. Of a total of 1,560 comments, we have identified 543 profiles, of these 88 (16.2%) were men, and 412 (75.8%) women, noting the prevalence of women among the comments made. Among those comments, 223 were regarding congratulations on the profile. We have identified 99 patients with kidney diseases, mainly CKD; 81 (81.81%) spontaneously reported their illnesses in their comments, being 46 (56.8%) on dialysis, 13 (16.4%) transplanted patients, 5 (6.7%) glomerulonephritis, 4 (4.9%) kidney stones and 4 (4.9%) renal cysts. In the group of 46 patients on dialysis, we have identified 105 comments, of which 14 were regarding the value of the information on the posts, followed by 71 comments on personal experiences on the subject and 20 comments containing questions about the topic, which we had prompt answered. Among the group of 13 renal transplanted patients, 12 comments demonstrated their happiness after the transplant and their experiences on the subject, and 1 comment containing a question about kidney transplant. We have also identified other health professionals interacting with the profile, declaring that it was helpful to guide their patients. Furthermore, this platform had crossed the borders, being identified comments by people from around the world, such as other South American countries, the Middle East and Europe. The most recent posts can be seen in Figure 1. Conclusion Through the analysis of the comments we noticed the possibility of better knowing the followers of the project, enabling the development of personalized information for each patient. Social networks, such as the Instagram, seem to be great tools for health education and interaction between health care team and patients. In addition, the use of digital platforms to share trusted health information can reach a broad audience.

scholarly journals Why Government Program Evaluation Methodologies Require Improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-81
Keyword(s):  
Program Assessment ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
State Program ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Assessment Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Program Assessment Rating Tool ◽  
Program Output ◽  
Selection Of

Government programs in the Russian Federation are often the subject of strong criticism, especially due to the obvious significant shortcomings in the methodologies used for their evaluation. The reasons for those shortcomings are numerous. Executives in charge of both federal and regional level government programs are sometimes provided with excessive authority for the selection of evaluation methods, and the assessment of target vs. planned indicator values can be statistically unreliable. The criteria for program management assessment are rather perfunctory compared with international practice, which involves meaningful management result evaluation. The algorithms used to calculate efficiency indicators often lead to logical contradictions. Recommendations are given on streamlining assessment methodologies of state program execution, the key ones being: (a) feasibility substantiation and application of the modified Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART) method for assessing the degree of meeting the program’s goals, based on three individual ranking scores which take into account the advisability of pursuing the program, the quality of the program’s management and the program’s final results; (b) method of assessing the program output based on an algorithm which takes account of any inequivalence of subprograms’ target indicators, subprograms themselves and the main target indicators of the state program; (c) method of program performance assessment for a specific calendar year, based on the adjustment of integral evaluation of the program’s output with regard to the correlation between the real and projected amounts of its financing and the dynamics of changes in efficiency assessment rankings for the whole assessment period.

Measuring Service Quality in The Context of Higher Education in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Yen Nguyen Thi Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Education Service ◽  
The Subject

This paper focuses on the understanding of service quality in the context of Vietnamese universities. It proposes an approach for measuring the quality of the higher education service provided by universities in Vietnam. Firstly, an exploratory study was conducted. Then, the set of items which were generated became the subject of a questionnaire that was then administered to 675 students of a Vietnamese university to determine the dimensions of higher education service quality in this context. The obtained results permit us to appropriate a measurement scale which is slightly different from the SERVQUAL scale widely known as the standard for measuring service quality. The results also show that tangible elements, responsiveness and assurance seem to be three specific dimensions of the higher education service of Vietnamese universities.

Thomas More’s Correspondence in a Spanish Ambiance

Moreana ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (Number 149) (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio M. Olivares Merino
Keyword(s):  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The recent reprinting of Álvaro de Silva’s 1998 edition of a selection of More’s letters prompts the author to examine the subject of Spanish translations of More, and of de Silva’s general commentary on More’s correspondence and on his relationship to other humanists. The author reflects on aspects of More’s personality as exposed in his letters and uses what he finds as a corrective to several biographical misconceptions. He points out the strengths and weaknesses of de Silva’s work and compares it with that of other translators, particularly Elizabeth Rogers, and notes the particularly Spanish quality of de Silva’s edition.

From the Synergy to the Discrimination - Analysis of Attitudes and Decisions of the Prison Staff Towards Muslim Prisoners in the Context of Multicultural Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urbanek
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Diverse Groups

The aspiration to keep the synergy in relations between majorities and minorities repeatedly emerges as the cause of conflicts in social relations. It is also a subject of the interest of the multicultural education, particularly in countries of Eastern Europe, building contacts with the culturally and ethnically diverse groups to a wider scale. Relations in culturally, religiously and ethnic diverse societies, are becoming more and more related to the personal attitudes and a given policy. These issues acquire in the prison circumstances even greater significance, as given moods and personal attitudes of the prison staff create the pragmatic aspects of the professional activities addressed to the sentenced. Additionally, the key role is played by the quality of the penitentiary policy and the legal culture. The article presents the comparative analysis of the research carried out in 2016 amongst the prison staff in Poland. The subject of the research concerned attitudes that influence the decisive processes. The personal relations have been analyzed in the context of the relation with the sentenced Muslims. The aim of the research was not only to reveal the quality of the decisions concerning the sentenced Muslims, but also the sources of such decisions. The latter, in consequence, may shift, as the research results prove, towards synergy or discrimination. The diversification of the discrimination was one of the intriguing aspects, disclosed at various levels that not always explicitly concerned the discrimination of the minority.

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