The Role of Angiogenesis Factor in Bladder Tumors

Objectives. To evaluate the role of angiogenesis tumor marker CD31 in the detection of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions and to compare its efficacy with colposcopy and histopathology. Materials and Methods. 230 patients with a suspicious looking cervix and an abnormal Pap smear attending the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of GSVM Medical College were subjected to a colposcopic examination. 180 patients with suspected colposcopic findings were subjected to a colposcopic directed biopsy. Biopsy tissues were sent for histopathological examination out of which 50 biopsied samples were sent for immunostaining of CD-31. Statistical analysis was done. Results. Comparison of microvessel density (MVD) count by haematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) and immunostaining of CD31 in preinvasive group were and , respectively, and in invasive group were and , respectively, which showed that MVD was higher by CD31 both in preinvasive and invasive group, and it was statistically significant. Conclusion. Angiogenesis is a marker of tumor progression, and CD31 fixes up vessel better as compared to HE, so aggressiveness of the tumor can be better predicted by MVD-CD31 as compared to MVD-HE.

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Abstract 2476: The oncogenic role of p63 in altered-FGFR3 bladder tumors

10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-2476 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Macarena Zambrano ◽

Aura I. Moreno-Vega ◽

Florent Dufour ◽

Marianela Sciacca ◽

Yanina V. Langle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bladder Tumors

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Role of P53 Mutations in the Radiosensitivity Status of Tumor Cells

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089169808400501 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 84 (5) ◽

pp. 517-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Vincenzo Chiarugi ◽

Lucia Magnelli ◽

Marina Cinelli

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Cellular Response ◽

P53 Protein ◽

Cell Cycle Control ◽

P53 Mutations ◽

Wild Type ◽

Bladder Tumors ◽

Variable Effect ◽

Wild Type P53

Wild-type p53 is involved in cellular response to DNA damage including cell cycle control, DNA repair and activation of apoptosis. Accumulation of p53 protein following DNA damage may initiate the apoptotic process, resulting in cell death. DNA damage induced by radiation is an example of apoptotic stimulus involving p53. Regulation of apoptosis by p53 can occur through transcriptional regulation of pro-apoptotic (e.g. bax) and anti-apoptotic (e.g. bel-2) factors. Although wild-type p53 usually sensitizes cells to radiation therapy, p53 mutations have a variable effect on radiation response. For example p53 mutations in bone or breast tumors have been found to be associated with resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs or ionizing radiation. Mutated p53 has has been reported to increase sensitivity to radiation and drugs in colorectal and bladder tumors. The present brief commentary tries to find an explanation at molecular level of these conflicting results.

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Treatment of Large Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: The Potential Role of Neoadjuvant Intravesical Chemotherapy

Urologia Internationalis ◽

10.1159/000512052 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Marco Raber ◽

Noor Buchholz ◽

Augusto Vercesi ◽

Nashaat A. Hendawi ◽

Vincenzo Inneo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potential Role ◽

Tumor Volume ◽

Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽

Complete Resection ◽

Bladder Mucosa ◽

Bladder Tumors ◽

Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽

The Mean ◽

Muscle Invasive

Introduction: The endoscopic resection of large and bulky bladder cancers represents a challenge. To reduce the tumor and make it more easy to resect, we used neoadjuvant short and intensive intravesical mitomycin (MMC) therapy. Methods: Patients with large bladder tumors were evaluated for this study. At cystoscopy, the surgeon evaluated the feasibility of complete resection. In patients where this was not possible, biopsies from the tumor, bladder mucosa, and prostatic urethra were taken. These patients then underwent a short and intensive cytoreductive schedule of intravesical MMC. This was then followed by TUR-BT. Results: Fifteen patients were included in our study. The mean age was 74 years (range: 56–82; SD ±6 years). Mean tumor size was 51 mm (range: 35–65; SD ±8 mm). After neoadjuvant treatment, complete resection was then feasible in all patients. The mean tumor volume after the chemo-resection had reduced to 34 mm (range: 10–50; SD ±13 mm). No adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: Intravesical cytoreductive neoadjuvant MMC as an initial treatment of large NMIBC can be considered safe, effective, and feasible.

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Can CT Virtual Cystoscopy Replace Conventional Cystoscopy in Early Detection of Bladder Cancer?

Advances in Urology ◽

10.1155/2015/926590 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sachin Abrol ◽

Ankush Jairath ◽

Sanika Ganpule ◽

Arvind Ganpule ◽

Shashikant Mishra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Bladder Tumor ◽

Urothelial Cancer ◽

Routine Clinical Practice ◽

Bladder Tumors ◽

Virtual Cystoscopy ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Aim. To correlate findings of conventional cystoscopy with CT virtual cystoscopy (CTVC) in detecting bladder tumors and to evaluate accuracy of virtual cystoscopy in early detection of bladder cancer.Material and Method. From June 2013 to June 2014, 50 patients (46 males, four females) with history and investigations suggestive of urothelial cancer, with mean age 62.76 ± 10.45 years, underwent CTVC by a radiologist as per protocol and subsequently underwent conventional cystoscopy (CPE) the same day or the next day. One urologist and one radiologist, blinded to the findings of conventional cystoscopy, independently interpreted the images, and any discrepant readings were resolved with consensus.Result. CTVC detected 23 out of 25 patients with bladder tumor(s) correctly. Two patients were falsely detected as negative while two were falsely labeled as positive in CTVC. Virtual and conventional cystoscopy were comparable in detection of tumor growth in urinary bladder. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of virtual cystoscopy were 92% each.Conclusion. CTVC correlates closely with the findings of conventional cystoscopy. Bladder should be adequately distended and devoid of urine at the time of procedure. However, more studies are required to define the role of virtual cystoscopy in routine clinical practice.

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Novel oncogenic function of ATDC in bladder cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.4591 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 4591-4591

Author(s):

Phillip Lee Palmbos ◽

Lidong Wang ◽

Huibin Yang ◽

Taylor Detzler ◽

Gina Ney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Bladder Cancer ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Pten Expression ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Bladder Tumors ◽

Human Bladder ◽

Urothelial Carcinomas ◽

Normal Bladder

4591 Background: Bladder cancer is a common and deadly disease, but the molecular events leading to its initiation and progression are incompletely understood. We recently identified Ataxia-Telangiectasia Group D Associated (ATDC) as a novel oncogene which drives tumor proliferation and invasion in pancreatic carcinoma (Cancer Cell, 2009). In this study, we describe the role of ATDC as an oncogene in bladder cancer. Methods: To further determine the oncogenic role of ATDC, we generated ATDC transgenic (tg) mice in which ATDC expression was driven by a CMV promoter and characterized the resulting tumors. Results: Interestingly, the dominant phenotype in these mice was the development of both non-invasive and invasive urothelial carcinomas (9% and 20% respectively, average age of onset 10-12 months of age). Histologically, these tumors were indistinguishable from human urothelial carcinomas. Gene expression profiling of invasive tumors derived from ATDC tg mice demonstrated a marked overlap with gene signatures of human invasive bladder cancers. ATDC was the 11th most highly up-regulated gene in bladder cancers represented in the Oncomine gene expression database. Analysis of a human bladder cancer tissue microarray (311 samples) by IHC showed elevated expression in 70% (173/252) of muscle-invasive carcinomas, 22% (5/23) of papillary tumors and little or no expression in normal bladder urothelium. ATDC tg mouse bladder tumors demonstrated loss of p53 signaling and down-regulation of PTEN expression, which correlated with ATDC induced methylation of the PTEN promoter by DNMT3A. Furthermore, ATDC knock-down in invasive cancer cell lines resulted in decreased proliferation, invasion and reactivation of p53-mediated signaling and PTEN expression. Conclusions: ATDC is a novel oncogene that is highly expressed in human bladder cancers and is sufficient to drive the development of invasive bladder tumors in tg mice. The mechanism by which ATDC drives bladder cancer formation involves alterations in p53 and PTEN pathways known to be important in bladder tumorigenesis.

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The emerging role of the androgen receptor in bladder cancer

Endocrine Related Cancer ◽

10.1530/erc-15-0209 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. R265-R277 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Alan P Lombard ◽

Maria Mudryj

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Gender Disparity ◽

Bladder Tumors

Men are three to four times more likely to get bladder cancer than women. The gender disparity characterizing bladder cancer diagnoses has been investigated. One hypothesis is that androgen receptor (AR) signaling is involved in the etiology and progression of this disease. Although bladder cancer is not typically described as an endocrine-related malignancy, it has become increasingly clear that AR signaling plays a role in bladder tumors. This review summarizes current findings regarding the role of the AR in bladder cancer. We discuss work demonstrating AR expression in bladder cancer and its role in promoting formation and progression of tumors. Additionally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting the AR in this disease.

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Role of second-look transurethral resection of bladder tumors

Urological Science ◽

10.4103/uros.uros_93_18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

Beuy Joob ◽

Viroj Wiwanitkit

Keyword(s):

Transurethral Resection ◽

Bladder Tumors ◽

Second Look

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Role of surgeon experience in the outcome of transurethral resection of bladder tumors

European Urology Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1569-9056(19)30680-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. e935

Author(s):

M.H. Ali ◽

A. Eltobgy ◽

I.Y. Ismail ◽

A.A. Ghobeish

Keyword(s):

Transurethral Resection ◽

Bladder Tumors ◽

Surgeon Experience

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ATDC as a novel oncogene in bladder cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.5_suppl.269 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (5_suppl) ◽

pp. 269-269

Author(s):

Phillip Lee Palmbos ◽

Lidong Wang ◽

Huibin Yang ◽

Taylor Detzler ◽

Gina Ney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Bladder Cancer ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Pten Expression ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Bladder Tumors ◽

Human Bladder ◽

Urothelial Carcinomas ◽

Normal Bladder

269 Background: Bladder cancer is a common and deadly disease, but the molecular events leading to its initiation and progression are incompletely understood. We recently identified Ataxia-Telangiectasia Group D Associated (ATDC) as a novel oncogene which drives tumor proliferation and invasion in pancreatic carcinoma (Cancer Cell, 2009). In this study, we describe the role of ATDC as an oncogene in bladder cancer. Methods: To further determine the oncogenic role of ATDC, we generated ATDC transgenic (tg) mice in which ATDC expression was driven by a CMV promoter and characterized the resulting tumors. Results: The dominant phenotype in these mice was the development of both papillary and invasive urothelial carcinomas (9% and 20% respectively, average age of onset 10-12 months of age). Histologically, these tumors were indistinguishable from human urothelial carcinomas. Gene expression profiling of invasive tumors derived from ATDC tg mice demonstrated a marked overlap with gene signatures of human invasive bladder cancers. Analysis of a human bladder cancer tissue microarray (311 samples) showed elevated expression in 70% (173/252) of muscle-invasive carcinomas, whereas normal bladder had no expression. 22% (5/23) of papillary tumors also expressed elevated levels of ATDC. ATDC was the 11th most highly up-regulated gene in bladder cancers represented in the Oncomine gene expression database. ATDC tg mouse bladder tumors demonstrated loss of p53 signaling and down-regulation of PTEN expression, which was determined to be due to ATDC abrogation of p53 function by cytoplasmic sequestration and ATDC-mediated methylation of the PTEN promoter. Furthermore, ATDC knock-down in invasive cancer cell lines resulted in decreased proliferation, invasion and reactivation of p53-mediated signaling and PTEN expression. Conclusions: ATDC is a novel oncogene that is highly expressed in human bladder cancers and is sufficient to drive the development of invasive bladder tumors in tg mice. The mechanism by which ATDC drives bladder cancer formation involves alterations in p53 and PTEN pathways known to be important in bladder tumorigenesis.

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