Problematiche socio-economiche dei processi produttivi e distributivi di beni contraffatti

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Silvestrelli
Keyword(s):  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Made In

Negli ultimi trenta anni è stata rilevata una consistente espansione della produzione e della distribuzione di beni contraffatti a livello globale, in concomitanza allo sviluppo delle imprese industriali del Made in Italy e alla crescente attrattività dei prodotti "di marca". Sono numerosi i settori merceologici colpiti dalla contraffazione di prodotti e di marchi, la quale si configura come un fenomeno "strutturale" degli attuali sistemi economici, coinvolgendo imprese di produzione (regolari e illegali), differenti tipologie di intermediari commerciali (soprattutto quelli abusivi) e cittadini.Il presente lavoro è diretto ad analizzare i fattori-causa e le caratteristiche tecniche, economiche e sociali della contraffazione, collegando tali variabili alle trasformazioni verificatesi nelle strutture produttive, nei sistemi di distribuzione e nei modelli di consumo del nostro Paese. A tal fine, si evidenziano le interdipendenze tra questi fenomeni e i comportamenti dei soggetti economici, alla luce dell'evoluzione del modus operandi di fare affari, indotta dalla globalizzazione economica.Si delinea così uno "schema interpretativo" del fenomeno, che appare ormai come un insieme di attività illegali non del tutto avulse dalle filiere e dai distretti produttivi. Analizzando le ripercussioni socio-economiche della contraffazione e i danni da questa provocati ai vari soggetti (imprese, lavoratori, Stato e cittadini), vengono presentati alcuni strumenti per contrastare i comportamenti illeciti delle organizzazioni criminali; ciò al fine di tutelare i prodotti Made in Italy e le strategie di investimento delle imprese virtuose italiane.

scholarly journals Follow The Money Approach in The Management of Fishing Criminals by Fisheries PPNS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Rizki Zakariya
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
The Many ◽  
Made In

The many cases of Illegal Fishing, threaten the wealth of fisheries and sovereignty of Indonesia. This study aims to explain the urgency of the Follow the Money approach in handling fisheries crime cases by PPNS Fisheries. Then provide concrete recommendations for the Follow the Money implementation in handling fisheries crime cases. This paper is a  normative  juridical study,  which  is  processed qualitatively. The results of this study indicate the urgency of the Follow the Money approach in handling fisheries crime cases by PPNS Fisheries due to Indonesia's large fishery wealth; the magnitude of the threat of illegal fishing in Indonesia; lack of fisheries crime cases handled by PPNS Fisheries; and the development of the modus operandi of fisheries criminals. Then, the efforts made in the Follow the Money approach are by increasing collaboration with PPATK institutions; increased cooperation with international law enforcement agencies; and the use of electronic transaction evidence as evidence at court.

scholarly journals O retorno da Companhia, a partir das missões populares dos jesuítas espanhóis, no extremo sul do Brasil (1842-1867) * The return of the Company, as from the popular missions of the Spanish Jesuits, in extreme Southern Brazil (1842-1867)

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
LUIZ FERNANDO MEDEIROS RODRIGUES
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
Made In

<p><strong>Resumo: </strong>Durante os primeiros anos do Segundo Reinado (1840-1889), a Província de São Pedro do Rio Grande estava em estado de agitação política, conseqüência da guerra civil, conhecida como Revolução Farroupilha (1835-1845). É neste contexto que o retorno dos jesuítas ao Brasil e missões foi feito na região sul do país, entre 1842-1845. Este artigo tem como objetivo buscar compreender os acontecimentos que tornaram possível a "restauração" da Companhia de Jesus no Brasil. A ação missionária desses jesuítas nos permitirá compreender o modus operandi dos jesuítas, também o método seguido em missões populares, destacando as necessárias alianças que entrelaçaram com o clero diocesano, visando enfrentar a resistência das elites maçônico-liberais.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Jesuítas – Missões populares – Restauração da Companhia.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>During the first years of the second reign (1840-1889), the Province of St. Pedro do Rio Grande was in a state of political upheaval, a consequence of the civil war, known as Farroupilha Revolution (1835-1845). It is in this context that the return of the Jesuits to Brazil and missions was made in the southern region of the country, between 1842-1845. This article aims to seek to understand the events that made possible the “restoration” of the Society of Jesus in Brazil. The missionary action of these Jesuits will enable us to understand the the modus operandi of the Jesuits, also the method followed in popular missions, stressing the necessary alliances that had entwine with the diocesan clergy, in addition to facing the resistance of the Masonic-liberal elites.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Jesuits – Popular Missions – Company Restoration. <strong></strong></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals ARISTOCRACY AND POPULAR ENGAGEMENT IN REPUBLICAN ROMAN POLITICS

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 364-383
Author(s):  
Jonathan Cruz Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Popular Engagement ◽  
Made In ◽  
Patronage System ◽  
Res Publica

One of the recurrent themes in contemporary historiography on political and social organization of roman state resides on the participation or not of the population in decisions made in the different assemblies of roman citizens. Some of the discrepancies arise from the Roman citizens’ sovereignty in these elections and the role of aristocracy in controlling these decisions, either through patronage system or by the assemblies’ modus operandi themselves.  The answer to these questions involves analyzing the place of aristocracy and plebs in this system, as well as the knowledge on the traditions system that ruled the res publica. This article aims at reflecting about the participation of the different social groups in Roman political process, by analyzing the political process and its traditions.

Beyond authenticity An ethnographic reflection on Italians in Australia and Italians in Italy

2021 ◽  
pp. 144078332110160
Author(s):  
Simone Marino
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Alter Ego ◽  
Made In

This article highlights a divergence between equivalent cultural practices undertaken by Calabrians in Italy and by individuals originating from Calabria living in Australia. It offers a reflexive framework on identity and authenticity. Previous research on a group of Calabrian-Australian families living in Australia found a widespread feeling among participants that they were ‘more Italian’ than the Italians who live in Italy. On the other hand, similar claims were made in Italy, during a brief period of fieldwork in Calabria among the ‘sedentaries’ (those who did not emigrate). Data show differences between the modus operandi of equivalent cultural practices among the participants in Adelaide and in Calabria and a divergence in participants’ perceptions of ethnic identity and authenticity. In proposing the terms ‘Archetype village’ and ‘Alter Ego village’ to refer respectively to the migrants’ village of origin and their community overseas the article examines notions of authenticity utilising socio-anthropological theory.

scholarly journals The Party in Krzysztof Kieślowski’s Films

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (33) ◽  
pp. 137-153
Author(s):  
Piotr Zwierzchowski
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Party Member ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Made In ◽  
Krzysztof Kieslowski

Probably no other Polish filmmaker has devoted as much attention to the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) as Krzysztof Kieślowski did in his films. Early on, he perceived the party as an organization where one could meet people with different desires, motivations and modus operandi. Kieślowski’s perspective could be defined as such: do not judge the whole, focus on individuals. His subsequent films present a change in this perspective. Workers and devoted members of the communist party were in the center of the director’s interest in some of his early films. Later, he focused more and more on individuals, especially those who had to face the party as a structure and hierarchy. Kieślowski’s films made in the early 1980s show party leaders and people in charge who eventually turn out to be losers. Kieślowski perceived various aspects and forms of being a party member, not only as a stepping stone for one’s career. He saw and presented the everyday life of PZPR, relations between the authorities and society, and its members and representatives of the party apparatus. He was quite critical about the party and people in charge, but also tried to see and present the reasons motivating their conduct. Social and political changes in Poland in the early 1980s made this kind of approach increasingly difficult for Kieślowski.

Spectrophotometric measurements of objective-prism spectra

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
Th. Schmidt-Kaler
Keyword(s):  
Progress Report ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Objective Prism ◽  
Made In

I should like to give you a very condensed progress report on some spectrophotometric measurements of objective-prism spectra made in collaboration with H. Leicher at Bonn. The procedure used is almost completely automatic. The measurements are made with the help of a semi-automatic fully digitized registering microphotometer constructed by Hög-Hamburg. The reductions are carried out with the aid of a number of interconnected programmes written for the computer IBM 7090, beginning with the output of the photometer in the form of punched cards and ending with the printing-out of the final two-dimensional classifications.

Surface Structure in Microtomed Sections Caused by Glass and Diamond Knives

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black ◽  
William G. Boldosser
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Carbon Coating ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Body Angle ◽  
Normal Manner ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Cutting Direction ◽  
Made In ◽  
Diamond Knife

Ultramicrotomy produces plastic deformation in the surfaces of microtomed TEM specimens which can not generally be observed unless special preparations are made. In this study, a typical biological composite of tissue (infundibular thoracic attachment) infiltrated in the normal manner with an embedding epoxy resin (Epon 812 in a 60/40 mixture) was microtomed with glass and diamond knives, both with 45 degree body angle. Sectioning was done in Portor Blum Mt-2 and Mt-1 microtomes. Sections were collected on formvar coated grids so that both the top side and the bottom side of the sections could be examined. Sections were then placed in a vacuum evaporator and self-shadowed with carbon. Some were chromium shadowed at a 30 degree angle. The sections were then examined in a Phillips 300 TEM at 60kv.Carbon coating (C) or carbon coating with chrom shadowing (C-Ch) makes in effect, single stage replicas of the surfaces of the sections and thus allows the damage in the surfaces to be observable in the TEM. Figure 1 (see key to figures) shows the bottom side of a diamond knife section, carbon self-shadowed and chrom shadowed perpendicular to the cutting direction. Very fine knife marks and surface damage can be observed.

Iron storage sites in the myocardium as revealed by cytohistochemistry

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 394-395
Author(s):  
M. Ashraf ◽  
F. Thompson ◽  
S. Miki ◽  
P. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Coronary Perfusion ◽  
Intracellular Iron ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Made In

Iron is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic injury. However, the sources of intracellular iron in myocytes are not yet defined. In this study we have attempted to localize iron at various cellular sites of the cardiac tissue with the ferrocyanide technique.Rat hearts were excised under ether anesthesia. They were fixed with coronary perfusion with 3% buffered glutaraldehyde made in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer pH 7.3. Sections, 60 μm in thickness, were cut on a vibratome and were incubated in the medium containing 500 mg of potassium ferrocyanide in 49.5 ml H2O and 0.5 ml concentrated HC1 for 30 minutes at room temperature. Following rinses in the buffer, tissues were dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in Spurr medium.The examination of thin sections revealed intense staining or reaction product in peroxisomes (Fig. 1).

Microanalysis of precipitates in a ferritic steel

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 618-619
Author(s):  
J.M. Titchmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Particle Identification ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Made In

The advances in recent years in the microanalytical capabilities of conventional TEM's fitted with probe forming lenses allow much more detailed investigations to be made of the microstructures of complex alloys, such as ferritic steels, than have been possible previously. In particular, the identification of individual precipitate particles with dimensions of a few tens of nanometers in alloys containing high densities of several chemically and crystallographically different precipitate types is feasible. The aim of the investigation described in this paper was to establish a method which allowed individual particle identification to be made in a few seconds so that large numbers of particles could be examined in a few hours.A Philips EM400 microscope, fitted with the scanning transmission (STEM) objective lens pole-pieces and an EDAX energy dispersive X-ray analyser, was used at 120 kV with a thermal W hairpin filament. The precipitates examined were extracted using a standard C replica technique from specimens of a 2¼Cr-lMo ferritic steel in a quenched and tempered condition.

AEM investigation of ZrO2 solid solution formation in ZrO2/mullite composites

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
T. R. Dinger
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transformation Toughening ◽  
Solid Solution Formation ◽  
Solution Formation ◽  
Propagating Crack ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Microcrack Toughening ◽  
Made In

Zirconia (ZrO2) is often added to ceramic compacts to increase their toughness. The mechanisms by which this toughness increase occurs are generally accepted to be those of transformation toughening and microcracking. The mechanism of transformation toughening is based on the presence of metastable tetragonal ZrO2 which transforms to the monoclinic allotrope when stressed by a propagating crack. The decrease in volume which accompanies this transformation effectively relieves the applied stress at the crack tip and toughens the material; microcrack toughening arises from the deflection of a propagating crack around sharply angular inclusions.These mechanisms, however, do not explain the toughness increases associated with the class of composites investigated here. Analytical electron microscopy (AEM) has been used to determine whether solid solution effects could be the cause of this increased toughness. Specimens of a mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) + 15 vol. % ZrO2 were prepared by the usual technique of mechanical thinning followed by ion beam milling. All observations were made in a Philips EM400 TEM/STEM microscope fitted with EDXS and EELS spectrometers.

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