The Sociology of Health and Medicine in Poland

2012 ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Zofia Slonska ◽  
Wlodzimierz Piatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Medical Sociology ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Political Context ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
International Context ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sociology Of Health

There is no doubt that the specificity of the country political context of the early 1950s contributed to the delay of the Polish medical sociology development. In 1951 as a result of the political decision, practicing sociology as an official scientific discipline, was prohibited. Its resurgence came after 1956. The growing domestic and international position of the Polish sociology enabled to initiate not only the activity of the general sociology but also the activity of its subdisciplines, including the medical sociology. The process of institutionalization of medical sociology in Poland has started since the beginning of 1960s. Its founder was a prominent medical sociologist Magdalena Sokolowska. Taking into account the existence of the strong connections of the Polish medical sociology both with medicine and the general sociology we can speak about its double identity. That feature of it decided about its specificity in European countries. Magdalena Sokolowska named it "intellectual hybrid". The subject of the article is the process of institutionalization and transformation of the Polish medical sociology since the beginning in the early 1960s until nowadays, in the international context.

La Sociologia della salute e della medicina in Polonia

2012 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Zofia Slonska ◽  
Wlodzimierz Piatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Medical Sociology ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Political Context ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
International Context ◽  
The Subject

There is no doubt that the specificity of the country political context of the early 1950s contributed to the delay of the Polish medical sociology development. In 1951 as a result of the political decision, practicing sociology as an official scientific discipline, was prohibited. Its resurgence came after 1956. The growing domestic and international position of the Polish sociology enabled to initiate not only the activity of the general sociology but also the activity of its subdisciplines, including the medical sociology. The process of institutionalization of medical sociology in Poland has started since the beginning of 1960s. Its founder was a prominent medical sociologist Magdalena Sokolowska. Taking into account the existence of the strong connections of the Polish medical sociology both with medicine and the general sociology we can speak about its double identity. That feature of it decided about its specificity in European countries. Magdalena Sokolowska named it "intellectual hybrid". The subject of the article is the process of institutionalization and transformation of the Polish medical sociology since the beginning in the early 1960s until nowadays, in the international context.

Atypical Presentation of Neurobrucellosis as Infection of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul-Ciprian Covrig ◽  
Jasmina Petridou ◽  
Ulrich J. Knappe
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Political Context ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
The World ◽  
Surgery First ◽  
Endemic Areas

AbstractBrucellosis is a frequent zoonosis in some regions of the world and may cause various symptoms. Neurobrucellosis is a rare but serious complication of the infection. Our case report describes the course of neurobrucellosis in a patient who had received a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in his native country 13 years prior to diagnosis of brucellosis. He initially presented to us with symptoms of peritonitis, which misled us to perform abdominal surgery first. After the diagnosis of neurobrucellosis was confirmed and appropriate antibiotics were initiated, the symptoms soon disappeared. Although the ventriculoperitoneal shunt was subsequently removed, the patient did not develop a symptomatic hydrocephalus further on. This case displays the challenges in diagnosing an infection that occurred sporadically in Europe and may be missed by currently applied routine microbiological workup. Considering the political context, with increasing relocation from endemic areas to European countries, it is to be expected that the cases of brucellosis and neurobrucellosis will rise. Brucellosis should be considered and adequate investigations should be performed.

scholarly journals Interrogating the efficiency paradigm : a study of language analysis as evidence in refugee status determination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Colleen Pease
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
News Media ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
The Subject

In 1993, Sweden commenced the unprecedented practice of using Language Analysis (LA) as evidence in refugee status determination. Since that time, Western governments trying to cope with the perceived refugee crisis have similarly adopted the tool to corroborate and undermine the nationality claims of asylum seekers crossing borders without identity documents. During this same period, language professionals, lawyers, various news media, and others across the globe have proceeded to fuel international controversy on the subject, largely challenging the linguistic integrity of the tool, while investing less energy addressing the political context of use, as well as the implications for violations of refugee rights. In 2007, Canada reflected prioritized concerns for efficiency when it made public a pilot project to address the value of this language tool in aiding status decision-making. This paper interrogates the Canadian efficiency paradigm through the Australian lens of LA in practice. In exposing the ethical and legal sites of likely disengagement should Canada proceed with implementation, this paper cautions against LA becoming the most recent assault on a Canadian protection regime already under siege.

scholarly journals A political corrida. Spanish-Catalan parallels

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
Wioletta Husar-Poliszuk
Keyword(s):  
Animal Rights ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
The Subject

AbstractThe Corrida de tores, as an important component of Spanish culture, has also been the subject of a dispute between the aficionados (supporters of the corrida) and the antitaurinos (opponents of the corrida) for centuries. Naturally, the spectacle has become an object of interest for researchers not only in the socio-cultural context, where it is becoming a spectacle full of artistry, accompanied by great emotions, or a tradition in some aspects resembling the Fiesta Nacional, but also becoming increasingly important on the political, moral and ethical level. The latter is related to the issue of animal protection and their humane treatment, while in the political dimension the links between the taurammatic tradition and the actions of political decision-makers are mainly analysed. Importantly, in the Catalan and Spanish public spaces, the corrida has become a national sporting role, with similar links to politics. In the light of the Catalan-Spanish antagonisms, this perspective is gaining particular importance, as evidenced, for example, by the flashback of football competition (Real Madrid FC vs. FC Barcelona) in the country under Francisco Franco’s regime, where sporting competition became an exemplary political game.The aim of the article is to analyze the dispute between politicians in Madrid and Catalanists and independents in the region in the context of the banning of the de toros corrida in Catalonia in 2010 and the reaction of the centre’s decision making centre to these actions. Moreover, the motives for this ban are sought, whether they are of an autotelic nature - in this case, the protection of animal rights -or whether they show the traits of instrumental use of tradition, de facto considered to be a “foreign”, because Spanish, part of the rhetoric and real policy pursued by Catalan nationalists and independents in the era of radicalisation of the independence movement in Catalonia.

1. Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Costigan ◽  
Richard Stone
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Political Context ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Context ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Uk

Course-focused and comprehensive, the Textbook on series provide an accessible overview of the key areas on the law curriculum. This introductory chapter provides an overview of the main themes covered in the present volume. It first considers the political context in which the discussion of the law is to take place. It then discusses human rights and civil liberties; the meaning of rights; protection of rights and liberties within the UK Constitution; the international context of the monitoring of human rights; and the European Convention on Human Rights.

scholarly journals The meaning of democracy vs. ideology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Grażul-Luft
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Past ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject

The subject of research refers to changes in the meaning of the lexeme democracy over the past 20 years, noticeable in texts from the Polish press of specific ideological profile. The authors of press texts often expand the meaning, saturating it with emotions and evaluating. On the basis of examples of using a word in texts, there have been definitional sentences created testifying to the extensions of meanings comparing to those found in the Polish language presented in dictionaries. The analysis demonstrates that the understanding of the word democracy depends on the political context and is subject to modifications resulting from ideological entanglements.

scholarly journals Interrogating the efficiency paradigm : a study of language analysis as evidence in refugee status determination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Colleen Pease
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
News Media ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
The Subject

In 1993, Sweden commenced the unprecedented practice of using Language Analysis (LA) as evidence in refugee status determination. Since that time, Western governments trying to cope with the perceived refugee crisis have similarly adopted the tool to corroborate and undermine the nationality claims of asylum seekers crossing borders without identity documents. During this same period, language professionals, lawyers, various news media, and others across the globe have proceeded to fuel international controversy on the subject, largely challenging the linguistic integrity of the tool, while investing less energy addressing the political context of use, as well as the implications for violations of refugee rights. In 2007, Canada reflected prioritized concerns for efficiency when it made public a pilot project to address the value of this language tool in aiding status decision-making. This paper interrogates the Canadian efficiency paradigm through the Australian lens of LA in practice. In exposing the ethical and legal sites of likely disengagement should Canada proceed with implementation, this paper cautions against LA becoming the most recent assault on a Canadian protection regime already under siege.

The Consociational Democracy Theme

1974 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Daalder
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Third World ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Democracies ◽  
Consociational Democracy ◽  
Terra Incognita ◽  
The Subject

The books that are the subject of this review share three important characteristics.1. They deal exclusively, or at least predominantly, with the political experiences of some smaller European countries which have traditionally been terra incognita on the map of comparative politics. Most writing in the field of comparative politics has centered eidier on the larger developed countries or on the developing states in die Third World. The Scandinavian and Benelux countries, Austria, and Switzerland have eidier been neglected or treated as isolated phenomena, mainly of folkloristic interest. As a category, they have been written off (widi die exception of Austria) as “the sober parliamentary democracies,” or as examples (listed with a note of surprise) of “working multi-party systems.”

Modernity, Shoshimin Films, and the Proletarian-Film Movement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Takinami
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
Political Attitude ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Movie Camera

This chapter resituates the question of modernity in Ozu’s shoshimin eiga within the cultural and political context of proletarian-film movement in the 1930s. This chapter first focuses on the writings by leftist film critics. While, as is today, the term “shoshimin” designated the subject depicted in films, the same term was further used to underline the political attitude of the director. Consequently, “shoshimin eiga” acquired an implication quite opposite to that of today: the politically weak films taken from the shoshimin standpoint. The chapter further develops this other implication of shoshimin eiga, analyzing the film-within-film scene of I Was Born, But . . . with reference to Dziga Vertov’s Man with a Movie Camera. By foregrounding the fact that Man with a Movie Camera was released in Japan in March 1932 when Ozu took I Was Born, But . . . , this chapter makes explicit the lack of the cinema politics of revolutionary awaking in Ozu’s films.

scholarly journals Intersections between Diplomacy and Philosophy: Athens, Rome

Problemos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Tatjana Aleknienė
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
History Of Diplomacy

The political context of Greek philosophy and its political themes are the subject of numerous studies, but the relation between diplomacy and philosophy, to the best of my knowledge, has not yet been studied. In this article I examine two episodes of diplomatic missions that have left a clear mark on the history of philosophy and I try to show that the link between the history of diplomacy and the history of philosophy is neither accidental nor superficial.

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