Review on Manufacturing of Metal Foams

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Koon Tatt Tan
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Foams ◽  
Polymer Precursor ◽  
The Common ◽  
Metal Properties ◽  
State Processing

Metal foams possess excellent physical and mechanical properties. This paper reviews the common manufacturing process of metal foams. Various ways used to produce metal foams based on metal properties are described. The manufacturing process follows four primary routes: liquid state, solid state, ion or vapour processing. Liquid-state processing produces porosity to liquid or semi-liquid metals, and solid-state foaming produces metal foams with metal powder as starting material. For ion and vapour processing methods, metals are electro-deposited onto a polymer precursor. The polymer precursor is removed by chemical or heat treatment to produce metal foams. The advantages and limitations of each manufacturing process are also described.

Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite – An Insight into Solid State and Liquid State Processes

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 234-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Padmavathi ◽  
R. Ramakrishnan ◽  
K. Palanikumar
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Aluminium Metal ◽  
State Processing

Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) are being considered as a group of superior material for its lightness, strength, high specific modulus, low coefficient of thermal expansion and good wear resistance properties. Solid state and liquid state processing methods are used to fabricate AMMCs. Achieving a uniform distribution of reinforcement within the matrix is one such challenge, which affects directly on the properties and quality of composite material. Powder metallurgy route, one of the solid state processing methods can be effectively used to get uniform dispersion of reinforcements with aluminium metal matrix. This paper presents the summary of the ball milling and stir casting processes to fabricate the AMMCs and its applications. Major issues like ball milling time, dispersion of reinforcements, grain size, the stirring time and speed are discussed. Also the effect of different reinforcement for AMMCs on the mechanical properties is discussed in detail.

Synthesis of Zr-Based Glassy Alloy Foams

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 739-742
Author(s):  
A.K. Prasada Rao ◽  
Yoon S. Oh ◽  
Nack J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Liquid State ◽  
Glassy Alloy ◽  
Metal Foams ◽  
Amorphous Metal ◽  
Infiltration Technique ◽  
Copper Mould ◽  
State Processing

The present basically concerns with the synthesis of foamy structured amorphous Zrbased alloy, Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10.0Be22.5 (Vit-1), by liquid state processing. In this method, melt was injected in to the evacuated interstitial voids of the NaCl crystals placed in a copper mould. The casting has been subsequently washed with a jet of water to ensure the removal of NaCl entrapped in the casting, thus resulting in a porous structured casting. It shows the possibility of synthesizing amorphous metal foams with large dimensions using salt infiltration technique.

Semi-Solid High Pressure Die Casting of Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Liquid State Processing

2012 ◽  
Vol 192-193 ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Ivanchev ◽  
Sigqibo Templeton Camagu ◽  
Gonasagren Govender
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Pressure Die Casting ◽  
State Processing

There are two main technologies for manufacturing of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites (MMC), solid state and liquid state processing. The great challenge of producing cast metal matrix composites is to prevent agglomeration of particulates. This tendency is more pronounced with decreasing the particulate size to fine micro- and nano size. A method for producing MMC was successfully implemented for mixing hybrid, nano and low micron sized, reinforcing particles in an aluminium alloy matrix. The hybrid SiC particles were produced by milling 3µm to 5µm SiC particles to a particle size range between 2.5µm and 150 nm. The hybrid particles were mixed with A356 aluminium alloy under combined magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) and mechanical stirring. The composite was then transferred to a High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) machine in the semi-solid state. The micron size particles were found to be predominantly in the intergranular eutectic while the nano-particles were predominantly in the primary α-Al grains. Increased ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and hardness were achieved for the new cast metal matrix hybrid component (MMHC) alloy.

Si(Li) detector for microanalysis cooled by thermoelectric device

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1736-1737
Author(s):  
Shaul Barkan
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Peltier Cooler ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
The Common

Cooling down solid state detecors, with other different way then liquid Nitrogen, is a goal of many vendors and customers since the invention of these detectors. THe disadvantage of the common way of liquid Nitrogen is first the inavailibility of the LN in many uses (like space military and any other applications that are not done inside a well organize Laboratory). The use of LN also considers as a Labor consumer in addition to the big dewar that has to be added to any detector for storing the LN, the boiling of the LN, may cause microphonics problesm and the refiling of the dewar in many Labs is a complicated process due to inconvenience location of the microscope.In this paper I will show a spectra result of 10mm2 SiLi detector for microanalysis use, cooled by peltier cooler. The peltier cooler has the advantage of non-microphonics and non-labor needed (like adding LN to the dewar).

scholarly journals Understanding solid-state processing of pharmaceutical cocrystals via milling: Role of tablet excipients

2021 ◽  
Vol 601 ◽  
pp. 120514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahamatullah Shaikh ◽  
Saeed Shirazian ◽  
Sarah Guerin ◽  
Eoin Sheehan ◽  
Damien Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Pharmaceutical Cocrystals ◽  
Tablet Excipients ◽  
State Processing

scholarly journals The intimate relationship between structural relaxation and the energy landscape of monatomic liquid metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Demmel ◽  
Louis Hennet ◽  
Noel Jakse
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Velocity Field ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Transport Parameter ◽  
Arrhenius Behavior ◽  
Liquid Aluminium ◽  
Potential Energy Landscape

AbstractThe characteristic property of a liquid, discriminating it from a solid, is its fluidity, which can be expressed by a velocity field. The reaction of the velocity field on forces is enshrined in the transport parameter viscosity. In contrast, a solid reacts to forces elastically through a displacement field, the particles are trapped in their potential minimum. The flow in a liquid needs enough thermal energy to overcome the changing potential barriers, which is supported through a continuous rearrangement of surrounding particles. Cooling a liquid will decrease the fluidity of a particle and the mobility of the neighbouring particles, resulting in an increase of the viscosity until the system comes to an arrest. This process with a concomitant slowing down of collective particle rearrangements might already start deep inside the liquid state. The idea of the potential energy landscape provides an attractive picture for these dramatic changes. However, despite the appealing idea there is a scarcity of quantitative assessments, in particular, when it comes to experimental studies. Here we present results on a monatomic liquid metal through a combination of ab initio molecular dynamics, neutron spectroscopy and inelastic x-ray scattering. We investigated the collective dynamics of liquid aluminium to reveal the changes in dynamics when the high temperature liquid is cooled towards solidification. The results demonstrate the main signatures of the energy landscape picture, a reduction in the internal atomic structural energy, a transition to a stretched relaxation process and a deviation from the high-temperature Arrhenius behavior of the relaxation time. All changes occur in the same temperature range at about $$1.4 \cdot T_{melting}$$ 1.4 · T melting , which can be regarded as the temperature when the liquid aluminium enters the landscape influenced phase and enters a more viscous liquid state towards solidification. The similarity in dynamics with other monatomic liquid metals suggests a universal dynamic crossover above the melting point.

Joining of Ti3SiC2 with Ti–6Al–4V Alloy

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.F. Gao ◽  
Y. Miyamoto
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Parabolic Rate Constant ◽  
Diffusion Path ◽  
Solid State Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
State Diffusion ◽  
Rate Controlled ◽  
Higher Temperature

The joining of a Ti3SiC2 ceramic with a Ti–6Al–4V alloy was carried out at the temperature range of 1200–1400 °C for 15 min to 4 h in a vacuum. The total diffusion path of joining was determined to be Ti3SiC2/Ti5Si3Cx/Ti5Si3Cx + TiCx/TiCx/Ti. The reaction was rate controlled by the solid-state diffusion below 1350 °C and turned to the liquid-state diffusion controlled with a dramatic increase of parabolic rate constant Kp when the temperature exceeded 1350 °C. The TiCx tended to grow at the boundarywith the Ti–6Al–4V alloy at a higher temperature and longer holding time. TheTi3SiC2/Ti–6Al–4V joint is expected to be applied to implant materials.

Structural phase diagram for superconducting cuprates solid state processing for enhanced flux pinning

1992 ◽  
Vol 194 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 150-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Tallon ◽  
D.M. Pooke ◽  
R.G. Buckley ◽  
M.R. Presland ◽  
A. Mawdsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Flux Pinning ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Superconducting Cuprates ◽  
State Processing
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