APPLYING RATIONAL MODEL APPROACH IN DECISION MAKING FOR PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF ZIKA OUTBREAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Rational Model ◽  
Model Approach

scholarly journals Strategy selection as rational metareasoning

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falk Lieder ◽  
Tom Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Human Reasoning ◽  
Strategy Selection ◽  
Heuristics And Biases ◽  
Rational Model ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Human Rationality

Many contemporary accounts of human reasoning assume that the mind is equipped with multiple heuristics that could be deployed to perform a given task. This raises the question how the mind determines when to use which heuristic. To answer this question, we developed a rational model of strategy selection, based on the theory of rational metareasoning developed in the artificial intelligence literature. According to our model people learn to efficiently choose the strategy with the best cost-benefit tradeoff by learning a predictive model of each strategy’s performance. We found that our model can provide a unifying explanation for classic findings from domains ranging from decision-making to problem-solving and arithmetic by capturing the variability of people’s strategy choices, their dependence on task and context, and their development over time. Systematic model comparisons supported our theory, and four new experiments confirmed its distinctive predictions. Our findings suggest that people gradually learn to make increasingly more rational use of fallible heuristics. This perspective reconciles the two poles of the debate about human rationality by integrating heuristics and biases with learning and rationality.

scholarly journals Pitfalls and perils of survival analysis under incorrect assumptions: the case of Covid-19 data

Biomédica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (Sp. 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Piovani ◽  
Georgios K. Nikolopoulos ◽  
Stefanos Bonovas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Current Medical Research ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Parametric Survival ◽  
Parametric Survival Analysis ◽  
Non Parametric

Non-parametric survival analysis has become a very popular statistical method in current medical research. Employing, however, survival methodology when its fundamental assumptions are not fulfilled can severely bias the results. Currently, hundreds of clinical studies are using survival methods to investigate factors potentially associated with the prognosis of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19), and test new preventive and therapeutic strategies. In the pandemic era, it is more critical than ever that decision-making is evidence-based and relies on solid statistical methods. However, this is not always the case. Serious methodologic errors have been identified in recent seminal studies about Covid-19: one reporting outcomes of patients treated with remdesivir, and another one on the epidemiology, clinical course and outcomes of critically-ill patients. High-quality evidence is essential to inform clinicians about optimal Covid-19 therapies, and policymakers about the true effect of preventive measures aiming to tackle the pandemic. Though timely evidence is needed, we should encourage the appropriate application of survival analysis methods and careful peer-review to avoid publishing flawed results, which could affect decision-making. In this paper, we recapitulate the basic assumptions underlying non-parametric survival analysis and frequent errors in its application, and discuss how to handle data of Covid-19.

Optimising maize sowing under irregular rainfall distribution in northern Thailand: A model approach for improved decision-making

2022 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 108432
Author(s):  
Nuttapon Khongdee ◽  
Thomas Hilger ◽  
Wanwisa Pansak ◽  
Georg Cadisch
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Model Approach

The Moral Limitations of the Rational-Monistic Model

2015 ◽  
pp. 127-145
Author(s):  
Galit Berenstok ◽  
Ishak Saporta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Rational Action ◽  
Rational Decision ◽  
Rational Model ◽  
Utility Value ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
Range Of Values

This chapter proposes a rational-pluralistic model for decision making in organizations. The authors developed this model as a potential solution to the negative moral implications (such as alienation from the workplace) that the formal rational decision making model has on organization employees. The negative moral implications are due to the fact that the formal rational model is monistic, limited by the considerations of the organization's utility, and neglects moral values and non-utility values that are related to the employee. The rational-pluralistic model is based on a revision of the concept of rationality and rational action. The basic assumption of this model is that there is a range of values other than the utility value that are involved in rational decision making. The more extended definition of rationality makes it possible to avoid a situation in which employees are only the means for organization goals, rather than ends in themselves.

Simulation of consumers decision-making process using agent-based model approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950037
Author(s):  
Daniel Soto Forero ◽  
Yony F. Ceballos ◽  
German Sànchez Torres
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Real Data ◽  
World Market ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Dynamic Social Network ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Model Approach

This paper describes a model to simulate the decision-making process of consumers that adopts technology within a dynamic social network. The proposed model use theories and tools from the psychology of consumer behavior, social networks and complex dynamical systems like the Consumat framework and fuzzy logic. The model has been adjusted using real data, tested with the automobile market and it can recreate trends like those described in the world market.

RATIONAL MODEL OF DECISION MAKING, STRATEGY, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRENE GOLL ◽  
RAKESH B. SAMBHARYA
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Rational Model

scholarly journals Toward understanding Malaysian fishermen's decision making on the use of fishing technology: A mental model approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azimi Hamzah ◽  
Steven E. Krauss ◽  
Hayrol A. M. Shaffril ◽  
Turiman Suandi ◽  
Ismi A. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
Model Approach
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