scholarly journals Standards for the safe administration of chemotherapy in oncological patients 2015 – 2020: A systematic review [Estándares para la administración segura de quimioterapia en pacientes oncológicos 2015 – 2020: Revisión Sistemática]

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Yuly Susan Quispe Condor ◽  
Liz Edenia García Saavedra ◽  
Johanna Elizabeth Rodríguez Zambrano ◽  
Mary Baneza Espinoza Acuña ◽  
Olga Georgina Bedoya Ticlavilca
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Care Guidelines

Cancer is currently a public health problem. It should be noted that most patients require treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy among other procedures to recover their health. The aim of this study was to analyze the development of scientific evidence on standards for the safe administration of chemotherapy in cancer patients. Methodology: a descriptive systematic review was performed with the search of databases in Pub Med and Scopus selected articles from 2015 - 2020 in English and Spanish languages. The results indicate that the safe administration of chemotherapy in oncology patients requires nurses to use updated standardized protocols and care guidelines with continuous training, as well as to carry out preventive actions of monitoring, control and follow-up for compliance with the protocols. It is concluded that adverse events should be socialized among nurses to assume improvement plans and strategies to raise the quality of the services provided by the nursing professional, as well as to avoid errors and complications of malpractice in the administration of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of digital technology interventions to reduce loneliness in adults: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e032455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ghulam Sarwar Shah ◽  
David Nogueras ◽  
Hugo van Woerden ◽  
Vasiliki Kiparoglou
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Randomised Control Trials

IntroductionLoneliness is an emerging public health problem that is associated with social, emotional, mental and physical health issues. The application of digital technology (DT) interventions to reduce loneliness has significantly increased in the recent years. The effectiveness of DT interventions needs to be assessed systematically.Methods and analysisAim: To undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of DT interventions to reduce loneliness among adults.Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sources: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and Web of Science.Publication period: 1 January 2010 to 31 July 2019.Inclusion criteria: Primary studies involving the application of DT interventions to reduce loneliness, involving adult participants (aged ≥18 years), follow-up period ≥3 months and published in the English language.Synthesis and meta-analysis: A narrative summary of the characteristics of included studies, findings by the type of DT intervention, and the age, gender and ethnicity of participants. A meta-analysis by the study design and duration of follow-up and determination of random effects size using the RevMan V.5 software.Quality of evidence and bias: Quality of evidence assessed the RoB V.2.0 (revised tool for Risk of Bias in randomized trials) and ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias in Non-randomized Studies—of Interventions) tools for randomised control trials and non-randomised studies, respectively. Heterogeneity between studies will be determined by the I2and Cochran’s Q statistics and publication bias checked with funnel plots and the Egger’s test.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was not required for this protocol. The findings will be disseminated through journal articles and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019131524

scholarly journals Percutaneous versus Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Posterior Tibial Nerve in Idiopathic Overactive Bladder Syndrome with Urinary Incontinence in Adults: A Systematic Review

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 879
Author(s):  
Aida Agost-González ◽  
Isabel Escobio-Prieto ◽  
Azahara M. Pareja-Leal ◽  
María Jesús Casuso-Holgado ◽  
María Blanco-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Tibial Nerve ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Posterior Tibial Nerve ◽  
Posterior Tibial

Background: Percutaneous electrical stimulation and transcutaneous electrical stimulation (PTNS and TTNS) of the posterior tibial nerve are internationally recognized treatment methods that offer advantages in terms of treating patients with overactive bladder (OAB) who present with urinary incontinence (UI). This article aims to analyze the scientific evidence for the treatment of OAB with UI in adults using PTNS versus TTNS procedures in the posterior tibial nerve. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, between February and May 2021 in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Results: The research identified 259 studies, 130 of which were selected and analyzed, with only 19 used according to the inclusion requirements established. The greatest effectiveness, in reducing UI and in other parameters of daily voiding and quality of life, was obtained by combining both techniques with other treatments, pharmacological treatments, or exercise. Conclusions: TTNS has advantages over PTNS as it is more comfortable for the patient even though there is equality of both therapies in the outcome variables. More research studies are necessary in order to obtain clear scientific evidence.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the quality of conduct and reporting of survival analyses of tuberculosis outcomes in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses M. Ngari ◽  
Susanne Schmitz ◽  
Christopher Maronga ◽  
Lazarus K. Mramba ◽  
Michel Vaillant
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Survival Function ◽  
Sample Size Estimation ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Survival Analyses ◽  
Survival Regression

Abstract Background Survival analyses methods (SAMs) are central to analysing time-to-event outcomes. Appropriate application and reporting of such methods are important to ensure correct interpretation of the data. In this study, we systematically review the application and reporting of SAMs in studies of tuberculosis (TB) patients in Africa. It is the first review to assess the application and reporting of SAMs in this context. Methods Systematic review of studies involving TB patients from Africa published between January 2010 and April 2020 in English language. Studies were eligible if they reported use of SAMs. Application and reporting of SAMs were evaluated based on seven author-defined criteria. Results Seventy-six studies were included with patient numbers ranging from 56 to 182,890. Forty-three (57%) studies involved a statistician/epidemiologist. The number of published papers per year applying SAMs increased from two in 2010 to 18 in 2019 (P = 0.004). Sample size estimation was not reported by 67 (88%) studies. A total of 22 (29%) studies did not report summary follow-up time. The survival function was commonly presented using Kaplan-Meier survival curves (n = 51, (67%) studies) and group comparisons were performed using log-rank tests (n = 44, (58%) studies). Sixty seven (91%), 3 (4.1%) and 4 (5.4%) studies reported Cox proportional hazard, competing risk and parametric survival regression models, respectively. A total of 37 (49%) studies had hierarchical clustering, of which 28 (76%) did not adjust for the clustering in the analysis. Reporting was adequate among 4.0, 1.3 and 6.6% studies for sample size estimation, plotting of survival curves and test of survival regression underlying assumptions, respectively. Forty-five (59%), 52 (68%) and 73 (96%) studies adequately reported comparison of survival curves, follow-up time and measures of effect, respectively. Conclusion The quality of reporting survival analyses remains inadequate despite its increasing application. Because similar reporting deficiencies may be common in other diseases in low- and middle-income countries, reporting guidelines, additional training, and more capacity building are needed along with more vigilance by reviewers and journal editors.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Oberndorfer ◽  
I Grabovac ◽  
S Haider ◽  
T E Dorner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Reports of the effectiveness of e-cigarettes (ECs) for smoking cessation vary across different studies making implementation recommendations hard to attain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of ECs for smoking cessation. Methods PubMed, PsycInfo and Embase databases were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing nicotine ECs with non-nicotine ECs or with established smoking cessation interventions (nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and or counselling) published between 01/01/2014 and 01/05/2019. Data from eligible studies were extracted and used for random-effects meta-analyses. Results Our literature review yielded 13190 publications with 10 studies being identified as eligible for systematic review, covering 8362 participants, and 8 for meta-analyses (n = 30 - 6006). Using the last follow-up of eligible studies, the proportion of smokers achieving abstinence was 1.67 [95CI:0.99 - 2.81] times higher in nicotine EC users compared to non-nicotine EC users. The proportion of abstinent smokers was 1.69 [95CI:1.25 - 2.27] times higher in EC users compared to participants receiving NRT. EC users showed a 2.70 [95CI:1.15 - 6.30] times higher proportion of abstinent smokers in comparison to participants solely receiving counselling. Conclusions Our analysis showed modest effects of nicotine-ECs compared to non-nicotine ECs. When compared to NRT or counselling, results suggest that nicotine EC may be more effective for smoking cessation. As ECs also help maintaining routinized behaviour and social aspects of smoking, we hypothesise that this may explain their advantage as a tool for smoking cessation. However, given the small number of included studies, different populations, heterogeneous designs, and the overall moderate to low quality of evidence, it is not possible to offer clear recommendations. More comparable data is needed to strengthen confidence in the quality of evidence. Key messages The number of previous studies assessing the effectiveness of ECs for smoking cessation is limited. Further, comparability of these studies is restricted, weakening the quality of evidence. Although current evidence on the effectiveness of ECs for smoking cessation is inconclusive, our meta-analyses suggest that ECs could be a promising alternative tool in attempts to achieve abstinence.

Criteria for Return to Play After Hip Arthroscopy in the Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110389
Author(s):  
Martin S. Davey ◽  
Eoghan T. Hurley ◽  
Matthew G. Davey ◽  
Jordan W. Fried ◽  
Andrew J. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Return To Sports ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Mean

Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common pathology in athletes that often requires operative management in the form of hip arthroscopy. Purpose: To systematically review the rates and level of return to play (RTP) and the criteria used for RTP after hip arthroscopy for FAI in athletes. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review of the literature, based on the PRISMA guidelines, was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Studies reporting outcomes after the use of hip arthroscopy for FAI were included. Outcomes analyzed were RTP rate, RTP level, and criteria used for RTP. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Our review found 130 studies, which included 14,069 patients (14,517 hips) and had a mean methodological quality of evidence (MQOE) of 40.4 (range, 5-67). The majority of patients were female (53.7%), the mean patient age was 30.4 years (range, 15-47 years), and the mean follow-up was 29.7 months (range, 6-75 months). A total of 81 studies reported RTP rates, with an overall RTP rate of 85.4% over a mean period of 6.6 months. Additionally, 49 studies reported the rate of RTP at preinjury level as 72.6%. Specific RTP criteria were reported in 97 studies (77.2%), with time being the most commonly reported item, which was reported in 80 studies (69.2%). A total of 45 studies (57.9%) advised RTP at 3 to 6 months after hip arthroscopy. Conclusion: The overall rate of reported RTP was high after hip arthroscopy for FAI. However, more than one-fourth of athletes who returned to sports did not return at their preinjury level. Development of validated rehabilitation criteria for safe return to sports after hip arthroscopy for FAI could potentially improve clinical outcomes while also increasing rates of RTP at preinjury levels.

scholarly journals Iridoplasty for plateau iris syndrome: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000340
Author(s):  
Hugo Bourdon ◽  
Vittoria Aragno ◽  
Christophe Baudouin ◽  
Antoine Labbé
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Iridocorneal Angle

Plateau iris syndrome (PIS) is a frequent cause of angle closure. Argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI) has been proposed in PIS to widen the iridocorneal angle. The objective of the present study was to perform a systematic review of the available studies evaluating the efficacy of ALPI on intraocular pressure (IOP), iridocorneal angle opening and the number of medications in patients with chronic angle-closure associated with PIS. One prospective and seven retrospective studies with a minimum 1 month of follow-up were included. Although ALPI seemed to lower IOP, to decrease the number of topical antiglaucoma medications and widen the iridocorneal angle shortly after the procedure, there is no current evidence of long-term efficacy. To date, there is no robust scientific evidence to advocate ALPI as a treatment for chronic angle-closure caused by PIS.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of acute geriatric unit care on functional decline and process outcomes among older adults admitted to hospital with acute medical complaints: a protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e050524
Author(s):  
Íde O’Shaughnessy ◽  
Katie Robinson ◽  
Margaret O'Connor ◽  
Mairéad Conneely ◽  
Damien Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Index Admission ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Process Outcomes

IntroductionOlder adults are clinically heterogeneous and are at increased risk of adverse outcomes during hospitalisation due to the presence of multiple comorbid conditions and reduced homoeostatic reserves. Acute geriatric units (AGUs) are units designed with their own physical location and structure, which provide care to older adults during the acute phase of illness and are underpinned by an interdisciplinary comprehensive geriatric assessment model of care. This review aims to update and synthesise the totality of evidence related to the effectiveness of AGU care on clinical and process outcomes among older adults admitted to hospital with acute medical complaints.DesignUpdated systematic review and meta-analysisMethods and analysisMEDLINE, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library and Embase electronic databases will be systematically searched from 2008 to February 2021. Trials with a randomised design that deliver an AGU intervention to older adults admitted to hospital for acute medical complaints will be included. The primary outcome measure will be functional decline at discharge from hospital and at follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include length of stay, cost of index admission, incidence of unscheduled hospital readmission, living at home (the inverse of death or institutionalisation combined; used to describe someone who is in their own home at follow‐up), mortality, cognitive function and patient satisfaction with index admission. Title and abstract screening of studies for full-text extraction will be conducted independently by two authors. The Cochrane risk of bias 2 tool will be used to assess the methodological quality of the included trials. The quality of evidence for outcomes reported will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework. A pooled meta-analysis will be conducted using Review Manager, depending on the uniformity of the data.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required as all data collected will be secondary data and will be analysed anonymously. The authors will present the findings of the review to a patient and public involvement stakeholder panel of older adults that has been established at the Ageing Research Centre in the University of Limerick. This will enable the views and opinions of older adults to be integrated into the discussion section of the paper.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021237633.

scholarly journals Avaliação do transporte crítico de pacientes: Uma revisão sistemática

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 615-647
Author(s):  
Leonardo Nogueira Melo ◽  
Vera Lúcia Freitas ◽  
Emanuel Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Raphael Dias de Mello Pereira ◽  
Vanessa Silva De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Transportation Of Patients ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Trabajo En Equipo ◽  
Main Factors

Objetivo: Evaluar, según la literatura, cuáles son los principales factores considerados facilitadores y/o agravantes en la realización del transporte de pacientes en estado crítico.Método: Este estudio se trata de una revisión sistemática realizada con el método PICOResultado: Los periódicos seleccionados comprendían un espacio temporal en los últimos diez años, donde 6 periódicos fueron elegibles, basado en los criterios establecidos. Los resultados relatan que los temas encontrados en esta revisión demuestran una alineación entre la práctica asistencial y la literatura, pero para que el transporte sea realizado sin eventos adversos, es necesario que haya unión entre la gestión y los profesionales involucrados.Conclusión: Aunque los hallazgos demuestren una gran preocupación en relación a la calidad en la asistencia y en la preparación del equipo, los autores creen que más estudios deben ser fomentados una vez que el trabajo en equipo, a pesar de ser complejo, es la clave para la realización de los procedimientos con efectividad. Objective: To evaluate, according to the literature, the main factors considered facilitators and/or aggravating in the transportation of patients in critical condition.Method: This study is a systematic review performed using the PICO method.Results: The selected journals comprised a time space in the last 10 years, with six journals eligible, based on the established criteria. The results report that the themes found in this review demonstrate an alignment between care practice and literature, but, for a transportation without adverse events, there must be a union between the management and the professionals involved.Conclusion: Although the findings demonstrate a great concern regarding the quality of care and team preparation, the authors believe that more studies should be encouraged since teamwork, despite being complex, is the key to performing the procedures with effectiveness. Objetivo: Avaliar segundo a literatura quais são os principais fatores que são considerados facilitadores e/ou agravantes na realização do transporte de pacientes em estado crítico.Método: Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada com método PICOResultado: Os periódicos selecionados compreendiam um espaço temporal nos últimos dez anos, onde 6 periódicos foram elegíveis, baseado nos critérios estabelecidos. Os resultados relatam que os temas encontrados nesta revisão demonstram um alinhamento entre a prática assistencial e a literatura, porém para que o transporte seja realizado sem eventos adversos, é necessário que haja união entre a gestão e os profissionais envolvidos.Conclusão: Embora os achados demonstrem uma grande preocupação em relação à qualidade na assistência e no preparo da equipe, os autores acreditam que mais estudos devem ser fomentados uma vez que o trabalho em equipe apesar de ser complexo, é a chave para a realização dos procedimentos com efetividade.

scholarly journals Mid-term Outcomes of Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0044
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Shimozono ◽  
Eoghan Hurley ◽  
John Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Osteochondral Transplantation ◽  
Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Current Systematic Review

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) is an established treatment for large-sized OLT, typically greater than 107mm2. Several studies have demonstrated favourable outcomes following AOT at short- and mid-term follow-up. However, the majority of the literature on AOT has short-term follow-up and little evidence exists on the mid-term and longer-term follow-up. Additionally, few studies include a large number of patients or have a high level of evidence, limiting the ability to draw broad and meaningful conclusions about the effectiveness of the AOT procedure for the treatment of OLT beyond short-term follow-up. The purpose of the current systematic review was to evaluate the clinical outcomes analysing level and quality of evidence of the AOT procedure in the treatment of OLT at mid-term and long-term follow-up. Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases was performed in October 2017 based on the PRISMA guidelines. Included studies were evaluated with regard to level of evidence (LOE) and quality of evidence (QOE) using the Coleman Methodology Score. Clinical outcomes, and complications were also evaluated. Results: Eleven studies, with 500 ankles were included at a mean 62.8 months follow-up. There were 3 studies of LOE III, and 8 studies of LOE IV. There were 3 studies of fair quality and 8 studies of poor quality. The weighted mean preoperative AOFAS score was 55.1 ± 6.1, and the postoperative score was 86.2 ± 4.5, with 87.4% of patients being reported as excellent or good results. In total, 54 of the 500 patients (10.8%) had complications. The most common complication was donor site morbidity with 18 patients (3.6%) at final follow-up. Thirty-one patients (6.2%) underwent reoperations, and the authors deemed a total of 5 ankles (1.0%) failures. Only 5 studies (45.5%) used MRI for follow-up evaluation. Conclusion: The current systematic review demonstrated that good clinical and functional outcomes can be expected following AOT procedure for the treatment of OLT, with a failure rate of only 1.0% at 63 months follow-up. MRI and radiographs showed restoration of articular surface as well as a minimal presence of osteoarthritis at mid-term follow-up. However, there is still lack of data from high LOE and QOE studies, and further high quality studies are necessary.

Efficacy of Internet-Delivered Psychodynamic Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-454
Author(s):  
Tomas Lindegaard ◽  
Matilda Berg ◽  
Gerhard Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychodynamic Therapy ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Psychodynamic Treatment ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Treatment Models ◽  
Promising Treatment

Recent years have seen an increase of internet-delivered interventions based on psychodynamic treatment models. To test the efficacy of internet-delivered psychodynamic therapy (IPDT), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Following literature searches, we identified seven studies meeting inclusion criteria. The total number of participants was 528 in the treatment group and 552 in the control conditions. We found small effects favoring IPDT compared to inactive control conditions for main outcomes (g = 0.44), depression (g = 0.46), anxiety (g = 0.20), and quality of life (g = 0.40). There was significant heterogeneity between studies for main outcomes and depression. Within-group effects ranged from Hedges's g = 0.32–0.99. The effects of IPDT were maintained or increased at follow-up. Study quality varied but was generally high. No indications of publication bias were found. In conclusion, IPDT is a promising treatment alternative, especially for depression, although the small number of studies limits the generalizability of the findings.

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