scholarly journals PRAGMATIC EFFECT OF HUMOR IN PUBLIC POLITICAL SPEECHES

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentyna Marchenko ◽  
◽  
Alina Starkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
English Language ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Political Speech ◽  
Communicative Strategies ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Campaign Speeches ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the analysis of communicative strategies and tactics of realization of pragmatic effect using humorous statements in English-language public political speech. Both verbal and non-verbal means of expressing humor are used to increase the impact on the audience. Expressive language means, in particular vocabulary aimed at humiliation and insult of the addressee, play an important role in the speech of politicians. Humor allows to manage the situation in political communication, creating a situation of misunderstanding, deliberately contributing to the wrong statement of the opponent, provoking an undesirable reaction of the audience. Communicative strategies in public speeches are common among political representatives when presenting their election campaign and delivering campaign speeches. This is due to the desire to influence society, the plans, values and consciousness of the audience, involving various techniques of manipulation. According to communicative situation speakers use certain type of strategies to achieve some goals in communication more efficient. Every strategy is realized in speech through communicative tactics, which implement various language techniques aimed to change opinions of the addressee about politicians. The most common strategy is aims to reduce the importance of a political opponent., embodying the implicit or explicit expression of a negative attitude towards the situation or person. Less common strategy used by politicians is focused on creating the opposite effect, when the manipulator gets the sympathy of the recipient through the creation of a positive image. The most expressive strategy is to give speeches vigor and spectacularness. Sarcasm is one of the means to express communicative tactic implicitly to achieve manipulative influence. The most effective tactics used by politicians are accusations, condemnation, insults, distancing, presentations, ‘friend or foe’ differentiations, appeal to emotions. The article includes detailed analysis of strategies and tactics that form the basis of pragmatic political speech in the examples of English public discourse.

scholarly journals The Impact of Texting on Standard English: The Students’ Perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Kaid Mohammed Ali ◽  
S. Imtiaz Hasnain ◽  
M. Salim Beg
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
English Second Language ◽  
Esl Learners ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Academic Year

Overindulgence in social networking, in general, and texting, in particular, is much in practice. It is cutting across various population boundaries and has almost assumed an endemic proportion. Its consequential impact on the standard language has acquired greater importance. This paper aims to determine the perceptions and attitudes of English Second Language (ESL) learners at Aligarh Muslim University towards the consequences of texting on Standard English. The data were collected through a five-point scale questionnaire from ninety students who were enrolled at Aligarh Muslim University during the academic year 2010-2011. The respondents completed a 16-item questionnaire. The students from which the data were collected were grouped according to their levels. The results indicate the negative impact of this new usage of the language in breaking the rules of English language and influencing their literacy. Moreover, the questionnaire results from respondents' point of view show that regardless of their heavy use of texting, most respondents have a negative attitude towards texting and they viewed it as a threat to Standard English.

scholarly journals Semantic classification of phraseological verbs in publicistic discourse of economic orientation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Alexandra V. Radyuk ◽  
Antonina V. Kozubenko
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Phrasal Verbs ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Communicative Strategies ◽  
Social Unity ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the role of phrasal verbs in prama-semantic organisation of publicistic discourse. The relevance of this research is explained by the growing interest of linguists in the problems of using phrasal verbs in different types of discourse, as well as the poorly studied issue of phrasal verbs at the junction of economic and publicistic discourse and their pragmatic potential. The objective of he work is to demonstrate the connection between the language and the currect economic realia which constitutes the flexible nature of pragma-semantic system of discourse. The research relies on functional-pragmatic method and component analysis. The method of continuous sampling (articles on the topic of the impact of coronavirus on the economy of different countries) was used to select the material. On the basis of materials taken from English-language newspapers on the topic of the coronavirus impact on the economy of European countries the semantic classification of phrasal verbs was carried out, the results of which shown that the most frequent semes are «slowing down», «improvement», «novelty», «measures / actions», «refusal». The authors conclude that the semantic classification forms the basis of communicative strategies for creating an image of various entities or people, strategies for forming a public opinion, and strategies for uniting the society. In the pragmatic system of publicistic discourse phrasal verbs are particular speech means involved in the implementation of the general communicative strategies. They are indicative of national and cultural self-identitication, the striving for economic growth and social unity in crisis conditions.

scholarly journals The dynamics of political correctness, inclusive language and freedom of speech

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-220
Author(s):  
Olga A. Leontovich
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
English Language ◽  
Political Correctness ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Inclusive Language

The study aims to research the historical dynamics of the notions political correctness, inclusive language and freedom of speech, as well as to reveal the mechanisms and new tendencies of their realization in public discourse. The sources of practical material are represented by: a) 126 journal and Internet articles; b) 12 speeches of famous US and British politicians, scholars and celebrities reflecting the notions under study. The leading methods include critical discourse analysis, definition and contextual analyses. The research indicates that during its long and contradictory history, the term political correctness had both positive and negative connotations. When the negative attitude started to prevail, it was replaced by the notions inclusion and inclusive language based on similar mechanisms: ban on the use of offensive terms denoting different aspects of peoples identity; avoidance of stereotypes and false semantic associations; abundant use of euphemisms, etc. The paper reveals the new trends in the English language (non-binary expression of gender; changes in the conceptualization of race, age and disability) and social practices meeting the requirements of inclusive communication. Whereas political correctness and inclusive language aim to protect vulnerable social groups and improve the social climate, they produce certain undesirable tendencies: breach between social groups caused by inefficient communication; reverse racism; complex relationship of political correctness with science, literature and education; its speculative use; and restrictions on freedom of speech. The study also sheds light on the problems of politically correct intercultural communication caused by the non-stop language change, differences in social norms, values, grammatical structures, semantics, and cultural associations.

The use of metaphor power indices for the analysis of speech impact in political public speeches

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-277
Author(s):  
Yuhua Sun ◽  
Oleg I. Kalinin ◽  
Alexander V. Ignatenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Power Indices ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Metaphor Use ◽  
Intensity Functions ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the metaphor power related to the impact of public political speeches on the audience. The purpose of the study is to identify the potentially hidden speech impact of public discourse in order to understand the intentions of the speech messages authors. To that end, the aspects of metaphors under analysis include their density in the text, their intensity, functions and positions in the compositional structure of the text. The study tests the method of comprehensive analysis of metaphor power, which is based on the calculation of the corresponding indices MDI (Metaphor density index), MII (Metaphor intensity index), MfTI (Metaphor functional typology index) and MStI (Metaphor structural index). Each index is based on a mathematical formula: MDI reflects the average number of metaphors per a hundred words of the text; MII demonstrates the medium intensity of metaphors (new or conventional metaphors dominating the text); MfTI shows which functions are mainly performed by metaphors in the text; MStI represents the compositional parts of the text where the metaphors are concentrated. The hypothesis about the possibility of using such quantitative methods is tested on the material of three texts of public speeches by the political leaders of Russia, USA and China. The analysis shows that the greatest speech impact is achieved by the speech of the President of China distinguished by the highest metaphor density (4.07), and, the values of MfTI (2.23) MStI (2.51) indicate the intention to restructure the socio-political concepts, as well as to introduce a new content into his countrys domestic and foreign policy. This method for identifying the metaphor power can be used to investigate the potential impact of political speeches and can become an important tool for analyzing various aspects of the metaphor use in discourse.

scholarly journals Interjections in the English-Language Political Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Natalya V. Panina
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
English Language ◽  
Television History ◽  
Communication Space ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Empirical Material

The article considers the role of interjections in the English-language political communication, which is especially relevant nowadays when the modern civilizational space is subjected to global emotionalization. The releases of one of the longest running American news programmes in television history – “Face the Nation”, which were aired in 2021, serve as the empirical material of the study carried out. The block of research materials included both interjections that perform traditional functions and interjections that serve as a complementary means of implementing the impact strategy. Interjections, expressing hesitation, have only possessed the status of elements of speech formation, while in political communication they acquire the status of a means of intercepting initiative in speech, thereby demonstrating dominance over the interlocutor and giving the communicative situation an emotive character. It is inextricably linked with the non-ecological nature of speech, mainly manifested through the manipulative nature of political communication, in which, each interlocutor tends to influence the communicant. Interjections act as a complementary means in this process, on the one hand, reinforcing the authoritarian nature of the interruption, and on the other, mitigating the process of transition from one communicant to another. The linguistic description methods are used in the article. The study reveals the potential of interjections, which consists in fulfilling the role of emotionally charged communication markers. Thus, in the course of socio-historical development in general and in the process of emotionalization of the global communication space in particular, the observed tendency to expand functional boundaries, depending on the type of communication, makes it possible to conclude that English interjections have rich potential.

scholarly journals GENDER FEATURES OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofiia Rebenchak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Female Politicians ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the description of gender peculiarities in political discourse. In the recent decades the problems of the gender differentiation of speech have been developing rapidly, acquiring the priority importance in Ukrainian and foreign linguistics. The differences of male and female speeches aim to determine the degree of effectiveness of the impact of gendered approaches in political communication on male and female audiences. Men and women have been alleged to differ in every area of psychological functioning at one point or another, so language use is not an exception. Gender in politics is particularly interesting to study, as there is a tendency of increasing of the women’s number in political positions around the world in today's world. Gender is one of the most important individual-level attributes known to structure patterns of social connectivity in human social networks. We identify gender strategies as a factor in the realization of the language of the politician in mass media, identify and describe the speech strategies and tactics used by female politicians in the political media discourse. Exploring the gender pecularities of political interaction, we pay attention to the gender specifics of communication in general. Typological analysis of political speeches of Britain, American and Ukrainian politicians is made, their gender differences is proved, importance of gender component of modern political discourse is demonstrated. The official nature of political speeches and features of the socio-legal status of political leaders oblige them to comply with certain norms and rules of communicative behavior. Politicians must combine lexical, morphological and syntactic features of discourse to effect and inform listeners and in the same time not overload their speech, so that the speech does not seem difficult to understand, as well as devoid of any meaning. The female politicians were shown to be more formal, critical and task-focused, while the male politicians were more socially oriented and elaborative. While the female politicians worked on establishing themselves as independent politicians, the male politicians embraced their collective identities.

scholarly journals DONALD TRUMP’S IDEOLOGY IN HIS POLITICAL SPEECHES: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

TheGIST ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Heryani ◽  
Arry Purnama ◽  
Hartono Hartono
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Political Speech ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Super Structure ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
The Impact

This research showed Donald Trump’s ideology in his political speech. The researcher used Van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis (macro structure, super structure and micro structure), sociocognition analysis and context analysis. The researcher used the data from famous media in America. Namely, (www.cnn.com and www.nytimes.com). The result showed that Donald Trump had anti-muslim and anti-immigrant ideology. The researcher found it after analyzed the sources that found from various newspaper in America.Donald Trump’s ideology in his political speech has an impact to the community. The researcher showed the impact of his ideology: muslims, immigrant, non-immigrant and global.

The Impact of Anglicizing Former German-Language Psychology Journals on Authorship and Citation Frequencies

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Krampen ◽  
Thomas Huckert ◽  
Gabriel Schui
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
English Language ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
German Language ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Authors

Exemplary for other than English-language psychology journals, the impact of recent Anglicization of five former German-language psychology journals on (1) authorship (nationality, i.e., native language, and number of authors, i.e., single or multiple authorships), (2) formal characteristics of the journal (number of articles per volume and length of articles), and (3) number of citations of the articles in other journal articles, the language of the citing publications, and the impact factors (IF) is analyzed. Scientometric data on these variables are gathered for all articles published in the four years before anglicizing and in the four years after anglicizing the same journal. Results reveal rather quick changes: Citations per year since original articles’ publication increase significantly, and the IF of the journals go up markedly. Frequencies of citing in German-language journals decrease, citing in English-language journals increase significantly after the Anglicization of former German-language psychology journals, and there is a general trend of increasing citations in other languages as well. Side effects of anglicizing former German-language psychology journals include the publication of shorter papers, their availability to a more international authorship, and a slight, but significant increase in multiple authorships.

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