The impact area of political communication: citizenship faced with public discourse

The article is devoted to the analysis of communicative strategies and tactics of realization of pragmatic effect using humorous statements in English-language public political speech. Both verbal and non-verbal means of expressing humor are used to increase the impact on the audience. Expressive language means, in particular vocabulary aimed at humiliation and insult of the addressee, play an important role in the speech of politicians. Humor allows to manage the situation in political communication, creating a situation of misunderstanding, deliberately contributing to the wrong statement of the opponent, provoking an undesirable reaction of the audience. Communicative strategies in public speeches are common among political representatives when presenting their election campaign and delivering campaign speeches. This is due to the desire to influence society, the plans, values and consciousness of the audience, involving various techniques of manipulation. According to communicative situation speakers use certain type of strategies to achieve some goals in communication more efficient. Every strategy is realized in speech through communicative tactics, which implement various language techniques aimed to change opinions of the addressee about politicians. The most common strategy is aims to reduce the importance of a political opponent., embodying the implicit or explicit expression of a negative attitude towards the situation or person. Less common strategy used by politicians is focused on creating the opposite effect, when the manipulator gets the sympathy of the recipient through the creation of a positive image. The most expressive strategy is to give speeches vigor and spectacularness. Sarcasm is one of the means to express communicative tactic implicitly to achieve manipulative influence. The most effective tactics used by politicians are accusations, condemnation, insults, distancing, presentations, ‘friend or foe’ differentiations, appeal to emotions. The article includes detailed analysis of strategies and tactics that form the basis of pragmatic political speech in the examples of English public discourse.

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#INCLUSION – THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION ON THE LEGITIMACY OF ARMED FORCES

CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES ◽

10.33179/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.21.2.2 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 43-60

Author(s):

EVA MOEHLECKE DE BASEGGIO ◽

OLIVIA SCHNEIDER ◽

TIBOR SZVIRCSEV TRESCH

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Political Communication ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Equation Model ◽

Media Communication ◽

The Public ◽

Political Legitimation ◽

Social Media Communication ◽

The Impact

The Swiss Armed Forces (SAF), as part of a democratic system, depends on legitimacy. Democracy, legitimacy and the public are closely connected. In the public sphere the SAF need to be visible; it is where they are controlled and legitimated by the citizens, as part of a deliberative discussion in which political decisions are communicatively negotiated. Considering this, the meaning of political communication, including the SAF’s communication, becomes obvious as it forms the most important basis for political legitimation processes. Social media provide a new way for the SAF to communicate and interact directly with the population. The SAF’s social media communication potentially brings it closer to the people and engages them in a dialogue. The SAF can become more transparent and social media communication may increase its reputation and legitimacy. To measure the effects of social media communication, a survey of the Swiss internet population was conducted. Based on this data, a structural equation model was defined, the effects of which substantiate the assumption that the SAF benefits from being on social media in terms of broadening its reach and increasing legitimacy values.

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Mobile Media and Political Communication

The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Communication and Society ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190864385.013.16 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 228-243

Author(s):

Ran Wei

Keyword(s):

Political Communication ◽

Political Process ◽

Personal Communication ◽

Political Life ◽

Future Research ◽

Mobile Media ◽

Mobile Phone Technology ◽

Political News ◽

Communication Devices ◽

The Impact

To fully understand the impact of mobile phone technology on politics, this chapter provides a state-of-the-art overview of research and identifies an emerging subfield concerning the relationship between mobile media and politics. The chapter traces the evolution of mobile media from personal communication devices to tools for political participation. The growing literature on the role of various mobile devices in civic and political life is reviewed and critiqued. The specific uses of mobile media as tools in political communication, such as informational use, mobile political news, and mobile public sphere, are explicated and synthesized. The chapter also sheds light on the question of how the attributes of mobile media influence the political process in democratic and non-democratic countries. The chapter outlines key issues concerning mobile media in civic and political communication, highlighting significant predictors and mediators. Unresolved issues and debates are highlighted, and directions for future research are suggested.

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A Relic of Communism, an Architectural Nightmare or a Determinant of the City’s Brand? Media, Political and Architectural Dispute over the Monument to the Revolutionary Act in Rzeszów (Poland)

Arts ◽

10.3390/arts10010008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Sławomir Gawroński ◽

Dariusz Tworzydło ◽

Kinga Bajorek ◽

Łukasz Bis

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Political Communication ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Historical Memory ◽

Media Discourse ◽

Political Dimension ◽

Social Events ◽

The Media ◽

Mutual Relations ◽

The Impact

This article deals with the issues of architectural elements of public space, treated as components of art and visual communication, and at the same time determinants of the emotional aspects of political conflicts, social disputes, and media discourse. The aim of the considerations is to show, with the usage of the principles of critical analysis of media discourse, the impact of social events, political communication, and the activity of mass communicators on the perception of the monument of historical memory and the changes that take place within its public evaluation. The authors chose the method of critical analysis of the media discourse due to its compliance with the planned purpose of the analyses, thus, providing the opportunity to perform qualitative research, enabling the creation of possibly up-to-date conclusions regarding both the studied thread, and allowing the extrapolation of certain conclusions to other examples. The media material relating to the controversial Monument to the Revolutionary Act, located in the city of Rzeszów (Poland), was selected for the analysis. On this example, an attempt was made to evaluate the mutual relations between politically engaged architecture and art, and the contemporary consequences of this involvement in the social and political dimension.

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Double, triple or quadruple hits? Exploring the impact of cybercrime on victims in the Netherlands

International Review of Victimology ◽

10.1177/02697580211010692 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026975802110106

Author(s):

Raoul Notté ◽

E.R. Leukfeldt ◽

Marijke Malsch

Keyword(s):

Public Opinion ◽

Literature Review ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Public Discourse ◽

Moral Judgments ◽

Victim Blaming ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Different Types ◽

The Impact ◽

Insight Into

This article explores the impact of online crime victimisation. A literature review and 41 interviews – 19 with victims and 22 with experts – were carried out to gain insight into this. The interviews show that most impacts of online offences correspond to the impacts of traditional offline offences. There are also differences with offline crime victimisation. Several forms of impact seem to be specific to victims of online crime: the substantial scale and visibility of victimhood, victimisation that does not stop in time, the interwovenness of online and offline, and victim blaming. Victims suffer from double, triple or even quadruple hits; it is the accumulation of different types of impact, enforced by the limitlessness in time and space, which makes online crime victimisation so extremely invasive. Furthermore, the characteristics of online crime victimisation greatly complicate the fight against and prevention of online crime. Finally, the high prevalence of cybercrime victimisation combined with the severe impact of these crimes seems contradictory with public opinion – and associated moral judgments – on victims. Further research into the dominant public discourse on victimisation and how this affects the functioning of the police and victim support would be valuable.

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Aircraft Impact Effects on an Aged NPP

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14040816 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 816

Author(s):

Rosa Lo Frano

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Power ◽

Military Aircraft ◽

Residual Resistance ◽

Plant Safety ◽

Need To Evaluate ◽

Target Wall ◽

Impact Area ◽

Wall Perforation ◽

The Impact ◽

Loss Of Strength

The impact of an aircraft is widely known to be one of the worst events that can occur during the operation of a plant (classified for this reason as beyond design). This can become much more catastrophic and lead to the loss of strength of/collapse of the structures when it occurs in the presence of ageing (degradation and alteration) materials. Therefore, since the performance of all plant components may be affected by ageing, there is a need to evaluate the effect that aged components have on system performance and plant safety. This study addresses the numerical simulation of an aged Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) subjected to a military aircraft impact. The effects of impact velocity, direction, and location were investigated together with the more unfavorable conditions to be expected for the plant. The modelling method was also validated based on the results obtained from the experiments of Sugano et al., 1993. Non-linear analyses by means of finite element (FE) MARC code allowed us to simulate the performance of the reinforced concrete containment building and its impact on plant availability and reliability. The results showed that ageing increases a plant’s propensity to suffer damage. The damage at the impact area was confirmed to be dependent on the type of aircraft involved and the target wall thickness. The greater the degradation of the materials, the lower the residual resistance capacity, and the greater the risk of wall perforation.

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Influence of the Spatial Pressure Distribution of Breaking Wave Loading on the Dynamic Response of Wolf Rock Lighthouse

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse9010055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Darshana T. Dassanayake ◽

Alessandro Antonini ◽

Athanasios Pappas ◽

Alison Raby ◽

James Mark William Brownjohn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Response ◽

Pressure Distribution ◽

Distinct Element ◽

Breaking Waves ◽

Breaking Wave ◽

Wave Loading ◽

Wave Impact ◽

Pressure Distributions ◽

Impact Area ◽

The Impact

The survivability analysis of offshore rock lighthouses requires several assumptions of the pressure distribution due to the breaking wave loading (Raby et al. (2019), Antonini et al. (2019). Due to the peculiar bathymetries and topographies of rock pinnacles, there is no dedicated formula to properly quantify the loads induced by the breaking waves on offshore rock lighthouses. Wienke’s formula (Wienke and Oumeraci (2005) was used in this study to estimate the loads, even though it was not derived for breaking waves on offshore rock lighthouses, but rather for the breaking wave loading on offshore monopiles. However, a thorough sensitivity analysis of the effects of the assumed pressure distribution has never been performed. In this paper, by means of the Wolf Rock lighthouse distinct element model, we quantified the influence of the pressure distributions on the dynamic response of the lighthouse structure. Different pressure distributions were tested, while keeping the initial wave impact area and pressure integrated force unchanged, in order to quantify the effect of different pressure distribution patterns. The pressure distributions considered in this paper showed subtle differences in the overall dynamic structure responses; however, pressure distribution #3, based on published experimental data such as Tanimoto et al. (1986) and Zhou et al. (1991) gave the largest displacements. This scenario has a triangular pressure distribution with a peak at the centroid of the impact area, which then linearly decreases to zero at the top and bottom boundaries of the impact area. The azimuthal horizontal distribution was adopted from Wienke and Oumeraci’s work (2005). The main findings of this study will be of interest not only for the assessment of rock lighthouses but also for all the cylindrical structures built on rock pinnacles or rocky coastlines (with steep foreshore slopes) and exposed to harsh breaking wave loading.

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Grinding Force Model for Low-Speed Grinding Based on Impact Principle

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.123 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 797 ◽

pp. 123-128

Author(s):

Ming He Liu ◽

Xiu Ming Zhang ◽

Shi Chao Xiu

Keyword(s):

Sliding Friction ◽

Impact Load ◽

Grinding Force ◽

Calculation Model ◽

Force Model ◽

Grinding Process ◽

Low Speed ◽

Impact Area ◽

Force Mechanism ◽

The Impact

In the low-speed grinding process, the force generated when the wheel grinding the workpiece is the result of sliding friction, plough and cutting. While in the actual study, the cutting process has attracted extensive attention. Impact effect to the entire grinding process on the contact is ignored so that the error exists between the calculation grinding force and the measured grinding force. Basing on the shock effect to the grinding process, the paper divides the contact area into impact area and cutting area. And the model of impact load generated from single grit is built. Moreover, the grinding force theoretical calculation model and total grinding force mathematical model is also constructed by analyzing the impact load affecting on the grinding force mechanism. Finally experimental study verifies the correctness of theoretical analysis.

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DEEPFAKE AS A PHENOMENON OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATION

Transbaikal State University Journal ◽

10.21209/2227-9245-2021-27-6-101-106 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 101-106

Author(s):

М. Falaleev ◽

◽

N. Sitdikova ◽

Е. Nechay ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Political Communication ◽

Political Discourse ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Theoretical Data ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Subject Field ◽

Learning Programs ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Impact

The development of digital technologies, coupled with progress in the development of self-learning programs based on AI (Artificial Intelligence), has obvious advantages in improving the effectiveness of information impact on people around the world. During the 2010s, researchers have documented trends in the use of artificial intelligence for the construction and distribution of media content to indirectly manipulate political discourse at the national and global levels. Special interest in the context of this issue is how the rapid development of AI technologies affects political communication. The object of consideration within the framework of this article is the deepfake technology. Based on this, as a subject, the authors define deepfake as a phenomenon of modern political communication. Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to describe and predict the impact of deepfake technology on political communication at the global and national levels. The paper presents the definition of deepfake, assesses its characteristics depending on the methods and purposes of its distribution, and analyzes the prospects for using this tool to influence political discourse in modern Russia. To study the subject field of the research, methods of systematizing theoretical data, classification, analysis of a set of factors and forecasting have been applied. The practical significance of the work is presented by the authors’ definition and typology of the phenomenon of deepfake and describes its significance as a factor of political communication on the example of a particular country. The results of the work will be useful for researchers studying the problems of digitalization of the media space and modern means of disinformation in politics, both at the local and global levels

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Design of a computational model for multi-body contact of deformable bodies in the flowing fluid

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201815702012 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 157 ◽

pp. 02012 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marián Handrik ◽

Milan Vaško

Keyword(s):

Computational Model ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Flowing Fluid ◽

Body Contact ◽

Impact Area ◽

Deformable Bodies ◽

Multi Body ◽

The Impact ◽

Design And Testing

The article deals with the design and testing of a computational model for multi-body contact of deformable bodies in the flowing fluid. The computational model will be designed to allow easy modify the impact area of deformable bodies and their shape. The computational model must allow the application of an endless cycle of bodies impact with the possibility of restarting and calculating the following time intervals for collision of bodies.

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