scholarly journals Immigrant women workers in the settlement sector: niche employment or occupational segmentation? A comparative study of Germany and Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Occupational Segregation ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Research Findings

Much of the research on the settlement sector in Germany and Canada focuses on the range and impact of settlement programs as well as funding to the sector. The settlement sector as a field of employment for immigrant women is an emerging area of research. The purpose of the paper is to analyze and compare the experiences of immigrant women working in the settlement sector in Germany and Canada. The central thesis of the research is that immigrant women working in this sector experience occupational segregation based on their gender, race and immigrant status. The research findings support this thesis, as the settlement sector reveals itself as a deeply segmented labour market, where language and cultural competencies may have facilitated racialized, immigrant women's employment, yet the roles they occupy are characterized by precarious working conditions with limited opportunities for professional growth.

scholarly journals Immigrant women workers in the settlement sector: niche employment or occupational segmentation? A comparative study of Germany and Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Occupational Segregation ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Research Findings

Much of the research on the settlement sector in Germany and Canada focuses on the range and impact of settlement programs as well as funding to the sector. The settlement sector as a field of employment for immigrant women is an emerging area of research. The purpose of the paper is to analyze and compare the experiences of immigrant women working in the settlement sector in Germany and Canada. The central thesis of the research is that immigrant women working in this sector experience occupational segregation based on their gender, race and immigrant status. The research findings support this thesis, as the settlement sector reveals itself as a deeply segmented labour market, where language and cultural competencies may have facilitated racialized, immigrant women's employment, yet the roles they occupy are characterized by precarious working conditions with limited opportunities for professional growth.

scholarly journals Niche employment or occupational segmentation? Immigrant women working in the settlement sector in Germany and Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Jayaraman ◽  
Harald Bauder
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Settlement Services ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Much of the research on the settlement sector focuses on the impact of settlement programs on the integration of immigrants. The settlement sector as a field of employment for immigrant women is still an emerging field for research. This working paper examines the experiences of immigrant women working in the settlement sector and compares Germany with Canada in this respect. The central thesis is that immigrant women working in this sector experience occupational segmentation based on their gender, race, and immigration status. Our research findings support this thesis, suggesting that the settlement sector is a deeply segmented labour market where, on the one hand, language and cultural competencies facilitate the employment of racialized immigrant women, while on the other hand, the positions these women occupy are characterized by precarious working conditions with limited opportunities for professional growth. These similar labour market outcomes occur in Germany and Canada, despite the rather different structures of the settlement sector in the two countries. Keywords: immigrant women, labour market experiences, settlement services, occupational segmentation

scholarly journals Niche employment or occupational segmentation? Immigrant women working in the settlement sector in Germany and Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Jayaraman ◽  
Harald Bauder
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Settlement Services ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Much of the research on the settlement sector focuses on the impact of settlement programs on the integration of immigrants. The settlement sector as a field of employment for immigrant women is still an emerging field for research. This working paper examines the experiences of immigrant women working in the settlement sector and compares Germany with Canada in this respect. The central thesis is that immigrant women working in this sector experience occupational segmentation based on their gender, race, and immigration status. Our research findings support this thesis, suggesting that the settlement sector is a deeply segmented labour market where, on the one hand, language and cultural competencies facilitate the employment of racialized immigrant women, while on the other hand, the positions these women occupy are characterized by precarious working conditions with limited opportunities for professional growth. These similar labour market outcomes occur in Germany and Canada, despite the rather different structures of the settlement sector in the two countries. Keywords: immigrant women, labour market experiences, settlement services, occupational segmentation

scholarly journals GENDER GAP INDEX FOR EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Shweta Tewari ◽  
Rajshree Chouhan ◽  
Sanjeev
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Labour Force Participation Rate

Women account for nearly half of the human resources of a nation and play an important role in the socio-economic development of a country. In India, in spite of focus on women empowerment, condition of women at the work place is not very encouraging. Women often face greater barriers than men in terms of securing a decent jobs, wages and conducive working conditions. Provisions relating to women’s work were introduced in 1891, with amendment of the Factories Act, 1881. After independence, number of provisions has been made in the constitutions to protect the welfare of women workers. Number of protective legislations have also been made and implemented by the government for the interest of women workers. The basic objective behind implementation of these legislation are to provide equal and a decent level of remuneration, proper child care center , maternity relief and decent working conditions to women workers. Despite these constitutional and legislative arrangements to reduce gender gap, women in India are facing discrimination at work place and suffer from harassment. The present paper critically reviewed the effectiveness of government policies and legislations framed and enacted for the welfare of women workers. It also examines the gender dimensions of the trends in various aspects of labour market viz. labour force participation rate, workforce participation rate, unemployment rate and wage rate. An attempt has been made to capture the discrimination at work by computing Gender Gap Index using major indicators of labour market. For computing the index, data for the last four decades has been used. The analysis shows that there are gaps in effective enforcement of relevant laws and implementation of women responsive policies. The gender gap index for employment opportunities and the analysis of major employment indicators showed that gender gap is increasing in many aspects. Major indicators of employment such as Labour Force participation rate, Worker population ratio, Unemployment rate and wages now have larger gender gaps than before.

Good intentions meet harsh realities: Social dialogue and precarious work in industrial cleaning

2019 ◽  
pp. 0143831X1988026
Author(s):  
Trine P Larsen ◽  
Mikkel Mailand ◽  
Thorsten Schulten
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Labour Market Regulation ◽  
Social Partners ◽  
Industrial Cleaning

This article offers a comparative study of recent joint initiatives by Danish and German social partners within the industrial cleaning sector. It examines how, and to what extent, the day-to-day realities of industrial cleaners vary due to distinct regulatory regimes and explores why social dialogue initiatives have not had a greater impact in terms of improving wages, working conditions and social benefits. The authors find that, whilst sector institutions help counteract precariousness for some cleaning workers, the increasingly intense competition within industrial cleaning contributes to increased segmentation as employers seek various loopholes within existing labour market regulation to cut costs. Therefore, the labour force within the cleaning sector is increasingly segmented, with some cleaners ending up in highly precarious situations, whilst others are helped by various joint initiatives by social partners to improve atypical workers’ conditions.

The Impact of Internal Work Environment on the Retention of Healthcare Providers at Turaif General Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1199
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alrouili ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Internal Work ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

This study attempted to identify the impact of internal work environment on the retention of healthcare providers at Turaif General Hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In particular, the study aimed to identify the dimensions of work circumstances, compensation, and relationship with colleagues, professional growth, and the level of healthcare providers’ retention. In order to achieve the study goals, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. The researcher used the questionnaire as the study tool. The study population comprised all the healthcare providers at Turaif General Hospital. Questionnaires were distributed to the entire study sample that consisted of 220 individuals. The number of questionnaires valid for study was 183 questionnaires. The research findings were as follows: the participants’ estimate of the work circumstances dimension was high (3.64), the participants’ estimate of the compensation dimension was moderate (3.32), the participants’ estimate of the relationship with colleagues dimension was high (3.62), the participants’ estimate of the professional growth dimension was weak (2.39), and the participants’ estimate of healthcare providers’ retention level was intermediate (2.75). Accordingly, the researcher’s major recommendations are: the need to create the right atmosphere for personnel in hospitals, the interest of the hospital to provide the appropriate conditions for the staff in terms of the physical and moral aspects for building the work adjustment in the staff, and conducting training courses and educational lectures for personnel in hospitals on how to cope with the work pressures.

Book Review: Jolly, J.L., & Jarvis, J.M. (Eds). (2018). Exploring Gifted Education: Australian and New Zealand Perspectives. Melbourne, Australia: Routledge.

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Gifted Education ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Areas Of Concern

In this first edition book, editors Jolly and Jarvis have compiled a range of important, contemporary gifted education topics. Key areas of concern focus on evidence-based practices and research findings from Australia and New Zealand. Other contributors include 14 gifted education experts from leading Australian and New Zealand Universities and organisations. Exploring Gifted Education: Australian and New Zealand Perspectives, introduced by the editors, is well organised. Jolly and Jarvis’s central thesis in their introduction is to acknowledge the disparity between policy, funding and practice in Australia and New Zealand. Specifically, in relation to Australia, they note that a coordinated, national research agenda is absent, despite recommendations published by the Australian Senate Inquiry almost 20 years ago.

Breaking the Metal Ceiling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Campos ◽  
Markus Goldstein ◽  
Laura McGorman ◽  
Ana Maria Munoz Boudet ◽  
Obert Pimhidzai
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Occupational Segregation ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Female Labour Market Participation ◽  
Sub Saharan

Evidence from developed and developing countries indicates that there is significant gender segregation within the labour market, with women more likely to work in low-productivity sectors or less profitable businesses. This chapter looks at occupational segregation which significantly contributes to the earnings gender gap worldwide. The chapter studies the differences in outcomes for male and female enterprises and their sectors in sub-Saharan Africa, a region of high female labour market participation and entrepreneurship. Data on Uganda show that women breaking into male-dominated sectors make as much as men, and three times more than women staying in female-dominated sectors. Factors including entrepreneurial skill/abilities and credit/human capital constraints do not explain women’s sectoral choices. However, information about profitability of their small enterprises, male role models’ influence, and exposure to the sector from family and friends are critical in helping women circumvent or overcome norms undergirding occupational segregation.

scholarly journals Bacterial contamination control mats: a comparative study

1977 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Meddick
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Contamination Control ◽  
Different Types

SUMMARYThe ability of six different types of contamination control mats currently in use at the entrances to theatre suites and other clean areas to remove bacteria-carrying particles from theatre trolley wheels was compared. Marked differences in the effectiveness of this property were obtained; and all mats showed some disadvantages. Modification of one of the mats has resulted in improved efficiency under working conditions.

scholarly journals Professionalisation of early childhood education and care practitioners: Working conditions in Ireland

2021 ◽  
pp. 146394912110101
Author(s):  
Geraldine Mooney Simmie ◽  
Dawn Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Education And Care

The last decade has revealed a global (re)configuring of the relationships between the state, society and educational settings in the direction of systems of performance management. In this article, the authors conduct a critical feminist inquiry into this changing relationship in relation to the professionalisation of early childhood education and care practitioners in Ireland, with a focus on dilemmatic contradictions between the policy reform ensemble and practitioners’ reported working conditions in a doctoral study. The critique draws from the politics of power and education, and gendered and classed subjectivities, and allows the authors to theorise early childhood education and care professionalisation in alternative emancipatory ways for democratic pedagogy rather than a limited performativity. The findings reveal the state (re)configured as a central command centre with an over-reliance on surveillance, alongside deficits of responsibility for public interest values in relation to the working conditions of early childhood education and care workers, who are mostly part-time ‘pink-collar’ women workers in precarious roles. The study has implications that go beyond Ireland for the professionalisation of early childhood education and care workers and meeting the early developmental needs of young children.

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