scholarly journals EKSISTENSI PERKEMBANGAN MAZHAB PSIKOLOGI ISLAM SEBAGAI ALIRAN BARU DALAM PSIKOLOGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-35
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Mental Life ◽  
New Schools ◽  
Spiritual Nature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Psychology ◽  
Human Image

This paper explains about of the development of Islamic psychology which the explanation begins with the history of contemporary psychology. Then explain the reasons for the emergence of Islamic psychology. With the development of new schools and theories that emerged. Because it is open to scientists to provide criticism and refinement of existing theories. The presence of the Islamic Psychology school is a form of psychology based on human image according to Islamic teachings, which studies the uniqueness and patterns of human behavior as an expression of the experience of interaction with oneself, the environment, and spiritual nature, with the aim of improving mental health and the quality of religious life on the basis of Islamic noble values to achieve the happiness of living in this world and the hereafter. The existence of this paper is expected to trigger psychology scientists to develop Islamic Psychology according to figures in Muslim thought as a study of behavior and mental life on the basis of theories on understanding the verses of the Qur'an and Sunnah.

Quality of Life and Mental Health in Brazilian Women Treated for Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 794-799
Author(s):  
Gabriela A. Caixeta ◽  
Emma E. C. Castro ◽  
Agnaldo L. Silva-Filho ◽  
Fernando M. Reis ◽  
José R. Cunha-Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Events ◽  
General Health ◽  
Invasive Carcinoma ◽  
Short Form ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Control Group ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare the quality of life (QOL) and mental health (MH) of women surviving at least 2 years after treatment for invasive carcinoma of the cervix by radical hysterectomy (RH), chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, or by surgery followed by adjuvant therapy (RH + chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy). The QOL/MH of a control group of women with no history of malignancy was also assessed for comparison with the treated groups.MethodsThe levels of QOL and MH were assessed in 114 Brazilian women (57 patients with an average of 4 years since treatment completion and 57 control subjects). The 36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire, the Life Events Inventory, and a general survey for the assessment of sociodemographic data were applied to each participant of the study.ResultsNo differences were noted among the 3 treatment groups or between these and the control group concerning the levels of QOL (either physical or MH aspects), anxiety, general health, or life events. However, lower levels of anxiety were detected in cancer survivors when compared with the control group (P = 0.035).ConclusionsAfter at least 2 years, the QOL and the MH of Brazilian women treated for invasive carcinoma of the cervix were similar to those of women without malignancy and were not affected by the modality of treatment.

The Absence of Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs) in the Treatment of Sexual Abusers: Recommendations for Moving Toward the Use of a True EBP Model

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-705
Author(s):  
Adam Deming ◽  
Jerry L. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Professional Discipline ◽  
History Of

Despite a continued evolution of the field of sexual abuser treatment toward a distinct professional discipline with clinicians using an increasing variety of treatment approaches, there is no consensus regarding the strength of our various clinical interventions as evidence-based practices (EBPs). This article provides a brief history of the development and goals of EBPs in medicine and mental health, and a review of the earnest efforts of researchers within the field to establish treatment approaches with sexual abusers as evidence-based. An appraisal of the current status of EBP’s with sexual abusers is provided. Although there have been improvements in the methodological quality of treatment outcome research with sexual abusers, divergent opinions about treatment effectiveness remain, and the field has not yet agreed on a system or set of criteria for what constitutes “evidence.” We contend that clinical practice has been influenced as much, or more, by new paradigms that are intuitively meaningful and perceived as needed than it has by what has been determined to be scientifically efficacious. This trend and other processes in our field that seem to be slowing the development of EBPs with sexual abusers are discussed. Recommendations for conducting evidence-based reviews and moving the field of sexual abuser treatment toward the use of a true EBP model are provided.

scholarly journals De svåruppfostrade barnen

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thom Axelsson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
School System ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Health Movement ◽  
Child Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quality Of The Population

Around the year 1900, there was an emerging scientific interest in man and human behaviour. Among other things, this interest involved a concern about the quality of the population, especially regarding children. A whole scientific movement, the Child Study Movement, emerged in both the Uni­ted States and Europe, revolving around this interest in children. Different experts were united in their concern about the state of the population of children and developed a variety of models and methods to improve the characteristics and health of children. One category concerned the experts in particular: the misbehaved. Drawing on a Foucauldian perspective on biopower, this article explores how psychiatry played an important role in sorting and categorizing schoolchildren in the early welfare state during the interwar years. Society demanded new ways of controlling the population, and biopower – which is about administering the population and maximizing vitality – became a central element of this governing. This article is a contribution to the history of biopower, and this topic is discussed with the emergence and establish­ment of child and school psychiatry during 1910–1955 serving as an example. In this article, it is argued that the involvement of psychiatrists occurred in three steps: as a part of creating and defining new categories of “problem children” within the school system, due to influence from the mental health movement with the establishment of advisory clinics and, finally, through hospitalization and specialization in the 1940s.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
Richard Shaw ◽  
Kathleen Sayles ◽  
Dorothea Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors. Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes. Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.

A Historical Perspective on Violence Against and Policing of LGBTQ Communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtenay W. Daum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Sexual Deviancy ◽  
Gay Bars ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexual Conduct

Law enforcement has a lengthy history of policing LGBTQ communities. Throughout the 20th century, police utilized laws prohibiting same-sex sexual conduct to criminalize LGBTQ individuals, and to target public gathering places including gay bars. Sodomy prohibitions were supplemented by mental health diagnoses including assumptions about criminal pathologies among LGBTQ individuals and the government’s fear that LGBTQ individuals’ sexual perversions made them a national security risk to subject LGBTQ communities to extensive policing based on their alleged sexual deviance. The successes of the gay rights movement led the American Psychiatric Association to declassify homosexuality as a mental health disorder in the 1970s, and the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision that prohibitions on sodomy run afoul of the Constitution ended the de jure criminalization of LGBTQ individuals based on their sexual conduct. Today, policing of LGBTQ communities consists of both overpolicing and underenforcement. Law enforcement regularly profiles some facets of LGBTQ communities in order to selectively enforce general criminal prohibitions on public lewdness, solicitation, loitering, and vagrancy—consistent with the goals of “quality of life” policing—on gay men, transwomen, and LGBTQ youth, respectively. The selective enforcement of these laws often targets LGBTQ people of color and other intersectionally identified LGBTQ individuals in order to criminalize their existence based on ongoing stereotypes about sexual deviancy. In addition, police regularly fail to recognize LGBTQ individuals as victims of crimes, with the exception of particularly heinous hate crimes, and do not adequately attend to their needs and/or subject them to secondary victimization. As such, the relationship between many LGBTQ communities and law enforcement continues to be characterized by antagonisms and mistrust.

The importance of trials for global mental health

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Thornicroft ◽  
Vikram Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Continuum ◽  
Key Terms

This chapter sets the scene for the book as a whole by defining key terms, giving a brief history of randomized controlled trails (RCTs) in mental health research, explaining why RCTs can produce strong forms of evidence, and by locating trials within the translational research continuum. The authors describe criteria with which to judge the quality of pragmatic RCTs. Finally the authors discuss how the results of trials can be used to inform policy, investment, and service delivery decisions in low and middle income countries.

Reducing Seclusion and Restraint in Mental Health Care: A European Challenge

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Steinert
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Psychiatric Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Degrading Treatment

The discussion on the use of coercive interventions such as seclusion and restraint accompanies the history of psychiatry from its beginning. It is the oldest and still topical issue of psychiatric institutions. Nowadays, the political growing together of Europe puts questions of common ethical standards on the agenda. The quality of psychiatric care and particularly the use of freedom-restricting coercive measures for mentally ill people are a challenge for modern civilized societies. There is a wide variety in the use of coercive interventions in different European countries in the past and the presence. An important supra-national institution dealing with the issue of coercive interventions in mental health care is the CPT (Committee for the Prevention of Inhumane or degrading Treatment or Punishment). Available data on the use of coercive interventions in different countries were found by literature review. The percentage of admissions exposed to seclusion or restraint varies from zero (Iceland) to 35% (Austria). The median duration of a coercive measure varies from 15 minutes (physical restraint, UK) to 16 days (seclusion, Netherlands). Recently, in several European countries (Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, UK) initiatives have emerged to reduce seclusion and restraint. Obstacles for decreasing coercion in clinical psychiatry are discussed, suggestions for action are given.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
Richard Shaw ◽  
Kathleen Sayles ◽  
Dorothea Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors. Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes. Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
Richard Shaw ◽  
Kathleen Sayles ◽  
Dorothea Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors. Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes. Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.

scholarly journals Psychiatry in the future

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 315-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Priebe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Routine Service ◽  
Mental Health Reforms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Community Based Services

European nations – including Britain – have a common pattern in their history of mental health care. Most western and central European countries established large asylums in the 19th century and engaged in some form of de-institutionalisation during the second half of the 20th century. Since the 1950s, major mental health reforms have significantly improved the quality of care. Although time of onset, pace, fashion and outcomes of reforms varied greatly between countries, throughout western Europe community-based services have been established and become part of routine service provision (Becker & Vázquez-Barquero, 2001). Compared with the heyday of the reform spirit in the 1970s, we now appear to be experiencing a relatively calm period. Developments currently seem to be dominated by fragmented pragmatism rather than by dreamy visions. This may reflect a wider trend in politics: throughout Europe, ambitious long-term visions appear less relevant as drivers for political change than was the case a few decades ago.

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