Tropiąc Emanuela Ringelbluma. Udział polskiej Kriminalpolizei w „ostatecznym rozwiązaniu kwestii żydowskiej”

2014 ◽  
pp. 27-56
Author(s):  
Jan Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Secret Police ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Warsaw Ghetto ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Dark Blue ◽  
Police Forces

During the occupation, Germans re-organized the Polish police forces. The regular police, henceforth known as “Dark-blue police”, resumed its duties under the supervision of the German Order Police [Orpo – Ordnungspolizei], while the secret police, now called Polish Criminal Police, was incorporated into the German Kriminalpolizei, or Kripo. Although there have been no historical studies of the Polish Kripo, it seems that this organization played an essential role in tracking down and killing the Jews in hiding. This article, which largely draws on previously unknown archival material, focuses on the Warsaw section of the Polish Criminal Police. More specifically, it discusses the creation and the role of several specialized units, created for the sole reason of hunting down the Jews in hiding, in Warsaw, during the 1943–1944 period. The units have been responsible, among others, for the detection and arrest of Emanuel Ringelbum, the founder of “Oneg Shabbat”, the underground archive of the Warsaw ghetto.

scholarly journals Hunting down Emanuel Ringelblum. The Participation of the Polish Kriminalpolizei in the ‘Final Solution of the Jewish Question

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-41
Author(s):  
Jan Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Jewish Question ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Secret Police ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Warsaw Ghetto ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Police Forces

During the occupation, the Germans re-organised the Polish police forces. The regular police, henceforth known as ‘blue police’, resumed its duties under the supervision of the German Order Police [Orpo – Ordnungspolizei], while the secret police, now called Polish Criminal Police, was incorporated into the German Kriminalpolizei, or Kripo. Although there have been no historical studies of the Polish Kripo, it seems that this organisation played an essential role in tracking down and killing the Jews in hiding. This article, which largely draws on previously unknown archival material, focuses on the Warsaw section of the Polish Criminal Police. More specifically, it discusses the creation and the role of several specialised units, created for the sole reason of hunting down the Jews in hiding, in Warsaw, during the 1943–1944 period. The units have been responsible, among others, for the detection and arrest of Emanuel Ringelblum, the founder of “Oneg Shabbat”, the underground archive of the Warsaw ghetto.

Maximising Soft Power: the Role of Digital Diplomacy in Building Trust with Nation-Branding

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jess Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Nation Branding ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Digital Diplomacy

Perceptions of attractiveness and trustworthiness impact the prosperity and influence of countries. A country's soft power is not guaranteed. Countries have their brands, an image shaped by the behaviour of governments, by what they do and say, whom they associate with, and how they conduct themselves on the global stage. Increasingly, digital diplomacy plays a crucial role in the creation and application of soft power. This paper argues that digital diplomacy is increasingly vital in the articulation of soft power. Digital diplomacy is a new way of conducting public diplomacy, offering new and unparalleled ways of building trust with previously disengaged audiences. Soft power is now the driving force behind reputation and influence on the global stage, where increasingly digital diplomacy plays an essential role.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Essential role of Sharpin in TNFα dependent NFκB activation in primary hepatocytes

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Lange ◽  
S Sieber ◽  
A Erhardt ◽  
G Sass ◽  
HJ Kreienkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes

Different Abilities of Thrombin Receptor Activating Peptide and Thrombin to Induce Platelet Calcium Rise and Full Release Reaction

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (05) ◽  
pp. 1323-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Lasne ◽  
José Donato ◽  
Hervé Falet ◽  
Francine Rendu
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Dense Granule ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Thrombin Receptor ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
External Calcium ◽  
Maximum Rise ◽  
Granule Release

SummarySynthetic peptides (TRAP or Thrombin Receptor Activating Peptide) corresponding to at least the first five aminoacids of the new N-terminal tail generated after thrombin proteolysis of its receptor are effective to mimic thrombin. We have studied two different TRAPs (SFLLR, and SFLLRN) in their effectiveness to induce the different platelet responses in comparison with thrombin. Using Indo-1/AM- labelled platelets, the maximum rise in cytoplasmic ionized calcium was lower with TRAPs than with thrombin. At threshold concentrations allowing maximal aggregation (50 μM SFLLR, 5 μM SFLLRN and 1 nM thrombin) the TRAPs-induced release reaction was about the same level as with thrombin, except when external calcium was removed by addition of 1 mM EDTA. In these conditions, the dense granule release induced by TRAPs was reduced by over 60%, that of lysosome release by 75%, compared to only 15% of reduction in the presence of thrombin. Thus calcium influx was more important for TRAPs-induced release than for thrombin-induced release. At strong concentrations giving maximal aggregation and release in the absence of secondary mediators (by pretreatment with ADP scavengers plus aspirin), SFLLRN mobilized less calcium, with a fast return towards the basal level and induced smaller lysosome release than did thrombin. The results further demonstrate the essential role of external calcium in triggering sustained and full platelet responses, and emphasize the major difference between TRAP and thrombin in mobilizing [Ca2+]j. Thus, apart from the proteolysis of the seven transmembrane receptor, another thrombin binding site or thrombin receptor interaction is required to obtain full and complete responses.

Collagen-Induced Platelet Aggregation: -Evidence Against the Essential Role of Platelet Adenosine Diphosphate

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1193-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Nunn
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryThe hypothesis that platelet ADP is responsible for collagen-induced aggregation has been re-examined. It was found that the concentration of ADP obtaining in human PRP at the onset of aggregation was not sufficient to account for that aggregation. Furthermore, the time-course of collagen-induced release in human PRP was the same as that in sheep PRP where ADP does not cause release. These findings are not consistent with claims that ADP alone perpetuates a collagen-initiated release-aggregation-release sequence. The effects of high doses of collagen, which released 4-5 μM ADP, were not inhibited by 500 pM adenosine, a concentration that greatly reduced the effect of 300 μM ADP. Collagen caused aggregation in ADP-refractory PRP and in platelet suspensions unresponsive to 1 mM ADP. Thus human platelets can aggregate in response to collagen under circumstances in which they cannot respond to ADP. Apyrase inhibited aggregation and ATP release in platelet suspensions but not in human PRP. Evidence is presented that the means currently used to examine the role of ADP in aggregation require investigation.

They think they find themselves: radical violence and narcissistic-identity suffering

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Brunet
Keyword(s):  
Lone Wolf ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Ideal Ego ◽  
Group Regression ◽  
The Ideal

This article proposes a model of individual violent radicalisation leading to acts of terrorism. After reviewing the role of group regression and the creation of group psychic apparatus, the article will examine how violent radicalisation, by the reversal of the importance of the superego and the ideal ego, serves to compensate the narcissistic identity suffering by “lone wolf” terrorists.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document