scholarly journals Comparative DNA Analysis of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) palms with polyembryonic and monoembryonic origins

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Daisy Jane Toting ◽  
Tessie Nuñez ◽  
Dilberto Ferraren
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Dna Primers

Makapuno is a rare, high-value coconut in the Philippines known for its extraordinary thick gelatinous meat with various uses in the food industry. Homozygous makapuno embryos do not germinate in vivo so plantlets are produced in vitro. where one plantlet grows from an embryo. Rare cases of polyembryony were observed in makapuno hybrids developed bythe Visayas State University, Knowledge of the genetic control of polyembryony may be used to increase the production of planting materials of these rare coconut types. DNA analysis of two sets of twins (polyembryonic), three monoembryonic hybrid palms, and their monoembryonic parental cultivars Coconiño and tall makapuno was done using seven DNA primers to determine differences which may be associated with polyembryony in the hybrids. Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of PCR products showed DNA fragments amplified by primers CAC2 and CAC56 which are unique to the twins suggesting that polyembryony might have a genetic origin.

Purification, characterization, synthesis, in vivo and in vitro antihypertensive activity of bioactive peptides derived from coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) cake globulin hydrolysates

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (95) ◽  
pp. 92688-92698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yajun Zheng ◽  
Yufeng Zhang ◽  
Liyun Liu ◽  
Songlin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

This paper reports the purification, characterization,in vivoandin vitroantihypertensive activity of two novel peptides derived from coconut cake globulin hydrolysates.

In-vivo and in-vitro secretion of prolactin by lactating rat adenohypophyses as a function of intracellular age

1984 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mena ◽  
G. Martínez-Escalera ◽  
C. Clapp ◽  
C. E. Grosvenor
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
H 26

ABSTRACT Adenohypophysial prolactin of lactating rats was pulse-labelled by [3H]leucine injected i.v. at the time of removal of the pups. The [3H]prolactin concentration in the pituitary gland, analysed by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, progressively fell as the time from labelling to removal of the pituitary gland increased from 8 to 24 h, which suggests that there was a loss of hormone as it aged within the gland. Suckling effectively provoked the depletion–transformation of total and [3H]prolactin (extracted at pH 7·2) when applied after 8 h but not when applied after either 16 or 24 h after removing the pups. In rats whose pups were removed for 8 h, suckling also depleted–transformed [3H]prolactin labelled 4 h, but not that labelled 1 h before suckling. The pituitary glands of other lactating rats were labelled with [3H]leucine injected i.v. at various times before removing the glands and incubating them in medium 199. The secretion into the medium of [3H]prolactin labelled either 4, 8, 16 or 24 h beforehand was maximal during the first 30 min then declined from 30 to 240 min of incubation. However, secretion of prolactin labelled 1 h and 10 min beforehand reached a maximum after 0·5–1 h and 2 h of incubation respectively, then remained constant during the remainder of the 4-h incubation period. The total 4-h secretion of [3H]prolactin was greatest (65% of preincubation concentration) from those glands labelled 4 h before in contrast to those labelled 10 min (15%) or 1 (38%), 8 (34%), 16 (18%) or 24 h (26%) before incubation. Taken together, these data suggest that prolactin synthesized 4 h earlier is more likely to be released in response to physiological stimuli than is more recently formed prolactin or prolactin which has remained in the pituitary gland for 16 h or longer. J. Endocr. (1984) 101, 27–32

Subsitusi Fitohormon Dengan Air Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) pada Medium Vacin and Went Terhadap Pertumbuhan Eksplan Anggrek Dendrobium sp Secara in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulan Dari Neng Gumiwang ◽  
Tintrim Rahayu ◽  
Ari Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

The purpose of this research is to determine the concentration of young coconut water that is appropriate for the growth of orchid plantlets (Dendrobium sp.) In vitro. This study used an experimental method, descriptive data analysis to compare several different concentrations of coconut water. The design of this study uses a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments consist of 0% coconut water concentration (as a control), 15%, 30% and 60%. Each concentration was carried out 5 replications and each repetition consisted of 5 Dendrobium sp plantlets in each culture bottle conducted for 40 HST, for observing the root length carried out for 50 HST. The highest number of shoots and leaves were produced at the same concentration, namely 150 ml / L coconut water treatment (15% concentration) with an average of 2.8 shoots and the average number of leaves 10.8 leaves. The average number of roots and the longest root length was produced at a concentration of 600 ml / L coconut water (60% concentration) with an average of 6 roots, and the longest root length was 0.5 cm.Keywords: Young coconut water, (Cocos nucifera L.), Dendrobium sp., in vitro, growth.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini ialah menentukan konsentrasi air kelapa muda yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan planlet anggrek (Dendrobium sp.) secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, analisis data secara deskriptif untuk membandingan beberapa konsentrasi air kelapa yang berbeda. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakukan terdiri dari konsentrasi air kelapa 0 % (sebagai kontrol), 15% , 30% dan 60%. Masing-masing konsentrasi dilakukan 5 kali ulangan dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari 5 planlet Dendrobium sp dalam setiap botol kultur yang dilakukan selama 40 HST, untuk pengamatan panjang akar dilakukan selama 50 HST. Jumlah tunas dan jumlah daun terbanyak dihasilkan pada konsentrasi yang sama, yaitu perlakuan air kelapa 150 ml/L (konsentrasi 15%)  dengan rata-rata jumlah tunas terbanyak 2,8 tunas dan rata-rata jumlah daun terbanyak 10,8 helai daun. Rata-rata jumlah akar terbanyak dan panjang akar terpanjang dihasilkan pada konsentrasi air kelapa 600 ml/L (Konsentrasi 60%) dengan rata-rata jumlah akar terbanyak sebanyak 6 akar, dan rata-rata panjang akar terpanjang 0,5 cm.Kata kunci : Air kelapa Muda (Cocos nucifera L.), Dendrobium sp., in vitro, pertumbuhan 

scholarly journals Assessment of Acid Phosphatase Production by In vitro Cultures of Atropa acuminata

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Saima Khan ◽  
Meenu Katoch ◽  
Sharada Mallubhotla ◽  
Suphla Gupta ◽  
Manju Sambyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Crude Enzyme Extract ◽  
Atropa Acuminata

The potential of various culture lines of Atropa acuminata were investigated for resourcing acid phosphatase (ACP) (3.1.3.2). Crude enzyme extract comprised of a mixture of four isoforms, distinguishable by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) with molecular weight ranging from 39 to 215 kDa. In vitro regenerated proliferative shoots, callus and roots showed higher specific activity (2.49, 3.41, 2.91 U/mg protein, respectively) as compared to in vivo grown plants (0.71 U/mg protein). ACP activity in root cultures increased progressively up to 4.6 U/mg during the entire growth period (2 ? 24 weeks), whereas in case of shoot cultures, the specific activity escalated to 2.49 U/mg at 8 weeks, which then declined subsequently (1.95 U/mg). Similarly, callus cultures initially showed a higher phosphohydrolytic activity (3.41 U/mg protein) until 8 weeks by which period, it decreased with the passage of growth period. The present studies reveal an alternate system for resourcing of ACP from Atropa acuminata.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 26(1): 15-23, 2016 (June)

Exogenous sucrose can decrease in vitro photosynthesis but improve field survival and growth of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in vitro plantlets

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Fuentes ◽  
Carlos Talavera ◽  
Carlos Oropeza ◽  
Yves Desjardins ◽  
Jorge M. Santamaria
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Two Proteins fromMoraxella catarrhalis That Bear a Common Epitope

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 4374-4381 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. McMichael ◽  
Michael J. Fiske ◽  
Ross A. Fredenburg ◽  
Deb N. Chakravarti ◽  
Karl R. VanDerMeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Sds Page

ABSTRACT The UspA1 and UspA2 proteins of Moraxella catarrhalisare potential vaccine candidates for preventing disease caused by this organism. We have characterized both proteins and evaluated their vaccine potential using both in vitro and in vivo assays. Both proteins were purified from the O35E isolate by Triton X-100 extraction, followed by ion-exchange and hydroxyapatite chromatography. Analysis of the sequences of internal peptides, prepared by enzymatic and chemical cleavage of the proteins, revealed that UspA1 and UspA2 exhibited distinct structural differences but shared a common sequence including an epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody 17C7. By sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), purified UspA1 exhibited a molecular weight of approximately 350,000 when unheated and a molecular weight of 100,000 after being heated for 10 min at 100°C. In contrast, purified UspA2 exhibited an apparent molecular weight of 240,000 by SDS-PAGE that did not change with the length of time of heating. Their sizes as determined by gel filtration were 1,150,000 and 830,000 for UspA1 and UspA2, respectively. Preliminary results indicate the proteins have separate functions in bacterial pathogenesis. Purified UspA1 was found to bind HEp-2 cells, and sera against UspA1, but not against UspA2, blocked binding of the O35E isolate to the HEp-2 cells. UspA1 also bound fibronectin and appears to have a role in bacterial attachment. Purified UspA2, however, did not bind fibronectin but had an affinity for vitronectin. Both proteins elicited bactericidal antibodies in mice to homologous and heterologous disease isolates. Finally, mice immunized with each of the proteins, followed by pulmonary challenge with either the homologous or a heterologous isolate, cleared the bacteria more rapidly than mock-immunized mice. These results suggest that UspA1 and UspA2 serve different virulence functions and that both are promising vaccine candidates.

scholarly journals UJI DAYA HAMBAT ASAP CAIR TEMPURUNG KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli SECARA In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rachel Daniella Dinda Maria Lumban Tobing ◽  
Made Ria Defiani ◽  
Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Daging yang terkontaminasi bakteri berpotensi menimbulkan penyakit yang berbahaya apabila dikonsumsi manusia. Salah  satu  kuman  khususnya bakteri  yang  mencemari  daging  baik  yang  mentah  atau  daging dengan  proses  pematangan  yang  kurang  sempurna  adalah Escherichia coli. Oleh sebab itu, E. coli perlu diminimalisir dengan cara menghambat pertumbuhannya. Salah satu cara alami untuk menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli adalah dengan uji antibakteri menggunakan asap cair. Asap cair dapat diperoleh melalui proses pirolisis dari berbagai biomassa yang mengandung selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin seperti pada tempurung kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.). Asap cair mengandung senyawa fenol dan asam yang bersifat antimikroba dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sumur difusi. Analisis data menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan uji ragam (ANOVA) apabila data memiliki beda nyata pada taraf uji 5% (P?5) maka dilanjutjan uji Duncan. Asap cair tempurung kelapa mampu menghambat pertumbuhan E.coli yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat. Konsentrasi asap cair tempurung kelapa yang efektif menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli adalah konsentrasi 50% dengan diameter zona hambat 16,66 mm dan MIC pada konsentrasi 10% dengan diameter zona hambat 9,33 mm. Hasil uji fitokimia asap cair tempurung kelapa positif mengandung senyawa fenol, flavonoid, triterpenoid, dan saponin serta kadar fenol 2,403% dan kadar saponin 5,50%.

scholarly journals Characterization of proteins from the cytoskeleton of Giardia lamblia

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Crossley ◽  
D.V. Holberton
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Molecular Weights

Proteins from the axonemes and disc cytoskeleton of Giardia lamblia have been examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In addition to tubulin and the 30 X 10(3) molecular weight disc protein, at least 18 minor components copurify with the two major proteins in Triton-insoluble structures. The most prominent minor bands have the apparent molecular weights of 110 X 10(3), 95 X 10(3) and 81 X 10(3). Protein of 30 X 10(3) molecular weight accounts for about 20% of organelle protein on gels. In continuous 25 mM-Tris-glycine buffer it migrates mostly as a close-spaced doublet of polypeptides, which are here given the name giardins. Giardia tubulin and giardin have been purified by gel filtration chromatography in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. Well-separated fractions were obtained that could be further characterized. Both proteins are heterogeneous when examined by isoelectric focusing. Five tubulin chains were detected by PAGE Blue 83 dye-binding after focusing in a broad-range ampholyte gel. Giardin is slightly less acidic than tubulin. On gels it splits into four major and four minor chains with isoelectric points in the pI range from 5.8 to 6.2. The amino acid composition of the giardin fraction has been determined, and compared to Giardia tubulin and a rat brain tubulin standard. Giardins are rich in helix-forming residues, particularly leucine. They have a low content of proline and glycine; therefore they may have extensive alpha-helical regions and be rod-shaped. As integral proteins of disc microribbons, giardins in vivo associate closely with tubulin. The properties of giardins indicate that in a number of respects - molecular size, charge, stoichiometry - their structural interaction with tubulin assemblies will be different from other tubulin-accessory protein copolymers studied in vitro.

scholarly journals Interleukin 13 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 production in primary blood-derived human macrophages in vitro.

1993 ◽  
Vol 178 (2) ◽  
pp. 743-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Montaner ◽  
A G Doyle ◽  
M Collin ◽  
G Herbein ◽  
P Illei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Interleukin 13 ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

The mechanisms by which cellular immunity maintains the asymptomatic state after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are poorly understood. CD4+ T lymphocytes play a complex role in regulating anti-HIV effector pathways, including activation of macrophages, which are themselves implicated in clinical latency and pathogenesis of symptomatic acquired immune deficiency syndrome. We have found that a newly identified T helper type 2 lymphokine, interleukin 13 (IL-13), inhibits HIV-1ADA and Ba-L replication in primary tissue culture-derived macrophages but not in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Viral production in cells was measured by viral protein (p24) and reverse transcriptase levels, while entry was assessed by proviral DNA analysis at timed intervals after infection. Inhibition by IL-13 was dose and time dependent and not mediated through altered viral entry, reverse transcription, or viral release. IL-13 is therefore a candidate cytokine for the suppression of HIV infection within monocytes and macrophages in vivo.

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