scholarly journals ANTHROPONYMS IN THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gullola F. Nishonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Language

This article examines anthroponyms in the history of the Russian language. It is noted that the names of people are diverse in origin and use. Each nation, including the Russian, has its own individual names, which are given in childhood and are usually preserved for life. A large number of Russian people bear the old traditional Russian calendar names included in the past, they were included in church and civil calendars.

About the "supertask" ("sverhzadacha") of K. S. Stanislavsky... (about the history of the word supertask (sverhzadacha) in the Russian language)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
I. I. Krivonosov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Method Acting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Initial Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
Structural Methods ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Terminology System ◽  
National Corpus

The article is devoted to the history of the appearance and functioning of the word supertask (sverhzadacha) in the Russian language. Two lines of the lexeme functioning were distinguished: the first is associated with the etymology of the word, the second – with its use by K. S. Stanislavsky in the terminology system and the further entry of the unit into general use on the basis of determinologization. It is interesting that the second meaning has acquired the most widespread use. Only in the past two decades, the word has begun to lose its connection with the process of artistic creation. The purpose of the study was to briefly review the history of the word: from its first fixation in the Russian language and application by K. S. Stanislavsky (to designate one of the key concepts of Method Acting) up to modern contexts of use. The entry of the lexeme into the language was investigated using structural methods. The methods of contextual and distributive analysis were used to analyse both the contexts in which Stanislavsky used this word and the process of its fixation in the National Corpus of the Russian language. Statistical analysis was used to trace the dynamics of integration of the lexeme into the Russian language and its fixation in various spheres. The methods of component and comparative analysis were used to describe the formation mechanism of the initial term in the historical context. Borrowings of the term supertask (sverhzadacha) were found in other languages, indicating the spread of Stanislavsky’s system. The conclusion is drawn that the word supertask (sverhzadacha) functions in the Russian language mainly as a term from Stanislavsky’s system, gradually becoming determinologized and returning to the meaning conveying the logical sum of its constituent components.

scholarly journals On Changes in Complex Sentences Syntax in the Russian Language of the 17th Century (on Material of Siberian Petitions)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
L. A. Inyutina ◽  
T. S. Shilnikova
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Business Writing ◽  
Russian People ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Local Business ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Syntax ◽  
The Russian Language

The article deals with the problem of forming grammatical (syntactic) norms of the Russian national language based on the material of Siberian monuments of business writing of the 17th century. Relevance of the work is determined by the fact that Russian syntax and the history of the Russian language in Siberia are insufficiently studied, as well as by the need to expand the source base of such research. Scientific novelty of the work consists in the study of historical syntax of the complex sentences in the texts of Siberian petitions, most of which are not published and has not previously been brought to the historical-grammatical research. The high source value and linguistic informativeness of the Siberian petitions of the 17th century are proved. These texts analyze complex sentences with paratactic and hypotactic connections. The article traces the peculiarities of their use in monuments of local business writing in the aspect of developing syntactic norms of the Russian national language. The arsenal of compositional and subordinate conjunctions used in such sentences is defined. The changes in the structure of complex sentences are found out. They reflect live folk speech, language consciousness of the Russian people in Siberia and at the same time they are typical for the syntactic system of the Russian national language in the initial period of its formation.

scholarly journals The word pearl in Russian poetry and its Chinese roots

Neophilology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 536-544
Author(s):  
Jiatong Weng
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Chinese Word ◽  
Russian People ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Russian Poetry ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language

The object of the analysis is the word pearl in the Russian language. The subject of the study is to consider the functioning of this lexeme in Russian poetry. The analysis uses descriptive, comparative, and stylistic methods. The word pearl was borrowed by the Russian language from Chinese through the Turkic mediation in the 12th century. The Chinese word 珍珠 [zhēnzhū] con-sists of two syllable morphemes 珍 ‘rare, expensive, valuable’ and 珠 ‘glob, bead’. We examine the appearance history of this lexeme in the Russian language, reveal the original and figurative meanings of the word and its word-forming and combinative activity. Lexeme pearl is entered the active vocabulary of the Russian language, became widely used in the speech of Russian people, acquired a large number of derivatives and stable phrases with them. We analyze the functioning of the word pearl, the lexemes formed from it, and the stable phrases containing these units in Russian poetry. Pearls have become a favorite means of expressing ideas about beauty, value, love, and emotions among Russian poets. The word pearl, its derivatives and phrases with it are found in the works of most Russian poets, they are noted in the poems of A.S. Pushkin, M.Y. Lermontov, M.I. Tsvetaeva, V.Y. Bryusov, K.D. Balmont and many others. We found that in the works of poets of the 18–19th centuries, the word pearl is regularly found in the singular with an oxytonic accent, and in the twentieth century, the accentuation becomes penultimative, transferred one syllable forward. The perspective of this research is to study the use of the pearl token in translations into Russian of works by foreign authors, including Chinese ones.

scholarly journals Reflections on the transformation of the old east Slavic verbal system

2013 ◽  
pp. 203-222
Author(s):  
Jan Bjornflaten
Keyword(s):  
Radical Change ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Verbal System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
Past Tenses ◽  
The Russian Language

This contribution treats the overall issue of the transformation of the system of past tenses that occurred in the development of Old East Slavic to modern Russian. The divergent opinions concerning the relative as well as the absolute chronology of these changes are discussed briefly. It is argued that the actual recordings of imperfects and aorist in large numbers of texts make it reasonable to assume that the transformation is observable in late mediaeval texts. The attention is directed towards the development of the perfect in terms of the l-participle. It is focused on how the l-participle looses its meaning of current relevance and how it replaces the aorist. In this way several steps in the transformation of the past tenses can be observed, allowing for a detailed interpretation of how this radical change in the history of the Russian language proceeded.

scholarly journals On some verbal features in Western Russian chronicles (constructions “быти + participle in -ъш-/- въш-”, pluperfect)

2021 ◽  
pp. 178-193
Author(s):  
Maria V. Ermolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temporal System ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Language

The article analyzes some verbal features in the West Russian Chronicles (XV–XVI cc.). The 1st part examines contexts with the construction “быти + participle in -ъш- / -въш-”. This construction is extremely uncommon for Old Russian texts, nevertheless the very possibility of its use is very indicative and important for understanding the history of the development of the temporal system in the Russian language. The material of the West Russian chronicles allows to widen the list of contexts with this construction with two more examples. The 2nd part discusses the features of the functioning of pluperfect forms. Rare forms of pluperfect with the linking verb in the aorist form were found in the West Russian Chronicles which is quite unexpected for the late texts. The article discusses possible explanations for this phenomenon. As for the semantics of the pluperfect forms, all of the basic pluperfect meanings are presented in the analyzed Chronicles: perfectness in the past, anti-resultative meaning, discontinuous past. The comparison of the number of the contexts with these meanings to the material of the other chronicles allows us to draw a number of conclusions about the history of the pluperfect’s development in the Old Russian language and its dialects.

PECULIARITIES OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE PRESERVATION BY THE RUSSIAN SETTLERS’ DESCENDANTS IN CHINESE REGION OF THREE RIVERS IN THE ХХ CENTURY AND AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Oleg Pustovalov
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Language Preservation ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Russian People ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Three Rivers ◽  
The Russian Language

The territory of Trekhrechiye is the Region of Three Rivers (Sanhe, the District of Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, the People's Republic of China). This territory is subject to scientific study by historians and philologists. The research objects of this article are language aspects of modern Trekhrechiye. The aim of the study is to describe language competence of the Russian settlers’ descendants, who live now in the Region of Three Rivers, that place became mass residential centre of the Russian people in the XX century. Moreover, it is important to show dynamics of the people’s competences of the Russian language throughout the entire period of the Russian presence there. The description of the language competence of the Russian settlers’ descendants of different generations is based on the results of scientific expedition to the Region of Three Rivers. The expedition took place in 2017–2018 and was undertaken by the author. It allowed the author to monitor the extent of the Russian language preservation in different generations.

SYSTEM OF PARTICIPLES IN THE OSSETIAN LANGUAGE COMPARED TO THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
З.И. Годизова ◽  
Д.В. Габисова
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Language Family ◽  
European Language ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Imperfective Aspect ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Conversion Transition

Актуальность предпринятого исследования обусловлена тем, что причастие в современном осетинском языке не привлекало активного внимания ученых, имеются лишь общие описания причастий, а специальные исследования, посвященные причастиям, практически отсутствуют. Представляется интересным и актуальным сравнение системы причастий и их грамматических особенностей в осетинском и русском языках. Этот интерес обусловлен принадлежностью сопоставляемых языков к общей индоевропейской семье языков, а также тесным их взаимодействием в условиях двуязычия, что, очевидно, может отразиться и на системе причастий. Научная новизна данной статьи заключается в том, что в ней исследуются грамматические особенности всех разрядов причастий в осетинском языке в сопоставлении с русским языком. На основании проведенного анализа установлено, что в современном осетинском языке система причастий включает пять разрядов, разнообразных в своих грамматических проявлениях, в степени регулярности, в склонности переходить в состав других частей речи. Выявлены наиболее значительные отличия осетинских причастий от русских: существование причастий будущего времени в системе осетинского языка, отсутствие у причастий показателей времени и залога, а также именных грамматических категорий (падежа, числа, рода). Установлено также, что в осетинском языке категория вида в большей степени управляет категорией времени, в силу чего несовершенный вид причастий предполагает только настоящее время, а совершенный только прошедшее отсутствует четкая залоговая оппозиция причастий в осетинском языке. Определено также, что осетинские причастия не имеют членных (полных) форм, но функционируют в роли и сказуемого, и определения, хотя в большей степени тяготеют к предикативной роли. В осетинском языке причастия гораздо менее употребительны сравнительно с причастиями в русском языке и чаще вступают в отношения грамматической омонимии с другими частями речи. The relevance of the undertaken study is determined by the fact that participles in the modern Ossetian language are still insufficiently studied. There are only the most general descriptions of grammar features of participles. The comparison of the system of participles and their grammar features seems interesting and actual, especially considering the fact that the Ossetian and Russian languages belong to different groups of the Indo-European language family. Furthermore, in the context of bilingualism the Russian and Ossetian languages interact actively and that can affect the system of participles. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by the fact that it examines the grammatical features of all categories of participles in the Ossetian language in comparison with the Russian language. The conducted research allowed to elicit five categories in the system of participles in the modern Ossetian language. The analysis of the results showed the participles are diverse in their grammatical characteristics, in the degree of regularity, and in the tendency to transition into other parts of speech. The research defined the most significant differences between Ossetian and Russian participles: existence of future participles in the system of the Ossetian language absence of adjectival grammar categories of gender, number and case as well as formal markers of tense and voice in Ossetian participles. The tense category in Ossetian subordinates to the aspect category to a far greater extent therefore the imperfective aspect of participles accepts the present tense forms only, while perfective acts in the past tense forms Ossetian participles lack explicit voice opposition. Ossetian participles do not have full forms, but they can have syntactic functions of both the predicate and the attribute in a sentence, although the predicative function is more typical for them. Participles in the Ossetian language are much less common compared to participles in Russian and are more disposed to conversion (transition to the category of nouns, verbal adverbs, adjectives, words of the state category).

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