scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Penangkapan dan Penahanan Tersangka dalam Perspektif Hak Azasi Manusia

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-114
Author(s):  
Martono Martono
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Presumption Of Innocence ◽  
Mental Attitude ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right

This research was conducted to find out the form of the implementation of the rights of suspects at the level of investigation at the Wajo Regional Police Station, as well as what factors influence the implementation of the rights of the suspect at the investigation level of investigations at the Wajo Regional Police Station. This type of research was conducted in the Wajo district police jurisdiction, and data were obtained from in-depth observations, through interviews and then analyzing existing data. The results of the study were analyzed quantitatively by describing data and also using quantitative analysis with descriptive. Protection of Human Rights in the Judicial Act concerning the principles of quick and low-cost justice, the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of presumption of innocence, and guarantees of Human Rights for all Indonesian citizens under the 1945 Constitution. The results obtained by this article are: shows that the implementation of the rights of the suspect at the investigation level investigation at the Wajo Resort Police, in particular the right to obtain legal assistance, the right to be examined immediately, the right to provide information freely, and the right to be informed of his arrest and detention based on the principle of presumption of innocence, based on the results of the study, have been carried out although not optimal due to several factors, namely (1) the quality of investigative Human Resources is still low, the number of personnel is still lacking and is not balanced with the number of cases, investigators who are not professional and (2) the mental attitude of the investigator which is not good, and the level of awareness the law of society which is paternalism so that it causes resignation to law enforcement officers while supporting factors in the form of the increased budget allocated for the settlement of cases. Abstrak:Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan bertujuan untuk mengetahui wujud implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada tingkat penyidikan di Polres Wajo, serta  faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada pemeriksaan tingkat penyidikan di Polres Wajo. Tipe penelitian  ini dilakukan di wilayah hukum Polres Wajo, dan data diperoleh dari pengamatan yang mendalam, melalui wawancara  kemudian menganalisis data yang ada. Hasil penelitian dianalisi secara kuantitatif dengan mendeskripsikan data dan juga menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan deskriptif. Perlindungan Hak Azasi Manusia dalam Undang-Undang kehakiman mengenai azas peradilan cepat dan biaya ringan, azas non diskriminasi, azas praduga tidak bersalah, dan jaminan Hak Azasi Manusia bagi seluruh warga Negara Indonesia berdasarkan Undang- undang Dasar 1945. Hasil yang diperoleh oleh artikel ini adalah: menunjukkan bahwa wujud implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada pemeriksaan tingkat penyidikan di Kepolisian Resort Wajo, khususnya hak memperoleh bantuan hukum, hak untuk segera diperiksa, hak untuk memberikan keterangan secara bebas, dan hak untuk diberitahukan penagkapan dan penahanannya berdasarkan azas praduga tak bersalah, berdasarkan hasil penelitian,  sudah dilaksanakan meskipun belum optimal yang disebabkan karena beberapa faktor, yaitu (1) kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia  penyidik yang masih rendah, jumlah personil yang masih kurang dan tidak seimbang dengan banyaknya perkara, penyidik yang tidak profesional dan (2) sikap mental penyidik yang kurang baik, serta tingkat kesadaran hukum masyarakat yang paternalisme, sehingga menyebabkan sikap pasrah kepada aparat penegak hukum, sedangkan faktor pendukung berupa meningkatnya anggaran yang dialokasikan untuk penyelesaian perkara.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Penangkapan dan Penahanan Tersangka dalam Perspektif Hak Azasi Manusia

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-114
Author(s):  
Martono Martono
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Presumption Of Innocence ◽  
Mental Attitude ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right

This research was conducted to find out the form of the implementation of the rights of suspects at the level of investigation at the Wajo Regional Police Station, as well as what factors influence the implementation of the rights of the suspect at the investigation level of investigations at the Wajo Regional Police Station. This type of research was conducted in the Wajo district police jurisdiction, and data were obtained from in-depth observations, through interviews and then analyzing existing data. The results of the study were analyzed quantitatively by describing data and also using quantitative analysis with descriptive. Protection of Human Rights in the Judicial Act concerning the principles of quick and low-cost justice, the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of presumption of innocence, and guarantees of Human Rights for all Indonesian citizens under the 1945 Constitution. The results obtained by this article are: shows that the implementation of the rights of the suspect at the investigation level investigation at the Wajo Resort Police, in particular the right to obtain legal assistance, the right to be examined immediately, the right to provide information freely, and the right to be informed of his arrest and detention based on the principle of presumption of innocence, based on the results of the study, have been carried out although not optimal due to several factors, namely (1) the quality of investigative Human Resources is still low, the number of personnel is still lacking and is not balanced with the number of cases, investigators who are not professional and (2) the mental attitude of the investigator which is not good, and the level of awareness the law of society which is paternalism so that it causes resignation to law enforcement officers while supporting factors in the form of the increased budget allocated for the settlement of cases. Abstrak:Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan bertujuan untuk mengetahui wujud implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada tingkat penyidikan di Polres Wajo, serta  faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada pemeriksaan tingkat penyidikan di Polres Wajo. Tipe penelitian  ini dilakukan di wilayah hukum Polres Wajo, dan data diperoleh dari pengamatan yang mendalam, melalui wawancara  kemudian menganalisis data yang ada. Hasil penelitian dianalisi secara kuantitatif dengan mendeskripsikan data dan juga menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan deskriptif. Perlindungan Hak Azasi Manusia dalam Undang-Undang kehakiman mengenai azas peradilan cepat dan biaya ringan, azas non diskriminasi, azas praduga tidak bersalah, dan jaminan Hak Azasi Manusia bagi seluruh warga Negara Indonesia berdasarkan Undang- undang Dasar 1945. Hasil yang diperoleh oleh artikel ini adalah: menunjukkan bahwa wujud implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada pemeriksaan tingkat penyidikan di Kepolisian Resort Wajo, khususnya hak memperoleh bantuan hukum, hak untuk segera diperiksa, hak untuk memberikan keterangan secara bebas, dan hak untuk diberitahukan penagkapan dan penahanannya berdasarkan azas praduga tak bersalah, berdasarkan hasil penelitian,  sudah dilaksanakan meskipun belum optimal yang disebabkan karena beberapa faktor, yaitu (1) kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia  penyidik yang masih rendah, jumlah personil yang masih kurang dan tidak seimbang dengan banyaknya perkara, penyidik yang tidak profesional dan (2) sikap mental penyidik yang kurang baik, serta tingkat kesadaran hukum masyarakat yang paternalisme, sehingga menyebabkan sikap pasrah kepada aparat penegak hukum, sedangkan faktor pendukung berupa meningkatnya anggaran yang dialokasikan untuk penyelesaian perkara.

scholarly journals KENDALA DALAM PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI BALAI PEMASYARAKATAN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA PADA SISTEM PERADILAN ANAK

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Nuryuli Nurdin ◽  
Baso Madiong ◽  
Yulia A. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement Officials ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Collection Methods

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pelaksanaan Fungsi Balai Pemasyarakatan (BAPAS) Makassar Dalam Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Pada Sistem Pidana Anak dan Kendala Balai Pemasyarakatan dalam Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Pada Sistem Peradilan Anak. Penelitian merupakan penelitian normatif. Metode Pengumpulan Data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknis Analisis data ini merupakan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Balai Pemasyarakatan kelas I Makassar sebagai salah satu penegak hukum khususnya dalam pembimbingan terhadap anak nakal menjalankan perannya tersebut melalui tiga tahap, yaitu tahap Pra ajudikasi, tahap ajudikasi dan tahap Post ajudikasi. Faktor kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan Fungsi Balai Pemasyarakatan (BAPAS) antara lain kelemahan aturan hukum yang berlaku terhadap tindak pidana anak, kurangnya koordinasi diantara sesama aparat penegak hukum, rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia di BAPAS, and kurang Sarana dan Prasarana yang memadai. Mengakibatkan pelaksaan Fungsi Balai Pemasyarakatan (BAPAS) kurang optimal, dan alokasi anggaran dana yang sangat minim. This study aims to determine the implementation of the function of Makassar Correctional Center (BAPAS) in the Protection of Human Rights in the Criminal Justice System of Children and the Obstacles of the Correctional Center in the Protection of Human Rights in the Justice System of Children. This research is normative research. Data collection methods were through interviews and documentation. Technical analysis of the data is a qualitative analysis. The results showed that Correctional Center Class I Makassar as one of the law enforcers, especially in guiding delinquents carried out their roles in three stages, which are the Pre-adjudication stage, the adjudication stage and the Post-adjudication stage. Obstacles faced in the implementation of the function of Correctional Center (BAPAS) are weaknesses in the rule of law that applies to the crimes of children, lack of coordination among law enforcement officials, low quality of human resources at BAPAS, and lack of adequate facilities and infrastructure. As a result, the implementation of the function of Correctional Center (BAPAS) is not optimal, and the budget allocation for funds is very minimal.

Environment protection and Human Rights: The urban environment in International Courts of Human Rights

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (130) ◽  
pp. 292-315
Author(s):  
Mariane Morato Stival ◽  
Sandro Dutra e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right

This article is about the relation between environmental protection and human rights. The right to healthy environment is directly related to the right to life, in its meaning quality of life. The right to the environment has been analyzed in an indirect and reflexive way in regional systems for the protection of human rights. The purpose of this study is to analyze the right to the urban environment in the jurisprudence of the Inter-American and European human Rights Systems. In the methodological context, the analysis will be made of the theory and international legislation of these regional systems on the environment, the jurisprudence analysis of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and the European Court of Human Rights on the urban environment. Possible contributions will be made by the European Court to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights for the extension of environmental protection in the urban context.

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP TERSANGKA PADA TAHAP PENYIDIKAN YANG TDAK SESUAI DENGAN PASAL 52 KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM ACARA PIDANA (contoh kasus: penangkapan tersangka pemilik ribuan rokok illegal)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Andri Tjhin ◽  
Mety Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Article 50 ◽  
The Right

Human rights are the rights attached to every individual and recognized by international law, in practice regarding human rights is regulated to become more specific, namely being the right of the suspect. The KUHAP regulates the rights of suspects precisely in Article 50 until 68. In the case of writing this scientific paper, there are several suspect rights in the stage of investigations that are violated by law enforcement officers, especially article 52, which means there are differences between those stipulated in the law with reality. The research method used is a normative legal research method which is based on primary, secondary, and supported by the results of interviews with related professions, which are then analyzed deductively. The results of this study illustrate that there is legal uncertainty amid law enforcement in Indonesia. Theory of justice, Theory of legal protection and the theory of legal certainty used which essentially becomes a benchmark for conformity of law enforcement in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Proportionality of Interference with the Right to Peaceful Enjoyment of Property During the Seizure of Property in Criminal Proceedings in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 246-264
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Human Right ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Instruments

This article considers relevant science and law enforcement practice issues of state intervention’s legitimacy in the right to peaceful property enjoyment in criminal proceedings during property seizure. These issues are considered everywhere through international instruments’ prism, particularly the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights (ECHR) and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention and the ECtHR case-law. Based on the ECtHR case law, the authors analyze the conditions under which the state may interfere in exercising a protected right, often called criteria for intervention. Based on the fact restrictions are permissible if they are prescribed by law, necessary in a democratic society and pursue a legitimate goal, the authors consider these conditions through the lens of national law enforcement practices of Ukrainian criminal proceedings. The authors emphasize the relevance of these criteria of the legality of individual rights restriction in criminal proceedings since when applying for property seizure, the Ukrainian legislator requires investigating judges to consider reasonableness and restriction proportionality of property rights, and apply the least onerous seizure method, not suspend or excessively restrict a person’s lawful business activities, or other consequences significantly affecting others’ interests. Due to the amendment of the Ukrainian criminal procedure legislation, the practice is slowly approaching the European Court of Human Rights practice’s European standards. However, proper systematic, logical and consistent court decisions limiting the human right to peaceful property possession remain critical. Based on the study, the authors offer a model of logical reasoning, following which the investigating judges can correctly formulate the motivational part of the decision to satisfy or deny the request for property seizure. Particular attention is paid to the reasonableness, suitability, necessity, and proportionality of the means of restricting the right to peaceful enjoyment of the property and describes each of them.

APPLICATION OF FIREARMS AS ONE OF THE MEANS OF COORDINATION BY THE STATE WITHIN THE COMPETENCE OF EMPLOYEES OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladymyrov M. ◽  
Paliukh V.
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the main competencies of law enforcement officers who have the right to use firearms, as a force representing the state to maintain law and order, and prevent violations of human rights and security, which allows to determine the levels of possible use of firearms as a form of coercion and influence on civil society, as well as to identify its subjects and objects - to identify all participants in such a process, and the impact on large social groups in order to comply with the rule of law in society.

scholarly journals Provocation of a crime in the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights and in the national judicial system

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
Zubrytska M. V.
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
National Courts ◽  
European Court ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights

The legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights contain clear criteria for distinguishing provocation of a crime that violates the requirements of paragraph 1 of Art. 6 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950, from lawful conduct in the use of secret methods in criminal proceedings: 1) verification of the validity of the provocation (material criterion of provocation); 2) the procedure for reviewing the complaint on provocation (procedural criterion of provocation); 3) methodology of assessment of the European Court of Human Rights. When considering a defendant's complaint about the presence of signs of provocation in the actions of law enforcement agencies, national courts must establish the following procedural criteria: 1) whether there were grounds for monitoring the commission of the crime; 2) what is the measure of interference of law enforcement officers in the commission of a crime; 3) the nature of the actions to which the accused was subjected. In the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights, examples of provocation to commit a crime are, in particular, the following: law enforcement on its own initiative contact with the applicant in the absence of objective suspicion of his involvement in criminal activity or propensity to commit a criminal offense; 2) renewal of the proposal by law enforcement officers, despite the previous refusal, to insist, exerting pressure. Based on the analysis of the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights, it was concluded that a new presumption has actually appeared in the criminal law of Ukraine - provocation of a crime. The basis for it is Art. 6 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950, as well as the decision of the European Court of Human Rights in cases of provocation. The presumption of provocation of a crime is that an accused who has stated that he committed a crime under the influence of provocative actions of law enforcement officers cannot be prosecuted unless the investigation and the court establish otherwise. In national jurisprudence, courts most often considered the following situations as provocation of a crime: detection of a crime in the absence of objective information about the preparation for the commission of a crime or the beginning of its commission; inciting (pushing) a person to commit a crime through active and persistent actions; violation of the procedural order of conducting procedural actions. Keywords: provocation of a crime, provocation of bribery, incitement, initiative, exposing a crime.

scholarly journals The practice of the Supreme Court and the decisions of the European Court concluding violations of artic - le 3 of the Convention

2020 ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
Alla Radzivill
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
European Convention ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The Right

Law enforcement practice of the Supreme Court in cases involving torture in the light of the standards of the European Court ofHuman Rights. The article is devoted to the study of individual legal positions of the Supreme Court, their coordination with the practiceof the European Court of Human Rights. The author emphasizes that the decisions of the European Court should serve as precedents,which will make it impossible to produce diametrically opposite decisions on similar categories of cases. Analysis of the problem ofcriminal responsibility for torture allows us to form conclusions and suggestions that are important for the development of the theoryof criminal law and the improvement of law enforcement practice.The article deals with the issues related to the peculiarities of the interpretation and application of Article 3 of the European Conventionon Human Rights of the European Court of Human Rights. In particular, the scope of Article 3 has been analyzed; it has been de -fined, what is necessary to understand under concepts of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Substantive and proceduralaspects of violations of the prohibition of torture have been revealed, as well as positive and negative obligations of a state to providethe effective protection of the right. The standards of the appropriate assessment of ill-treatment and the main aspects of judicial qualificationof a particular form of mistreatment as torture have been analyzed. The procedural guarantees, which must be provided for each personat the stage of pre-trial investigation, non-observance of which leads to a breach of Article 3 of the Convention, have been determined.Creation of the effective system of protection of human rights and its efficiency is analysed in relation to the crime of “torture”in the context of European Convention on human rights, which must be in future stored and taken for basis for a further improvementand systematization of the single European standards in area of human rights.

scholarly journals McCann and others v. The United Kingdom and positive obligations pertaining to the planning and control of the operations of law enforcement in line with article 2 of the ECHR

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-699
Author(s):  
Darija Martinov
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

Positive obligations are obligations of the Member States of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms to take active steps to protect the rights guaranteed by this Convention. When it comes to the protection of the right to life, as one of the basic human rights, the case of McCann and Others v. the United Kingdom set a precedent and established new obligations for States party to the Convention when it comes to planning and conducting law enforcement operations. The manner in which these obligations were established, their scope and content, as well as the comments from jurisprudence and practitioners on this innovative judgment, are the subject of the analysis of this paper.

scholarly journals Signs of subjective part of offenses related to the use of authority. Concept of «quasi-corrupt crime»

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Andrieshin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Mental Attitude ◽  
Ne Bis In Idem ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Subjective Side

The article deals with the analyze of the characteristics of the subjective side of the offenses related to the use of authority, and attention is paid to their specificity. In particular, substantive features, forms and volume of wine, purpose orientation and determining influence of motives of these crimes are investigated. Criminal misuses by officials are characterized by actions that can be committed only intentionally, and in most cases the intent is straightforward. Mental attitude to socially dangerous consequences in these crimes can be both intentional and careless. Purpose and motive, depending on the articles formation, are mandatory for separate crimes. In most cases, the purpose of these crimes is to gain wrongful advantage (bribe), and the motive is selfish. Each time for the correct criminal qualification we need to establish a mental attitude of official to all signs of the crime – install the volume of wine. Also, the author proposes to use the concept of "quasi-corrupt crime" in the theory. The author suggests that this is the fraud which includes all its general characteristics. Its specificity is that under certain circumstances it takes on conditional and superficial properties of a corruption offense. However, essentially it is not a corruption offense. In such case, corruptive character is provided through fraud in the misuse of powers or promotion of abuse, which does not actually occur and cannot be embodied in future. And the guilty person must be fully aware of all this. Attention is also paied to the problematic aspects of law enforcement practice and ways to solve them are suggested. Also, the author notes on the inability to prosecute twice, that becomes a violation of «ne bis in idem» principle, which is fixed in Article 4 of Protocol 7 of Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.

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