scholarly journals A Preliminary Framework of Forensic Science Fundamentals Based on its Elements in Shariah Manuscripts

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin ◽  
Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail ◽  
Fuadah Johari ◽  
Muhammad Aunurrochim Mas’ad
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
Legal Opinions

Forensic science has become an ‘odd’ to the shariah due to the dual educational system that segregationally treats science different from religion. As to stitch back the loophole, this study aims to identify forensic elements in classical legal scripts that can lead to the formation of integration theory. This study used Grounded Theory Method that relied upon constant comparative approach guided by literature analysis. The theoretical samples were gathered from classical legal opinions in the admissibility of circumstantial evidence in Islam. This study found that there were 117 free nodes that constantly built four key fundamentals for the framework which were forensics jurisprudence, human capital, forensic analysis, and accreditation. This study proved that there is a connection between science and religion through the application of forensics in Islamic legal scripts. This study suggests further exploratory research on each key fundamental found thus completes the theory development process of this framework.

scholarly journals Developing and Testing a Middle-Range Theory of the Well-Being Supportive Physical Environment of Home-Dwelling Elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu Elo ◽  
Maria Kääriäinen ◽  
Arja Isola ◽  
Helvi Kyngäs
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Middle Range Theory ◽  
Hypothetical Model ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Range Theory ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Deductive Theory

The aim is to describe the development of a middle-range theory by using an inductive-deductive approach. A theory of well-being supporting physical environment of home-dwelling elderly is used as an example. The inductive-deductive theory development process is described through four different phases: (1) the creations of concepts were described inductively through concept synthesis, (2) relationships between the concepts were examined to set up a hypothetical model, (3) hypotheses were set up to verify the concepts and to test hypothetical models, and (4) the verification and presentation of the theory.

A Model Science-Based Learning STEM Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Cieslinski ◽  
Mohamed Gharib ◽  
Brady Creel ◽  
Tala Katbeh
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Engineering And Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract In this paper, a model STEM program called Engineering Heroes: Qatar Special Investigators (QSI), aimed to familiarize young students with science and engineering in real life applications, is presented. The program theme is about forensic science and technology, which included science and engineering activities with hands-on projects to challenge students’ science and critical thinking skills. Throughout the program, students learned about forensic science as an application of science, engineering and technology to collect, preserve, and analyze evidence to be used in the course of a legal investigation. Participants learned the history of forensic analysis and how it evolved into today’s specialized career field. Forensic specialists include backgrounds in chemistry, physics, biology, toxicology, chemical and electrical engineering. Topics included in the program were a study of toxicology and chemical analysis, assays to determine drug contents, fingerprint development, environmental contamination, chromatography in forgery, presumptive vs. confirmatory testing, scanning electron microscopy, infrared analysis, and evidence handling techniques. The details of the program are presented, including the contents, preparation, materials used, case studies, and final crime scene investigation, which featured the learning outcomes.

scholarly journals International Trends in the Field of Forensic Science Standardization, Forensic Science Standardization in Europe, Experience of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Trišić
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Special Review ◽  
Activity Standardization ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Court Proceedings

The subject of this work is to present forensic science standardization trends in the world and in Europe with special review of the application of ISO/IEC 17025:2005 standard, which is a condition for forensic laboratory accreditation. Through the analysis of needs and constant efforts to make the forensic area simpler for cooperation and more practical for use, as well as to improve the quality of forensic analysis results and their acceptance beyond the borders of a country, the author will try to point out the significance of implementing this international standard, in terms of economics and cost-effectiveness, as well as overall rationality. Accepting and exchanging the best professional and scientific experiences, professional help and cooperation in the form of international exchange of forensic data bases, and unreserved acceptance of valid forensic laboratory results ensure the quality the forensic science and profession are striving for, as shown in the EU document titled “Creating a common European space for the forensic sciences 2020”. We believe that forensic activity standardization in Bosnia and Herzegovina will help in fighting terrorism and organized crime more effectively. In other words, the process of forensic analysis will be more valid and practical, forensic laboratories more competent, and court proceedings more effective through norming the forensic handling of evidence. Thus an important obligation of Bosnia and Herzegovina on its way to European integration will be fulfilled, because once a forensic laboratory receives an affirmation for its results, it becomes a benchmark for forensic analyses and crime detection.

scholarly journals The Establishment of Expertology as an Independent Complex Discipline. The Connections between Expertology and Court Procedure, Forensic Science and the Norms of the Substantive Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Svetlana Lukoshkina ◽  
Lyubov Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Independent Research ◽  
Special Person ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Substantive Law

The authors examine the establishment of expertology as an independent complex discipline connected with other branches of legal theory. They conclude that an expert occupies a universal position regardless of the type of court procedure, and that the foundations of forensic analysis are of a complex nature. They also study the connection between expertology, criminal court procedure and other types of procedures, forensic science, psychology and substantive branches of law. It is concluded that the theoretical bases of these disciplines could be enriched by the achievements of forensic work, the development of science and technology. The authors draw parallels between research approaches, different established points of view and practical achievements regarding the issue under consideration. Expertology is presented as an independent research branch (discipline), which justifies the need for a special person who uses special knowledge and is given a procedural status under the current Russian legislation. The problem of the unification of corresponding rights, duties and liabilities in various types of legal activities is described.

scholarly journals Wife’s right to her husband’s property that is disputed by them both

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 2161-2167
Author(s):  
Khobaib Ali Saeed Salem ◽  
Salah Mohamed Moustafa Moustafa Elbahrawi ◽  
Ragab Abou Melih Mohamed Soliman ◽  
Ahmed Fathi Ramdan Abdelgayed
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Applied Method ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Legal Opinions ◽  
The Right

This research study addresses the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence on the right established for a wife in her husband’s property that is disputed by them both, especially after termination of their marital relationship. The research problem lies in that many women, upon their separation from their husbands, believe that their husbands’ financial welfare was only a result of their own assistance in undertaking marital responsibilities. This research study attempts to answer the question raised in such cases: What are the rights established for women against their husband in case they claim so?. The study seeks to highlight the objectives of the Shar?‘?h behind marriage and legalization of divorce, and to illustrate the established as a woman’s right in her husband’s property which she should have shared with him or substituted him in managing, through different considerations. The significance of the study lies in the emergent need for investigating it due to contemporary occurrences. This study builds on a descriptive and deductive comparative approach, along with a referential and applied method based on the juristic maxims and Shar?‘?h objectives, drawing only on preponderant legal opinions; outweighed views and their proofs are not mentioned in this study.

scholarly journals Application of Specialized Linguistic Knowledge in Legal Proceedings: Differentiation and Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Vitaly O. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Forensic Research ◽  
Complex Problems

The article addresses the influence of multidirectional processes of differentiation and integration of specialized linguistic knowledge on the development of forensic science and the practice of expert research, where it is used. The author highlights that both processes contribute to developing theoretical and methodological provisions that allow experts to solve new and complex problems at a higher quality level. The role of differentiation of specialized linguistic knowledge is to create new kinds and types of forensic examinations: author’s, linguistic, forensic analysis of video and sound recordings, forensic research of intellectual property objects. At the same time, the integration of specialized linguistic knowledge ensures the development of the whole scientific direction.

Testing and Refining State-and Prediction-Based Theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Behavior Theory ◽  
Theoretical Ecology ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses

This chapter highlights the importance of testing and refining the behavior theory in individual-based models (IBMs). Establishing a model's credibility is not the only reason to test theory for behavior. Doing so also offers a new and productive approach to theoretical ecology: a way to develop a toolbox of across-level theory useful for modeling populations of adaptive individuals. One can refer to testing and refining behavior sub-models as theory development, and one can do it by following the classic inductive reasoning cycle of posing, testing, and falsifying alternative hypotheses. The chapter provides a brief introduction to the pattern-oriented theory development process and presents several examples.

scholarly journals AN EXPLORATORY RESEARCH ON RELATIONSHIPS WITH STAKEHOLDERS IN INNOVATION

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica Boier
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
New Products ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Mutual Learning ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Innovation Processes

High levels of product innovation activity are occurring through key companies leading and developing stakeholders networks. Thus, an innovating company will be always interested to know the degree to which component suppliers are willing to form partnerships by participating in its new products development process. Recognized as an effective opportunity for innovation, value co-creation allows the company to use relationships with customers and other stakeholders during the generating process, to create a space for mutual learning, co-creation and co-design, in which the stakeolders become an integrated part of the innovation and design process not only as a simple informants. The objective of the study was to describe the way that companies follow in their efforts to innovate involving the stakeholders. Relationships initiated, developed and maintained in this respect were studied on three Romanian companies that activate in the design and development of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software solutions. They also deliver consultancy, implementation and post-implementation services for the products they sell. As source of information were used discutions conducted with directors of marketing from the three companies and also with several stakeholders involved in the innovation processes. Several similarities was found and described, for relationships specific to each category of stakeholder.

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