Investigating Factors of Customer Loyalty Formation for Wellness Spa

Research question: The objective of this paper is to examine the level of the development of spa tourism with a special review of the wellness tourist offer of the Republic of Serbia, and also which factors of this tourist offer we should pay special attention to and improve, to achieve the highest level of tourist loyalty. Motivation: The tourism potential of the Republic of Serbia has not been sufficiently researched and that served as a basic motivational factor. Idea: Considering the tourist potential that Serbia has and partly the work of Han et al., (2017), the fact that spa tourism is the fastest-growing sector in the entire tourism industry, and that the wellness tourism offer is a very important segment of spa tourism, there is a need to identify factors that influence the visitors' loyalty formation for such tourist destinations. As the Republic of Serbia has a lot of wellness centres, it represents a very convenient location for conducting such research. Data: This research included 298 guests of wellness centres in Vrnjačka Banja: "Solaris", "Aleksandar", "Merkur", "Zepter", "Kralj", "Slatina" and "Iwa Wellness Centre". Data collection was performed during July and August 2019. Methods: The PLS-SEM method was used in this paper to test the defined research hypotheses. Factors that contribute to loyalty and revisit for the wellness and spa tourist destination were investigated, and they were measured by the appropriate number of questions: quality of wellness and spa tourism, the value of wellness and spa services, attraction of wellness and spa tourist destination and satisfaction with wellness and spa tourist destination. All attitudes were measured using a five-point Likert scale. Results: The quality and value of wellness and spa services positively impact the affection for wellness and spa tourist destination and satisfaction with wellness and spa tourist destination, while the attraction of wellness and spa tourist destination positively affects satisfaction with wellness and spa tourist destination and tendency to revisit by tourists. The existence of a positive influence of satisfaction with wellness and spa tourist destination and the desire to revisit the tourist loyalty formation was also shown. Contribution: Improving the quality, value, and effect with the Republic of Serbia as a wellness and spa tourist destination will increase the satisfaction of visitors and their desire to revisit this tourist destination, which will lead to greater loyalty in the future. This will increase the revenue generated from this type of tourism and accelerate local and regional development.

Detecting the function of finance through history.

This special review article profiles the work of Joost Jonker, who retires from his chair at the University of Amsterdam in 2021. We situate Joost’s work in the international literature on the financing of governments, businesses and households, showing how his contributions to the field of financial history mirror wider trends. We focus on Joost’s preferred methodology (the analytic narrative) and his preferred theory (the functional perspective). We conclude with a discussion of possible future developments in the field of financial history. Our intention is for this article to become a useful resource for new scholars entering the field of financial history, particularly on topics relating to the Low Countries.

Factors Affecting the Takers of the Qualifying Examinations as Part of the Accountancy Program Retention Policy: The Case of a University in Central Luzon Philippines

This research was carried out to assess the qualifying examinations being administered by a school’s department for a of university in Central Luzon, Philippines for the Incoming Second Year, Third Year and Fifth Year BS Accountancy Students. Using the physical and administrative factors are from Aiken et al. (2008), and the Psychological Testing and Assessment, and University of Waterloo’s Center for Excellence (2016), when Preparing Tests and Exams are the guidelines for qualitative factors of exams revealed that the quality of exams had the lowest mean rating compared to physical environment and administrative responsibilities as the factors when assessing the qualifying examinations. The participants were two hundred ninety four (294) students who took the qualifying examinations. The analysis of variance findings confirmed that there is a significant difference on the assessment of the qualifying exams if grouped according to incoming year level and status. The return of the two strike policy to replace the one strike policy, is the most preferred recommendation by the examinees followed by the special remediation program for deserving ‘late bloomer’ students and the special review classes in preparation of the examination.

Intermittent Fasting on the Ekadashi Day and the Role of Spiritual Nutrition

Intermittent Fasting (IF) has been practiced for centuries with the belief of wellbeing getting restored. The so-called restoration of internal milieu by calorie free periods is believed in many religions. The Muslims practise the night-only-feeds of Ramzan, the Christians in a few selected days of a week and the Hindus fasting every fifteen days on the day of Ekadashi1. Ekadashi is a Sanskrit word, which literally means 'the eleventh'. It actually refers to the eleventh day of a fortnight and hence there are two such days in a lunar month. After the full calorie free day, there are certain prescribed foods and nutrients to be taken the next day of Dwadashi among which amla fruit and agathi keerai leaves are necessarily taken as a starter before actual full-fledged refeeding. There are a few specific ingredients in these foods which make them ideal to break a fasting session2. As these days are associated with the Hindu deities such nutrition can be designed as spiritual nutrition. Such additives to routine diet may help overcome the problems of refeeding. In this review we have attempted to define the scientific basis of fasting during Ekadashi and the reasoning behind the initial administration of agathi keerai leaves and amla fruits before the intake of routine diet on the following day.i.e. Dwadashi. We tried to look for scientific evidences behind such fortnightly fasting and the specialized feeds on the next day and kept them as objectives of this special review

An Analysis on the Antenatal Care Service Factors Affecting Pregnant Women in Bangladesh: A Special Review on Private Hospitals

The rate of maternal mortality of Bangladesh is increasing day by day. Among many reasons early marriage, unplanned impregnation or lack of antenatal care are the major causes of those maternal deaths. Antenatal care is significantly effective for the mother and their newborns during pregnancy period especially from severe bleeding, high blood pressures, infections or complications during delivery. Several researches have conducted in various countries about the antenatal care service factors affecting pregnant women during pregnancy period but have not been organized information collectively. Hence, further research need to accomplish a literature review for finding organized information about the antenatal care service factors affecting pregnant women in Bangladesh. This is a descriptive analysis based on the information extracted from different literature review, primary and secondary data sources by using a specific methodology. The study found that 60.87 percent pregnant women have adequate information about the ANC services and 39.13 percent have partial knowledge about the ANC services. The major outcomes of this special review study might help the respective authorities and interested groups to make plan and improvement existing approaches for application of ANC factors affecting pregnant women in Bangladesh.

China's ecological path

For almost two decades, the People's Republic of China has been on the path of complete environmental transformation and redesign of its image in the international community. China is becoming not only an active but also a dominant participant in the global fight against climate change. In addition, China is firmly determined to change its internal environmental situation and its policy of further industrial progress, harmonizing its own political goals with the generally accepted environmental goals of humanity. The paper presents the basic facts concerning certain historical and political circumstances, which caused flawed attitudes towards the environment in China. It also describes the radical ecological and political distancing from the previous disregard of ecological problems and the recent formulation of ten new goals, i.e., policies, which are contained in the new ideology of "ecological civilization". A special review is given of the ecological elements of the Belt and Road initiative and previous Chinese achievements in ecological and technological development. The conclusion also proposes the directions for possible cooperation between China and Serbia in the field of ecological and technological development.

Church Fraternities in Socio-Political and Ethno-Confessional Life of the XVI-XVII cc. in the Light of Ukrainian Historiography

The purpose of this article is to investigate features of lightning in the works of Ukrainian researchers of the XIX- at the beginning XXI cc. of participation of Orthodox church fraternities, which existed on the territory of Ukraine, in ethno-confessional and socio-political life of the Commonwealth, their activities for the benefit of preservation of national and religious identity. Research methodology: the work is based on general scientific principles of historism, comprehensiveness, systemetic and etc. Various general scientific methods in particular analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparison, systemization were used in the work. Special-historical methods such as historical-comparative, historical-typilogical, historical-chronological and others were applied. Scientific novelty of the research is that the special review of domestic historiography of participation of church fraternities in processes of ethno-confessional and socio-political life on Ukrainian lands during XVI-XVII cc. were carried on in the modern domestic science for the first time. Conclusions: The considered scientific achievement of Ukrainian researchers testifies great interest of researches of the XIX- at the beginning XXI cc. to the problems of participation of Orthodox church fraternities, which existed on the territory of Ukraine, in ethno-confessional and socio-political life of the XVI-XVII cc. Significant influence on the interpretation of scientists in various processes of domestic policy, national and religious life of the Commonwealth carried out the ideological beliefs of individual scholars. For example, such were ideas of muscoviteism, through the prism of which a lot of Galician researchers investigated history. Especially noticeable are the influences of political conditions that have imposed on researches certain historiographical patterns. In particular such approaches should be noted in the works of historians who worked under the pressure of the Soviet totalitarian system.