scholarly journals The Consistency of Islamic and Medical Perspectives in the Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mossad Abdelhak Shaban Mohamed ◽  
Hans Van Rosternberghe ◽  
Noraida Ramli ◽  
Nor Rosidah Ibrahim ◽  
Manar Mossad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Care Guidelines ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Control Authority ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Medical Recommendations ◽  
Medical Guidelines

Controlling the current COVID-19 pandemic requires infection control at both the individual and global levels.  There is insufficient information on the consistency between Islamic principles and medical guidelines regarding infection control measures. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the consistency between Islamic principles and evidence-based medical recommendations during the pandemic time. A comparison was made between the latest medical infection control recommendations and Islamic references (the Quran and its interpretation, and Sunnah and its explanation). Relevant materials such as books and research articles in Arabic or English were reviewed. The information was then classified into different levels of infection control strategies, which were individual, household, community and healthcare unit levels. This study demonstrated that both Islamic principles and medical guidelines are consistent in terms of infection control, which involves crisis supervision by the infection control authority and specialised agencies, hand and general hygiene, personal protection, seeking specialist consultation and treatment, comprehensive care, guidelines in the event of limited resources, home isolation, travel bans and quarantine. Moreover, it was observed that Islamic principles combine and optimise both the individual frame and societal cohesion.

scholarly journals ‘…you just put up with it for the sake of humanity.’: an exploratory qualitative study on causes of stress in palliative care nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e051550
Author(s):  
Susann May ◽  
Kerstin Stahlhut ◽  
Matthew Allsop ◽  
Martin Heinze ◽  
Felix Mühlensiepen
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Care Nursing

ObjectiveTo explore and analyse causes of stress among nurses in palliative and inpatient hospice care settings in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignExplorative, qualitative study using problem-centred interviews. Interview data were analysed using structured qualitative content analysis.SettingTelephone interviews with nurses of different settings of palliative and inpatient hospice care.Participants16 nurses from inpatient hospice, palliative care units and specialised palliative home care were recruited.ResultsCOVID-19 infection control measures placed both physical and psychological strain on palliative care nurses. Due to changes in infection control information, workflows were being readjusted on a daily basis, preventing everyday routines and hindering relief from stress. There are reduced and limited opportunities for sharing and reflecting on daily working routines with team colleagues. Specific causes of stress in the individual settings of palliative and inpatient hospice care were identified. Overall, there is a tension between the nurses’ perceptions of proper palliative care nursing, in terms of closeness, psychosocial and emotional support and compliance with infection control measures.ConclusionsPalliative care nurses have been exposed to high levels of both physical and psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This requires rapid relief and support, with a need to ensure continuity of professional supervision and peer-support, which may be facilitated via digital technologies. The unique role of nurses in inpatient hospice and palliative care during COVID-19 ought to be recognised and valorised.

Coronavirus: the science behind infection control and human exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Alison Phillis
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Therapeutic Development ◽  
Environmental Decontamination ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Reservoir

Coronavirus SARS-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for the disease known as COVID-19. The global community is struggling with the health and economic repercussions of this novel disease, and this article is part of a series that seeks to explore and explain the science behind the foci of infection control measures being considered at both the individual and population health levels. Understanding the factors influencing the ability of this virus to select an appropriate host, breach initial defences and successfully assume a new reservoir from which to disseminate and disperse infective viral particles is considered here. Brief reference is made to infection control measures such as effective hand hygiene, glove usage, environmental decontamination and social distancing guidance against the context of the specific evidence around COVID-19 transmission. Predictors of poorer outcome are introduced in the light of these being target themes for therapeutic development.

scholarly journals The Ethics of Infection Control: Philosophical Frameworks

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1077-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Bryan ◽  
Theresa J. Call ◽  
Kevin C. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Individual

Recent developments that are relevant to the ethics of infection control include the patient safety movement, the appearance of new diseases (notably, severe acute respiratory syndrome) that pose threats to healthcare workers, data confirming the suspicion that infection control measures such as isolation may compromise patient care, and, in philosophy, renewed interest in virtue ethics and communitarianism. We review general ethical frameworks and relevant vocabulary for infection control practitioners and hospital epidemiologists. Frameworks for the ethics of infection control resemble those of public health more than those of clinical medicine but embrace elements of both. The optimum framework, we suggest, takes into account a virtue-based communitarianism. The virtue ethics movement stresses the need to consider not only rules and outcomes but also the character of the individual(s) involved. Communitarianism emphasizes the well-being and values of local communities, best determined by shared, democratic decision making among stakeholders. Brief discussions of 15 consecutive cases illustrate the extent to which the daily practice of infection control poses problems heavily freighted with ethical overtones.

scholarly journals An outbreak of norovirus infection in a long-term care facility in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Gatti de Menezes ◽  
Vanessa Maria da Silva de Poli Correa ◽  
Fábio Gazelato de Mello Franco ◽  
Miriam Ikeda Ribeiro ◽  
Maria Fátima dos Santos Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Term Care Facility ◽  
Long Term Care Facility ◽  
Infection Control Measures

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe a norovirus outbreak in a Brazilian long-term care facility from July 8 to 29, 2005. Methods: In the first 48 to 72 hours after onset of symptoms in inpatients and employees, the main infection control strategies were staff education, emphasis on hand washing, implementing contact precautions up to 48-72 hours after resolution of symptoms, complete cleaning of the rooms and exclusion of symptomatic employees from work until 48-72 hours after resolution of their symptoms. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the norovirus infections were described based on chart review. Results: The incidence among inpatients and employees was 41.3% and 16.25%, respectively. The main symptom was diarrhea, affecting 100% of inpatients and employees. Forty-four percent of specimens were positive by RIDASCREEN® Norovirus analyses, and identified as norovirus genogroup GII. Seventy percent of inpatients were women and their age range was 51-98 years. Inpatients had in average two comorbid conditions – 87.3% with cardiovascular or chronic pulmonary condition and 47.6% with dementia. There was not relapse or death. Conclusions: The early infection-control measures associated to surveillance are required to keep long-term care facilities free of noroviruses and to protect those who are most vulnerable.

scholarly journals Risk of infection and appeal to public benefit increase compliance with infection control measures

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Bjørkheim ◽  
Bjørn Sætrevik
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Societal Benefits ◽  
Risk Scenario ◽  
The Individual

To handle an infectious outbreak, the public must be informed about the infection risk and be motivated to comply with infection control measures. Perceiving the situation as threatening and seeing public benefits to complying may increase the public’s motivation to comply. The current study used a preregistered survey experiment to investigate if emphasizing high infection risk and appealing to societal benefits impacted intention to comply with infection control measures. The results show main effects of risk and of appeals to societal benefits. There was no interaction between risk scenario and motivational emphasis. The results suggest that to maximize compliance, information about disease outbreak should emphasize the individual risk of contracting the disease, and could also underline the public value of limiting infection spread. These findings can inform communication strategies during an infectious disease outbreak and help health authorities limit transmission.

scholarly journals Evaluation of tuberculosis Infection control Strategies at the Philippine General Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Divine D. Agustin ◽  
Josephine Anne C. Lucero ◽  
Regina P. Berba
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Initiation Rate ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tb Infection Control

Background. Nosocomial TB transmission adversely affects inpatients and healthcare workers (HCWs). HCWs have a higher risk of tuberculosis and MDR-TB compared to the general population. Nosocomial TB outbreaks have occurred among patients with HIV/AIDS. Hospitals need to examine TB infection control measures in order to address this growing concern. Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the TB infection control strategies in the adult service wards of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH). Methods. This descriptive study was conducted on adult inpatients with bacteriologically-confirmed PTB admitted in April-August 2016. A data collection tool based on Center for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines was utilized for chart review. Baseline characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and isolation intervals were obtained and compared between areas. In-hospital TB infection control practices were reviewed using the CDC TB Risk Assessment Worksheet with data from the TB-DOTS, UP Health Service, PGH Hospital Infection Control Unit, and PGH Department of Laboratories. Results. Of the 95 patients with bacteriologically-confirmed PTB, data from 72 medical records were available and included in the analysis. Majority were Medicine patients (55.6%) with a diagnosis of pneumonia (52.8%). Only 61.1% were PTB suspects on admission. The mean diagnosis interval was 5.82 days±5.473, the mean treatment interval was 0.77 days±2.941, and the mean isolation interval was 8.23 days±6.372. Only 41.7% were successfully isolated. The most common reasons for isolation failure/delay were lack of vacancy (ER, Medicine wards) and lack of isolation room (Surgical wards). Treatment initiation rate was 66.7% while TB-DOTS inpatient referral rate was 55.6%. The hospital is classified as having potential ongoing transmission of PTB. Conclusion. In this study, TB treatment was promptly started but there were delays in diagnosis and isolation. Gaps included 1) lack of recognition of a PTB case, 2) limited isolation rooms, and 3) inadequate utilization of TB-DOTS. TB infection control measures need to be strengthened in order to prevent nosocomial transmission of PTB.

scholarly journals Impact of a Nosocomial COVID-19 Outbreak on a Non-COVID-19 Nephrology Ward during the First Wave of the Pandemic in Spain

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
María Milagro Montero ◽  
Carlota Hidalgo López ◽  
Inmaculada López Montesinos ◽  
Luisa Sorli ◽  
Cristina Barrufet Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Infection Control Measures

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze a nosocomial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak that occurred on a polyvalent non-COVID-19 ward at a tertiary care university hospital in Spain during the first wave of the pandemic and to describe the containment measures taken. The outbreak affected healthcare workers (HCWs) and kidney disease patients including transplant patients and those requiring maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: The outbreak investigation and report were conducted in accordance with the Orion statement guidelines. Results: In this study, 15 cases of COVID-19 affecting 10 patients and 5 HCWs were identified on a ward with 31 beds and 43 HCWs. The patients had tested negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on admission. One of the HCWs was identified as the probable index case. Five patients died (mortality rate, 50%). They were all elderly and had significant comorbidities. The infection control measures taken included the transfer of infected patients to COVID-19 isolation wards, implementation of universal preventive measures, weekly PCR testing of patients and HCWs linked to the ward, training of HCWs on infection control and prevention measures, and enhancement of cleaning and disinfection. The outbreak was contained in 2 weeks, and no new cases occurred. Conclusion: Nosocomial COVID-19 outbreaks can have high attack rates involving both patients and HCWs and carry a high risk of patient mortality. Hospitals need to implement effective infection prevention and control strategies to prevent nosocomial COVID-19 spread.

scholarly journals Norwegian Shelters for Victims of Domestic Violence in the COVID-19 Pandemic – Navigating the New Normal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Bergman ◽  
Margunn Bjørnholt ◽  
Hannah Helseth
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractThis study elucidates the responses of shelters and their adaptations to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effects on their services to victims of violence, as well as how shelter managers assess the situation for victims, including changes in the rates and character of the violence observed by the shelters. A web-based survey was distributed twice to all Norwegian shelters (N = 46): first during the lockdown in spring 2020 and second during the relaxation of infection control measures in summer 2020. The shelters in Norway remained open during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority saw a reduction in the number of requests during the lockdown, while the rates returned to normal when the strictest infection control measures were lifted. They expressed concern about the decline in requests during the lockdown as well as the well-being of some groups, such as victims from ethnic minority backgrounds, children, and victims with additional challenges. A majority of the shelters did not report changes in the content of the requests. Nevertheless, a third of them had observed instances of the virus and/or infection control measures being used by perpetrators as part of the violence and coercive control strategies. The shelters in Norway, as an integrated part of the welfare state, in general seem to have met the needs of their clients during the pandemic. Yet, the study revealed important inequalities and deficiencies in access to services for some groups, and in the general support and recognition by authorities of the shelters.

scholarly journals Aftermath of Covid-19 Pandemic on oral surgery and orthodontic practices in Northern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Variyta ◽  
Monika Chhabra ◽  
Ravi Narula
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The scuttlebutt is already churning out projections about what the post COVID-19 work environment might look like. While we get ‘old-school’ in tackling challenges, we may also want to consider getting ‘tech savvy’ in regards to oral health delivery via teledentistry for prior consultation ultimately decreasing footfall in OPDs. The COVID-19 outbreak serves as both a reminder and an opportunity to assist. This is an ever evolving dynamic situation, and recommendations discussed herein are based on the best currently available information. However, the decision of the treatment of patients still rests with the individual practitioner. The blanket instruction is to dodge all aerosol related procedures in dental setups. It’s dentist prerogative to install all fail-safes and perform restorative procedure requiring AGPs with all efforts to mitigate the risk of transmission of the SARS-Cov-2 virus and for minimal working times with the appropriate PPE and infection control protocols. Even when not using AGPs, it is important that robust infection control measures are employed as this isn’t a perfect world, and we’re still in the throes of a pandemic, making it imperative to cultivate the right mind-set within ourselves. The intent of the present review is to consider changes in the clinical oral and maxillofacial surgery and orthodontic workflow and, allow for a smoother transition, with less risk to our patients and healthcare personnel.

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