scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) In A Secondary Care Hospital In North Eastern Part of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Aim: In today’s scenario, Nosocomial infection is a foremost problem in world. Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are not only resistant to several antibiotics but also, show a particular ability to spread in hospitals of many countries. The main objective of the present study is to determine the prevalence of MRSA in surgical wound infections and also to define the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the strains isolated. Materials and Methods: A total of 133 culture positive Staph.aureus were taken from surgical site wound infections for the study during the period from March 2016 to February 2017. Routine Antibiotic Susceptibility testing was performed and interpreted as per latest CLSI guidelines. Methicillin resistance was detected using cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Results: In total of 133 samples, 81 (60.9%) were found to be MRSA. However, no strain was resistant to Vancomycin, Linezolid or Teichoplanin. Conclusion: Vigorous antimicrobial stewardship and strengthened infection control practices are mandatory to prevent spread and reduce emergence of resistance. Customary surveillance of hospital-associated infection and monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity pattern is required to reduce MRSA prevalence.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 078-081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Arora ◽  
Pushpa Devi ◽  
Usha Arora ◽  
Bimla Devi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

ABSTRACT Aim: The emergence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has posed a serious therapeutic challenge. We report the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA in the hospitals attached to GMC, Amritsar, Punjab. Materials and Methods: The study comprised of 250 coagulase-positive staphylococci (COPS) isolated from a total of 6743 clinical specimens (like pus, blood, urine, high vaginal swab, sputum, etc.) of patients admitted in hospitals attached to Government Medical College, Amritsar from January 2008−February 2009. Routine antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed and interpreted as per standard guidelines. Methicillin resistance was detected using oxacillin and cefoxitin disc diffusion method, oxacillin screen agar method, and minimum inhibitory concentration using broth macrodilution method. Results: A total of 115 (46%) strains were found to be methicillin resistant. Multidrug resistance was observed in 73% MRSA strains. However, no strain was resistant to vancomycin. Conclusion: Regular surveillance of hospital-associated infection and monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity pattern is required to reduce MRSA prevalence.

scholarly journals METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneela Khawaja ◽  
Faiqa Arshad ◽  
Rabiya Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction: The versatility of Staphylococcus aureus has been transformed as “Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus”. The most challenging are the disastrous virulence patterns being expressed due to the selection pressure of antibiotics. For assessing the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; screening by cefoxitin disc (30µg) diffusion method is still a realistic approach among conventional phenotypic methods, being applied in most of the laboratories. This reliable and feasible technique contributes significantly for MRSA detection. This study has been designed to evaluate the prevalence and identify the sensitivity pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from different clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Pathology Department, Microbiology Laboratory, PGMI. Period: January 2015 to December 2015. Materials & Methods: A total 713 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were processed. Identification and confirmation of Staphylococcus aureus was done by colony morphology on blood agar, gram stain, catalase, coagulase and DNA-ase tests. Screening for methicillin resistance was done using cefoxitin disc (30mg, OXOID); while different antibiotic discs were used to assess the sensitivity profile by Modified Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines (2016). Results: Out of 713 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 92 (12.90%) isolates were labelled as methicillin resistant by cefoxitin disc diffusion test. Out of 92 MRSA isolates, 57 (14.65%) were recovered from male patients and 35 (10.80%) from female patients. While, 60 (65.22%) MRSA isolates showed hemolysis on blood agar. Among 92 MRSA isolates, 41 (44.57%) were recovered from pus specimen. Resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was highest (65.22%) after penicillin (100%); while all the MRSA isolates were 100% sensitive to both vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA in hospital care settings is of great clinical concern. To combat this public health threat effectively, continuous surveillance of health-care associated infections, along with local antibiotic sensitivity pattern of MRSA; as well as formulation of a definite antibiotic policy is required.

EVALUATION OF THE METHOSD FOR DETECTION METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.

2013 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Thi Kim Chi Nguyen ◽  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Thi Nam Lien Nguyen ◽  
Van Tuan Mai ◽  
Godreuil Sylvain
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains

Objective: To evaluate the infections that caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and the value of the tests to detect Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Subjects and Methods: Used routine techniques to culture and isolate S.aureus, test the antibiotic sensitivity by Kirby-Bauerr, determination the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Oxacillin and cefoxitin disc and PCR in identified the mecA gene Staphylococcus aureus. Results: The rate of Staphylococcus aureus isolated is highest which isolated from pus specimens (55.06%). In 267 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated in the Department of Microbiology, Hue Central Hospital the Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus was 61.42%. The level of antibiotic resistant strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is higher than that in Methicillin-sensitive strains. Conclusion: Cefoxitin 30 microg disk diffusion method to detect Methicillin resistance is effective for determinate Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (sensitivity and specificity are all 100.00%). Key words: Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin-resistant.

scholarly journals METHICILLIN RESISTANCE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) FROM CSOM IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
A.V. Kavitha ◽  
Thyagarajan Ravinder ◽  
Radhika Katragadda ◽  
Leela Vajravelu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is one of the major cause of preventable hearing loss if treated promptly. Emergence of resistant strains in the world is of great concern. The aim of the present study was to determine the aetiology and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates from CSOM cases with special emphasis on Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and methods: Ear swabs were collected from 212 patients attending otorhinolaryngology department, GKMC, Chennai was processed in Microbiology lab. Direct gram staining was done and then inoculated into Blood, MacConkey and Nutrient agar. Bacterial identification was done using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected by Cefoxitin disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Results: 60 Gram positive bacteria were isolated from collected ear swabs. Staphylococcus aureus 46(26.59%) was the most common bacteria among Gram positive organism followed by CONS 9(5.20%) and Enterococci 5(2.89%). Staphylococcus aureus showed 41(89.13%) was sensitive to amikacin and 40(86.95%) to ofloxacin. All the Gram Positive cocci were 100% sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid. 19.53% were confirmed as MRSA by cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Conclusion: Microbial pattern can vary in different location in different periods of time. Hence knowledge of appropriate aetiology and antimicrobial resistance pattern of CSOM helps in rational use of antibiotics and control of drug resistance.MRSA is emerging as an important pathogen in CSOM. Empirical antibiotics should be directed to gram positives, and especially, MRSA should be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (170) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata Kumari ◽  
TM Mohapatra ◽  
YI Sigh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Nosocomial infection is a major problem in the world today. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, usually resistant to several antibiotics, shows a particular ability to spread inhospitals and is now present in most of the countries.The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of MRSA infections and theirantimicrobial susceptibility pattern in our hospital located in eastern Nepal.Identification of Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed by standard methods and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Interpretation criteriawere those of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards.During a period of one year, out of a total of 750 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from variousclinical samples, 196 (26.14%) were found to be Methicillin-resistant. Seventy percent isolates of MRSA were from inpatient departments and amongst them only 10% of the isolates were from intensive care units (ICU). More than 65% of MRSA were found to be resistant to Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin Erythromycin and Tetracycline, while 47.96% of them were resistant to Amikacin. Many MRSA strains were multidrug-resistant. However, no strains were resistant toVancomycin.To reduce the prevalence of MRSA, the regular surveillance of hospital acquired infection, isolationnursing of patients who carry MRSA, monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern andformulation of a definite antibiotic policy may be helpful.Key words:eastern Nepal, resistant, tertiary-care hospital

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: risk factors and clinical outcome in non-intensive-care units

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho Naves ◽  
Natália Vaz da Trindade ◽  
Paulo Pinto Gontijo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection

INTRODUCTION: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is spread out in hospitals across different regions of the world and is regarded as the major agent of nosocomial infections, causing infections such as skin and soft tissue pneumonia and sepsis. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for methicillin-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (BSI) and the predictive factors for death. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of fifty-one patients presenting bacteraemia due to S. aureus between September 2006 and September 2008 was analysed. Staphylococcu aureus samples were obtained from blood cultures performed by clinical hospital microbiology laboratory from the Uberlândia Federal University. Methicillinresistance was determined by growth on oxacillin screen agar and antimicrobial susceptibility by means of the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: We found similar numbers of MRSA (56.8%) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (43.2%) infections, and the overall hospital mortality ratio was 47%, predominantly in MRSA group (70.8% vs. 29.2%) (p=0.05). Age (p=0.02) was significantly higher in MRSA patients as also was the use of central venous catheter (p=0.02). The use of two or more antimicrobial agents (p=0.03) and the length of hospital stay prior to bacteraemia superior to seven days (p=0.006) were associated with mortality. High odds ratio value was observed in cardiopathy as comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Despite several risk factors associated with MRSA and MSSA infection, the use of two or more antimicrobial agents was the unique independent variable associated with mortality.

scholarly journals Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Prevalence And Antibiogram In A Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (09) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hare Krishna Tiwari ◽  
Ayan Kumar Das ◽  
Darshan Sapkota ◽  
Kunjukunju Sivrajan ◽  
Vijay Kumar Pahwa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Rational Use Of Antibiotics ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial and community infections. Its prevalence varies with country and with hospitals within a country. The current study estimates the prevalence of MRSA strains and investigates their antibiogram in western Nepal. Methodology: A total of 162 S. aureus strains were isolated from various clinical specimens, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using disc diffusion, growth on oxacillin screen agar, and oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: One hundred and twelve (69.1%) strains were found to be MRSA, of which 37 (33.1%) were community acquired and 75 (66.9%) were hospital acquired. Of 112 MRSA strains, 45 (40.1%) were multi-drug resistant. All MRSA strains were found resistant to penicillin, and 91.9%, 87.4%, 77%, and 55.5% were resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and cephalexin, respectively. However, low resistance was observed with amikacin (19%), ciprofloxacin (26.5%), and norfloxacin (30.6%). All strains were sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusion: The reported rate of MRSA prevalence is alarming. Given the ability of MRSA to spread from person to person, it is necessary to adhere to rational use of antibiotics and to raise awareness among the concerned communities and tourists who visit this area.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a tertiary surgical and trauma hospital in Benghazi, Libya

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 723-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najat Buzaid ◽  
Abdel-Naser Elzouki ◽  
Ibrahim Taher ◽  
Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Introduction: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a multidrug resistant organism that threatens the continued effectiveness of antibiotics worldwide and causes a threat almost exclusively in hospitals and long-term care settings. This study investigated the prevalence of MRSA strains and their sensitivity patterns against various antibiotics used for treating hospitalized patients in a major tertiary surgical hospital in Benghazi, Libya. Methodology: We investigated 200 non-duplicate S. aureus strains isolated from different clinical specimens submitted to the Microbiology Laboratory at Aljala Surgical and Trauma Hospital, Benghazi, Libya from April to July 2007. Isolates were tested for methicillin resistance by the oxacillin disc-diffusion assay according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. MRSA strains were tested for antimicrobial resistance (i.e., vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and fusidic acid) using commercial discs. Information on patient demographics and clinical disease was also collected. Results: Of the isolates examined 31% (62/200) were MRSA. No significant differences were observed in the prevalence of MRSA among S. aureus from females or males or from different age groups. Most MRSA were isolated from burns and surgical wound infections. Antibiotic resistance patterns of 62 patients with MRSA to vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, fusidic acid, chloramphenicol and erythromycin were 17.7%, 33.9%, 41.9%, 38.7% and 46.8% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: MRSA prevalence in our hospital was high and this may be the case for other hospitals in Libya. A sound surveillance program of nosocomial infections is urgently needed to reduce the incidence of infections due to MRSA and other antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in Libyan hospitals.

scholarly journals Anti MRSA and Antiviral Evaluation of Nano Silver Against Avian Influenza virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sannan Ahmad ◽  
Hira Musaddiq ◽  
Mirza Imran Shahzad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Preparation of nano sized silver particles was performed by using flower extract of Aerva javanica (AJ). Conversion of Ag+ ions to nanoscaled Ago was carried out in 90 min reaction by green approach. Antiviral potential of nanosilver (NS) was evaluated against Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) strain H9N2, in 9-11 days old chicken embryonated eggs. Synthesized particles were also screened against four methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains by well diffusion method. Formation of spherical particles was confirmed by SPR band at 428 nm. XRD analysis confirmed face centred cubic crystal structure of particles with average particle size of 15 nm as calculated by Debye–Scherrer’s formula. Remarkable anti AIV activity was observed from NS particles with IC50 value 50 ?g/ml and this value is 200 times greater control drug i.e., Amantadine. Synthesized particles were also screened against four methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains by well diffusion method. Significantly high antiviral and antibacterial activities were observed from nanosilver particles against AIV H9N2 and all four MRSA strains.Keywords:

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