Beatriz Agame-Lagunes
◽
Monserrat Alegria-Rivadeneyra
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Rodolfo Quintana-Castro
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Cristobal Torres-Palacios
◽
Peter Grube-Pagola
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...
Background:
Cancer is one of the main causes of death by disease; several alternative treatments have
been developed to counteract this condition. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma
longa, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties; however, it has low water solubility and poor
intestinal absorption. Carrier systems, such as nanoemulsions, can increase the bioavailability of lipophilic bioactive
compounds.
Objective:
To evaluate the effect of curcumin nanoemulsions prepared with lecithin modified with medium-chain
fatty acids as an emulsifier, on the expression of the Cdk4, Ccne2, Casp8 and Cldn4 genes involved in the carcinogenesis
process in K14E6 transgenic mice.
Methods:
The emulsifier was prepared by interesterification of medium-chain fatty acids, pure lecithin, and immobilized
phospholipase-1 on Duolite A568. An Ultraturrax homogenizer and a Branson Ultrasonic processor were used
for the preparation of nano-emulsions, and a Zetasizer evaluated the particle size. qRT-PCR analysis was performed
to quantify the cancer-related genes expressed in the K14E6 mice. The development and evolution of skin carcinogenesis
were assessed through histological analysis to compare cell morphology.
Results:
Ca 59% of the MCFA were incorporated via esterification into the PC within 12 hours of the reaction. An
emulsifier yield used to formulate the NE of 86% was achieved. Nanoemulsions with a particle size of 44 nm were
obtained. The curcumin nano-emulsion group had a 91.81% decrease in the tumorigenesis index and a reduction in
tumor area of 89.95% compared to the sick group. Histological analysis showed that the group administered with free
curcumin developed a microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma, as opposed to the group with nanoemulsion which
presented only a slight inflammation. In gene expression, only a significant difference in Cdk4 was observed in the
nanoemulsion group.