scholarly journals Challenges of scene management in traffic collisions from the perspective of road emergency responders in East Azerbaijan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Babaie ◽  
Reyhaneh Mostafanejad ◽  
Ali Ali Janati ◽  
Homayon Sadeghi-Bazargani
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Scene Management ◽  
East Azerbaijan

Introduction Thousands of traffic collisions occur each year on Iran’s roads. This study aimed to investigate the challenges of scene management in road traffic collisions in the East Azerbaijan Province of Iran. Methods Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews and analysed by content coding and merging. Subcategories and themes were then extracted after integrating similar codes. Participants were selected using the purposive sampling method, and interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Results Twenty participants were interviewed; nine categories were extracted from the collected data: infrastructure problems, lack of responders’ preparedness, triage challenges, deficiencies and limitations, management of special (hazardous) incidents, communication problems with casualties, lack of coordination, lack of psychosocial support from responders, and cultural and social challenges. Conclusion Each traffic collision requires an immediate and effective response; however, this involves several challenges as its process is an inter-sectoral issue. The major challenge is the lack of coordination among different responders. Accordingly, these challenges need to be addressed by developing a comprehensive plan, designing a leading organisation, and developing a comprehensive trauma system.

scholarly journals Challenges of Scene Management in Traffic Collisions from the Perspective of Road Emergency Responders in East Azerbaijan, Iran, 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Babaie ◽  
Reyhaneh Mostafanejad ◽  
Ali Janati ◽  
Homayon Sadeghi Bazargan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Services ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Scene Management ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
East Azerbaijan

Abstract Background: Annually thousands of traffic collisions occur on the roads of Iran. The present study aimed to investigate the challenges of car crash Scene Management (SM) in East Azerbaijan, Iran.Methods: In this qualitative study, data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews with road accidents responders and analyzed using content analysis coding, and merging. Then, subcategories and themes were extracted from the integration of similar codes. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling method, and the interviews were continued until reaching data saturation.Results: Totally 20 participants were interviewed, out of which 167 challenges, 28 subcategories, and 9 themes were identified including: infrastructural problems, lack of preparedness, challenges of triage, deficiencies and limitations, management of special (hazardous) incidents, communication problems with the casualties, lack of coordination, lack of psychosocial support of responders, cultural and social challenges.Conclusion: Every road crash requires an immediate and effective response, but because this process is an inter-sectoral issue, it is faced with several challenges. The most important of them is the lack of coordination between different responders. Therefore, it is necessary to address these challenges by formulating a comprehensive plan, designating a lead organization, assigning a single phone number for requesting emergency services, eliminating deficiencies and shortcomings, training and empowerment of emergency staff and conducting participatory exercise.

scholarly journals Future Food Sustainability Can Be Traced Back into Local People’s Socio-Cultural Roots in Uttarakhand Himalaya, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7060
Author(s):  
Joyeeta Singh Chakraborty ◽  
Bikash Ranjan Parida ◽  
Nilendu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Local Food System ◽  
Quality Choice ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Uttarakhand Himalaya

Sustainable food system ensures adequate and safe food supply in an eco-friendly manner. We assessed food sustainability perception and practices of local community through structured interviews in sub-alpine settlements of Uttarakhand Himalaya. Major perceived challenges towards food sustainability were identified using Rank-Based Quotient analysis. Association with various socio-demographic factors (e.g., age, gender, education, socio-economy, and socio-culture) was tested. An overall neutral perception (mean score 2.9) and moderately sustainable practices (mean score 3.1) were observed. Respondents with higher socio-cultural score showed more sustainable food sourcing practices and more positive social and economic sustainability perception, as well as higher participatory willingness. Female respondents were more dependent on sustainable food sources than the males. Education level influenced food quality choice. People identified higher food production cost as major economic constraint; while small landholdings and labor migration were main social challenges. Land and water management issues and climate uncertainty were the major environmental constraints. Socio-cultural exposure played significant role in ranking these sustainability constraints. We encourage direct involvement of socio-culturally active people and conducting extensive outreach programs for future sustainable local food system in vulnerable Himalayan valleys.

Explosions and Human Health: The Long-Term Effects of Blast Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Finlay ◽  
Michelle Earby ◽  
David J. Baker ◽  
Virginia S.G. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Blast Injury ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Response Strategies

AbstractThe immediate patterns of injury from explosions are well documented, from both military and civil experience. However, few studies have focused on less immediately apparent health consequences and latent effects of explosions in survivors, emergency responders and the surrounding community. This review aimed to analyze the risks to health following an explosion in a civil setting.A comprehensive review of the open literature was conducted, and data on 10 relevant military, civilian and industrial events were collected. Events were selected according to availability of published studies and involvement of large numbers of people injured. In addition, structured interviews with experts in the field were conducted, and existing national guidelines reviewed.The review revealed significant and potentially long-term health implications affecting various body systems and psychological well-being following exposure to an explosion. An awareness of the short- and long-term health effects of explosions is essential in screening for blast injuries, and identifying latent pathologies that could otherwise be overlooked in stressful situations with other visually distracting injuries and, often, mass casualties. Such knowledge would guide responsible medical staff in implementing early appropriate interventions to reduce the burden of long-term sequelae. Effective planning and response strategies would ensure accessibility of appropriate health care resources and evidence-based information in the aftermath of an explosion.Finlay SE, Earby M, Baker DJ, Murray VSG. Explosions and human health: the long-term effects of blast injury. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(4):1-7.

scholarly journals Education and Sustainability: The Case of Emotions Park

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Dettori ◽  
Federica Caboni ◽  
Ernestina Giudici
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Training Modules

Firms working in the third millennium have to face the challenge of being more sustainable. The complexity and the multidisciplinary nature of sustainability also requires new and specific knowledge. This means the necessity of a critical rethinking of the education system in the way to provide the cognitive tools and applications needed for new generations to address environmental, economic, and social challenges. In this perspective, the role of the school it is crucial, above all, to encourage attention to include sustainability as a theme on educational programs, focusing on the promotion of its multiple dimensions. Interdisciplinary sustainability programs are emerging globally, but little is known about the learning in these educational contexts.Therefore, the current research explores training modules used in the activities of a park to verify how students can receive a sustainable education from primary school; whether and in which way education can be a driver for the promotion of sustainable development; and whether it is effective to insert eco-activities such as eco-games, eco-campus, and eco-sports in the training modules from primary school onwards. For this purpose, the paper employed a single case study approach using the Emotions Park as a teaching plan. In particular, game and sports constantly accompany the training process by creating interdisciplinary links with different study subjects (e.g., civic education, environmental education, communication). Through the eco-activities, an innovative way to promote environmental and sustainability education was explored as a training model. Outdoor play, observation, and stimulation of the senses have proved powerful learning tools, and key to the acquisition of skills. Research data were collected observing the behavior of a sample of 22 participants and through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with educators, employee and students. The empirical observation suggests that inserting the sustainability principles as a topic in didactic programs provides the cognitive tools and applications needed for the new generations to address environmental, economic, and social challenges.

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of Covid-19 on University Students: Their Expectations of Mental Health Professionals

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
M.Siyabend KAYA ◽  
Yavuz KOŞAN
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Main Effects

The current study focused on exploring the psychological impact of the COVID -19 outbreak on university students and participants' expectations of mental health professionals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 80 university students aged 18 to 33 years from 19 cities in Turkey. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify important aspects of the students' experiences. According to the results, the main effects of the epidemic COVID -19 on the participants were depression and anxiety. We found that participants used various ways to cope with COVID -19 such as reading books and paying attention to hygiene. Participants also indicated that they perceived some positive situations, such as the value of nature and humanity, the importance of family, and various negative situations, such as mental exhaustion. Finally, participants stressed that they had different expectations regarding psychosocial support and the planning of individual activities by mental health professionals

The Social Experiences of College Students on the Autism Spectrum

2017 ◽  
pp. 25-43
Author(s):  
Kate Altman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
New School ◽  
The Social ◽  
College Staff

As children on the autism spectrum age out of the K-12 system, many will go on to attend college. Often, they are intellectually capable and academically prepared for the college curriculum, but struggle when faced with the new social challenges posed by their new school setting and young adulthood in general. This book chapter offers information about the social experiences of college students with ASD, gleaned from a qualitative, phenomenological study using semi-structured interviews with college students on the spectrum. The results offer insights that are interesting and informative for prospective and current college students and their parents, educators at the high school and college level, and college staff working with students with ASD. Results of the study revealed some common themes, such as: the participants reported feeling socially accepted at college and have made friendships, college has had a positive impact on self-esteem; use of individual counseling and ASD support groups improve socialization.

‘Physical appearance and well-being in adults with incurable cancer: a thematic analysis’

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002632
Author(s):  
Philippa Tollow ◽  
Jane Ogden ◽  
Candida S McCabe ◽  
Diana Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Incurable Cancer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Appearance Changes

ObjectivesExisting research has established the importance of appearance concerns for individuals with cancer and identified appearance as an important factor in dying with dignity. No research, however, has explored in depth the role of appearance in the experiences of individuals who have incurable cancer. This research aims to explore patients’ experiences and perspectives in relation to the role of appearance issues in adults with incurable cancer.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 adults with incurable cancer (20 women, 4 men; mean age 54.5, SD 11.32).ResultsThematic analysis generated three themes: ‘Identity: Embodying Cancer’, ‘Communication: Wearing your illness’ and ‘Support: Holistic Care’. Appearance was felt to be an important element of identity, which was often dominated by cancer, leading to feelings of separation from the participant’s previous self. Appearance changes also influenced the way in which individuals communicated with their external world, forcing discussion of their diagnosis, and increasing focus on their cancer, with participants having to manage the emotional impact of this on loved ones, as well as the impact on their legacy. Finally, participants highlighted the positive impact of appearance-related support in their well-being and identified peer connections and refocusing on the self as key elements of such support.ConclusionsAppearance changes play an important role in the experiences of individuals with incurable cancer with regards to both identity and communication and challenged participants’ ability to maintain normalcy. Further psychosocial support relating to appearance concerns was considered necessary to promote dignity and provide truly holistic patient care.

scholarly journals Direct transport vs secondary transfer to level I trauma centers in a French exclusive trauma system: Impact on mortality and determinants of triage on road-traffic victims

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0223809
Author(s):  
Sophie Rym Hamada ◽  
Nathalie Delhaye ◽  
Samuel Degoul ◽  
Tobias Gauss ◽  
Mathieu Raux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Secondary Transfer ◽  
Level I ◽  
System Impact

scholarly journals MP01: Use of an unmanned aerial vehicle to provide situational awareness in a simulated mass casualty incident

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. S40-S40
Author(s):  
A. K. Sibley ◽  
T. Jain ◽  
B. Nicholson ◽  
M. Butler ◽  
S. David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Mass Casualty Incident ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Scene Management ◽  
Patient Localization

Introduction: Situational awareness (SA) is essential for maintenance of scene safety and effective resource allocation in mass casualty incidents (MCI). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) can potentially enhance SA with real-time visual feedback during chaotic and evolving or inaccessible events. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of paramedics to use UAV video from a simulated MCI to identify scene hazards, initiate patient triage, and designate key operational locations. Methods: A simulated MCI, including fifteen patients of varying acuity (blast type injuries), plus four hazards, was created on a college campus. The scene was surveyed by UAV capturing video of all patients, hazards, surrounding buildings and streets. Attendees of a provincial paramedic meeting were invited to participate. Participants received a lecture on SALT Triage and the principles of MCI scene management. Next, they watched the UAV video footage. Participants were directed to sort patients according to SALT Triage step one, identify injuries, and localize the patients within the campus. Additionally, they were asked to select a start point for SALT Triage step two, identify and locate hazards, and designate locations for an Incident Command Post, Treatment Area, Transport Area and Access/Egress routes. Summary statistics were performed and a linear regression model was used to assess relationships between demographic variables and both patient triage and localization. Results: Ninety-six individuals participated. Mean age was 35 years (SD 11), 46% (44) were female, and 49% (47) were Primary Care Paramedics. Most participants (80 (84%)) correctly sorted at least 12 of 15 patients. Increased age was associated with decreased triage accuracy [-0.04(-0.07,-0.01);p=0.031]. Fifty-two (54%) were able to localize 12 or more of the 15 patients to a 27x 20m grid area. Advanced paramedic certification, and local residency were associated with improved patient localization [2.47(0.23,4.72);p=0.031], [-3.36(-5.61,-1.1);p=0.004]. The majority of participants (78 (81%)) chose an acceptable location to start SALT triage step two and 84% (80) identified at least three of four hazards. Approximately half (53 (55%)) of participants designated four or more of five key operational areas in appropriate locations. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of UAV technology to remotely provide emergency responders with SA in a MCI. Additional research is required to further investigate optimal strategies to deploy UAVs in this context.

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