scholarly journals Suitability of Nondestructive Testing of Asphalt Concrete for Detecting the Impact of Moisture Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Saad Issa Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Base Course ◽  
The Impact

Asphalt pavement susceptibility to moisture damage is considered as a major issue in the durability and service life of the roadway. Quick and nondestructive testing of asphalt concrete pavement are the major concern for predicting its suitability for evaluation. In the present investigation, nondestructive test has been implemented to detect the moisture damage issue of asphalt concrete mixture. Asphalt concrete specimens were prepared using Marshall method. Aggregates gradation of wearing, binder and base course was implemented for the preparation of the specimens. Specimens were tested for ultrasonic pulse velocity before and after practicing the moisture damage procedure. The variations of seismic modulus among various gradation before and after the moisture damage were considered as a criterion for moisture damage and related to tensile strength ratio TSR. It was observed that the pulse velocity decline by a range of (11 to 16) for asphalt concrete after moisture damage. It was concluded that the Seismic modulus as calculated from the ultrasonic pulse velocity test was effective in distinguishing the impact of moisture damage. The seismic modulus at optimum asphalt content decline by (34.7, 46.7, and 52.6) % after moisture damage for wearing, binder, and base course mixtures respectively. The ultrasonic pulse velocity test is recommended for assessing the susceptibility of asphalt concrete mixture to moisture damage.

scholarly journals Verifying Moisture Damage Impact in Asphalt Concrete with the Aid of Nondestructive Test NDT

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Saad Issa Sarsam ◽  
Nazar Sajad Kadium
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Base Course ◽  
The Impact

One of the major concerns of pavement durability is its susceptibility to moisture damage. In this investigation, non-destructive test NDT has been implemented to detect the moisture damage issue. Asphalt concrete specimens were prepared using the traditional Marshall method for wearing, binder and asphalt stabilized base course. Specimens were traversed by ultrasound pulse velocity before and after practicing the moisture damage procedure. The variation of dynamic and elastic modulus before and after the moisture damage was considered and related to tensile strength ratio TSR. It was noted that the pulse velocity decline by (11, 11.2 and 16.4) % and the dynamic modulus declines by (28, 6.6 and 28.5) % for asphalt concrete wearing, binder and base courses respectively after moisture damage. The elastic modulus exhibits no significant variation after moisture damage for wearing course while it declines by (9 and 11.7) % for binder and base courses respectively after moisture damage. It was concluded that the elastic and dynamic moduli were unable to clearly distinguish the impact of moisture damage, whereas the Seismic modulus calculated from the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity test was effective in distinguishing such impact. The linear equation obtained with good coefficient of determination can explain 74 % of the variation in the seismic modulus after moisture damage.

scholarly journals Evaluating Asphalt Concrete Properties by the Implementation of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Nazar Sajad Kadium ◽  
Saad Isaa Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Testing Temperature ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive

  In past years, structural pavement solution has been combined with destructive testing; these destructive methods are being replaced by non-destructive testing methods (NDT). Because the destructive test causes damage due to coring conducted for testing and also the difficulty of adequately repairing the core position in the field. Ultrasonic pulse velocity was used to evaluate the strength and volumetric properties of asphalt concrete, of binder course. The impact of moisture damage and testing temperature on pulse velocity has also been studied. Data were analyzed and modeled. It was found that using non-destructive testing represented by pulse velocity could be useful to predict the quality of asphalt concrete, the good correlation between the pulse velocity and the volumetric and strength properties. The potential benefit of using the wave parameters is for condition assessment of asphalt concrete. The moisture damage exhibits a negative influence on pulse velocity by 13%, while the testing temperature shows an effect on the pulse velocity.

scholarly journals Implication of Nondestructive Test NDT for Evaluation of Crack Healing in Asphalt Concret

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Saad Issa Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Loading Frequency ◽  
Crack Healing ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Before And After

Asphalt concrete practices heavy loading and environmental impacts through the service life of the pavement. Micro cracks usually initiate and accumulate to form various types of distresses. However, asphalt concrete has the ability of self-healing under rest period and environment conditioning. Asphalt concrete is a composite material consisting of aggregates, bitumen, and air voids. Its mechanical behavior is complex due to its dependency of temperature, loading frequency, and strain level. In this investigation, asphalt concrete specimens of wearing course have been prepared in the laboratory and subjected to repeated indirect tensile stresses to initiate the micro-cracks. The test was stopped after 1200 load repetitions, and the specimens were stored in an oven at 60°C for 120 minutes to allow the crack healing process by external heating to start. Specimens were returned to the testing chamber and were subjected to another round of load repetitions. Specimens were tested before and after load repetitions and crack healing with the aid of ultrasonic pulse velocity traversing the specimen using pundit instrument. The healing indicator was the change in pulse velocity before and after the repeated load test and before and after healing process. It was concluded that the velocity decreases as the loading cycles proceeds indicating the start of damage, while the ultrasonic pulse velocity increases after the micro-crack healing process.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Concrete using Marble Mining Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Dattatraya Kore ◽  
A. K. Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marble Waste

Abstract A huge amount waste (approximately 60%) is generated during mining and processing in marble industries. Such waste can be best utilized in infrastructure development works. Coarse aggregate 75% by weight was replaced by aggregate obtained from marble mining waste. The impact of marble waste as a partial replacement for conventional coarse aggregate on the properties of concrete mixes such as workability, compressive strength, permeability, abrasion, etc. was evaluated. The test results revealed that the compressive strength was comparable to that of control concrete. Other properties such as workability of concrete increased, water absorption reduced by 17%, and resistance to abrasion was marginally increased by 2% as compared to that of control concrete. Ultrasonic pulse velocity and FTIR results show improvement in quality of concrete with crushed marble waste. From the TGA analysis it was confirmed that, aggregate produced from marble waste shows better performance under elevated temperature than that of conventional aggregates.

Recycling of Waste Limestone as Fine Aggregate for Conventional and Green Concretes

2018 ◽  
Vol 928 ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trong Phuoc Huynh ◽  
Chao Lung Hwang ◽  
Si Huy Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Green Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mixtures

This paper presents the results of the experimental works to investigate the use of waste limestone from water treatment industry as fine aggregate in green concrete. Two concrete mixtures with a constant water-to-binder ratio of 0.3 were prepared for this investigation, in which, the normal concrete mixture was designed following the guidelines of ACI 211 standard, while the green concrete mixture was designed using densified mixture design algorithm (DMDA) technology. For comparison, both types of concrete samples were subjected to the same test program, including fresh properties, compressive strength, strength efficiency of cement, drying shrinkage, electrical surface resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and thermal conductivity. Test results indicate that both concrete mixtures showed the excellent workability due to the round-shape of waste limestone aggregate and the use of superplasticizer. In addition, the green concrete mixture exhibited a better performance in terms of engineering properties and durability in comparison with the normal concrete mixture. The results of the present study further support the recycling and reuse of waste limestone as fine aggregate in the production of green concrete.

scholarly journals Tensile Strength and Dynamic Modulus of Pervious Polymer Concrete with Freezing and Thawing Cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Yunje Lee ◽  
Jaehun Ahn ◽  
Yungtak Oh ◽  
Jaegeon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Test Standards ◽  
Before And After

The expansion of impervious areas owing to urbanization has adverse effects on water circulation. The application of low-impact development techniques to solve these problems is gaining popularity. Among others, Permeable pavements are the most widely employed low-impact development techniques. In this study, the dynamic modulus and tensile strength of pervious polymer concrete pavement were evaluated before and after freezing-thawing cycles. A tensile strength test, performed to check the soundness of the pervious polymer concrete, yielded a tensile strength and tensile strength ratio of 0.66 to 0.96 MPa, and 72 to 83%, respectively. The ultrasonic pulse velocity was measured to determine the dynamic modulus according to the freezing-thawing cycles. When 300 freezing-thawing cycles were performed, the dynamic modulus was analyzed to drop to a level of 77~85% of the initial value. The standards for freezing and thawing tests of pervious concrete have not yet been established. It is necessary to develop test standards for freezing-thawing resistance of pervious concretes considering climate change.

Comparison of Ultrasonic Methods for Thermally Damaged Concrete Nondestructive Testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Michal Matysík ◽  
Ladislav Carbol ◽  
Zdenek Chobola ◽  
Richard Dvořák ◽  
Iveta Plšková
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Elastic Wave ◽  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Methods ◽  
Nonlinear Elastic ◽  
Nonlinear Elastic Wave

Behaviour of concrete under elevated temperatures is very complex. There is a change of mechanical and physical parameters with temperature. In this paper we study the relations of thermal damage processes in concrete and parameters obtained by different ultrasonic methods. The concrete specimens were heated in programmable laboratory furnace. Selected temperature (200°C, 400°C, 600°C, 800°C, 1000°C and 1200°C) were maintained for 60 minutes. The first ultrasonic measurement technique in this paper was Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity method. The pulse velocity in a concrete depends on its density and its elastic properties. Therefore, it is possible to deduce the quality and the compressive strength of the concrete from the ultrasonic pulse velocity. The second ultrasonic measurement technique in this paper uses broadband pulse-compression signal, with variable amplitude to measure the change of fundamental frequency. This method is based on Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy. Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy methods takes advantage of the fact, that nonlinearities in material manifest themselves as a resonant frequency shifts and harmonics or dumping coefficients changes. The progress of nondestructive testing parameters was confirmed by results from the destructive tests.

Estimation of Asphalt Concrete Modulus Using the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 04018008
Author(s):  
Jose Roberto Medina ◽  
B. Shane Underwood ◽  
Michael Mamlouk
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity

scholarly journals Applying Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System to Improve Concrete Strength Estimation in Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Loan T. Q. Ngo ◽  
Yu-Ren Wang ◽  
Yi-Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Nondestructive Testing Methods

When inspecting the property of material, nondestructive testing methods are more preferable than destructive testing since they do not damage the test sample. Nondestructive testing methods, however, might not yield the same accurate results in examining the property of material when compared with destructive testing. To improve the result of nondestructive testing methods, this research applies artificial neural networks and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system in predicting the concrete strength estimation using nondestructive testing method, the ultrasonic pulse velocity test. In this research, data from a total of 312 cylinder concrete samples were collected. Ultrasonic pulse velocity test was applied to those 312 samples in the lab, following the ASTM procedure. Then, the testing results of 312 samples were used to develop and validate two artificial intelligence prediction models. The research results show that artificial intelligence prediction models are more accurate than statistical regression models in terms of the mean absolute percentage error.

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