Analysis of Wound Healing from Andaliman Fruit Essential Oil Ointment (Zanthoxylum Canthopodium Dc.) on Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

Injuries are cases of injury that are often experienced by every human being. A wound is the loss or damage of some body tissue. Many andaliman fruits contain many phytochemicals such as phenols, saponins, flavonoids, triterpioids, and alkaloids. Its terpenoid content has antioxidant and antimicrobial activity repellents. Iris / incision wounds, which are wounds caused by sharp object slices such as knives, cause damage to vessels that are large enough if the slice is deep enough. This study aims to find out the effect of Andaliman Fruit Essential Oil Saleb (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) on wound healing in white rats. This experimental study with the approach of Pre-test and Post-test group only control design was conducted January to February 2021, at the Herbarium Medanese FMIPA USU, the Pharmacognosive Laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy USU, and the Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology USU. The samples were Andaliman Fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.), and male white rats. The number of samples using frederer formula, so determined the number of as many as 25 rats selected randomly divided into 5 groups. Data analysis uses the normality test statistical data test, and the ANOVA test. The results of the study that andaliman fruit extract has several bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins that play a role in wound healing. The optimum concentration of Saleb Andaliman fruit essential oil that can heal wounds in white rats is 5%. The highest percentage of cures on the 14th day was in positive control (Bioplacenton®) which was 95% and followed by an extract of 5% v/v with a cure percentage of 90%. Essential oil of andaliman fruit extract has the ability to approach Bioplacenton® in healing wounds in mice.

Knowledge Relationship with Maternal Anxiety in Breastfeeding Babies during the Covid-19 Pandemic at UPTD Puskesmas Bawomataluo in 2021

Breast milk is the main food source for babies who contain a variety of vitamins, proteins, and fats. However, with the increase in the Covid-19 pandemic, many mothers do not breastfeed their babies, because they are worried that their babies will contract the Covid-19 virus. This is due to the lack of information obtained by mothers, that the Covid-19 virus cannot be transmitted through breast milk. This study aims to find out the relationship of knowledge with maternal anxiety in breastfeeding in infants during the Covid-19 pandemic. This type of quantitative research with an analytical descriptive approach, conducted at UPTD Bawomataluo, November to December 2021. A population of 61 nursing mothers, a large determination of the total sampling sample. Univariate data analysis and bivariate analysis, Chi-Square test, a significant level of 0.05. The majority of respondents had less knowledge than 43 respondents (70.2%). The majority of respondents had a severe anxiety level of 31 respondents (50.8%). The results of bivariate analysis of knowledge relationship and anxiety level obtained value p-value = 0.000 < = 0.05. Concluded, it can be concluded that there is a meaningful relationship between the level of knowledge and anxiety levels of breastfeeding mothers in the Covid-19 pandemic.

Anti-Dislipidemia Effectiveness Test of Turmeric Ethanol Extract (Curcuma Longa) in Male Wistar Mice Given a High-Fat Diet

Dyslipidemia is a condition of increasing levels of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol in the blood, or triglycerides in the blood that can be accompanied by a decrease in levels of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). Herbal products have been used since long ago in the medical world, one of which is curcuma longa root. The main compound of turmeric is curcumin which can lower cholesterol levels due to inhibiting cholesterol reabsorbtion from the outside and increase the enzyme HmgCoA reductase inhibitor so that fat synthesis can run properly. The purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) as an anti-dyslipidemia in male wistar rats given a high-fat diet. This experimental study with the pre-test and post-test group only control design approach was conducted in January 2021, at the Herbarium Medanese FMIPA USU. The size of the sample was calculated by Federer's formula, with at least 4 mice in each treatment group. The results and conclusions of turmeric ethanol (Curcuma Longa) III (150.20 ± 0.90 mg/dl) significantly decreased total cholesterol compared to the control group (177.50 ± 6.02mg/dl) (P value < 0.05). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III (110.00 (109-112) mg/dl) may significantly lower triglyceride levels compared to the control group (166.50 (160-175) mg/dl), (value P = 0.024). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III (66.50 ± 1.25 mg/dl) significantly lowered LDL levels compared to the control group (106.20 ± 3.50 mg/dl), (P value < 0.05). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III, (60.00 (59-61) mg/dl) can significantly increase HDL levels compared to the control group (27.00 (33-39) mg/dl), (Value P = 0.024). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III significantly lowered SGOT (Value = 0.024) and SGPT (Value P < 0.05) compared to the control group.

Test of the Effectiveness of Anti-Dyslipedemia Extract Ethanol Mangosteen Peel (Garcinia Mangostana L.) in Male Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for atheroscler heart disease, stroke, and is often defined as abnormalities or disruption of lipid metabolism. Garcinia mangostana L. is famous for its anti-inflammatory properties and is used in the treatment of skin infections and wounds. The main phytochemicals present in this species are anisoprenylated xanthone, many reports of biological effects, such as antioxidant, pro-apoptosis, anti-proliferative, anti-nosiseptif, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, and anti-obesity. This study aims to find out the effectiveness of mangosteen peel ethanol extract as an anti-dyslipidemia in male wistar rats given a high-fat diet. This type of research is experimental with a Pre-test approach and Post-test group only control design. The samples used were mangosteen peel ethanol extract and male wistar rats, with the size of the sample calculated with Federer's formula. Analyze data with the One-Way Anova Test if the data is normally distributed with advanced tests in the form of Post Hoc Tukey HSD tests to see real differences between treatments. The results of the total cholesterol study in the entire treatment group of mice showed a significant difference in P values < 0.05. Triglyceride levels in the entire treatment group also showed significant differences, this can be seen from the value of P < 0.05 (Value P = 0.029). LDL levels also showed significant differences across the treatment group, which can be seen from the P value of < 0.05. HDL levels make a significant difference in the value of P < 0.05 (Value P = 0.029). SGOT and SGPT levels in the entire group of rat treatment showed significant differences, this was seen from the value of P < 0.05. The conclusion that mangosteen peel ethanol extract significantly lowered total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, LDL levels, SGOT levels compared to the control group. Mangosteen peel ethanol extract can significantly increase HDL levels compared to the control group.

Influence before and after Early Mobilization of Changes in Pain Levels in Post Orthopedic Surgery Patients at Royal Prima Medan Hospital in 2021

Orthopedic surgery is a surgical action associated with the correction of musculoskeletal system deformities and orthopedic problems that aim to improve function by restoring movement and stability and reducing pain and disabilities. Early mobilization is a prominent factor in speeding up postoperative recovery and may prevent postoperative complications. This study aims to find out the influence before and after early mobilization of changes in pain levels in orthopedic postoperative clients at RSU Royal Prima. This type of research uses a correlational descriptive research design, using the One Group Pretest-Postest approach. The location of this study was conducted at RSU Royal Prima Medan in March 2021. The population of all patients’ post-surgery orthopedic hospitalization amounted to 176 patients. The size of the sample uses the formula Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), then the number of samples is determined to be 100 people. Univariate analysis, bivariate with t-dependent test (paired t-test) with a meaningful limit of 0.05. The results of the study that there was a change in the level of pain Wilcoxon test results at the time of the pre-test the result of the mean value of 3.82, at the time of the post-test test the mean value was 2.34. So the result of Z = -5,358 then p-value as much as 0.004 < 0.05 so that Ho is rejected and Ha accepts. The conclusion of the level of pain before early mobilization in the client post orthopedic surgery the majority feels even more pain and the minority experience severe pain. The level of pain after early mobilization in the majority of orthopedic postoperative clients was slightly more painful and the minority felt even more pain. There is an early mobilization effect on pain changes in orthopedic postoperative clients in patients in the hospital room of RSU Royal Prima in 2021.

Effects of Curcuma Longa Ethanol Extract on Isolated Guinea Pigthile Smooth Muscle in Acetylcholine Induction

Epidemiological studies show that nearly 20% of the world's population suffers from diseases related to allergies and asthma. The main compound of turmeric is curcumin has several pharmacological properties, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory, asthma treatment. The study aimed to determine the effects of ethanol extract Curcuma longa on the smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pigtic trachea in acetylcholine induction. This research method was experimental to observe the relationship of Curcuma longa ethanol extract (EECL) to the relaxing effects of isolated smooth muscle trachea marmot (tracheal ring chain) inserted into a bath organ filled with Kreb's physiological fluid by maintaining a temperature of 35-370C and associated with a Matlab recorder. Samples used by male guinea pigs and ethanol extract Curcuma longa (EECL). The results of the study that ethanol extract Curcuma longa has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscles of the trachea isolated from the experimental rats contracted with acetylcholine. Ethanol extract Curcuma longa has the ability not dising from theophylline 2 x 10-4 M in reducing smooth muscle contraction of insulated Cavia porcelain trachea induced by acetylcholine, acetylcholine strength without incubation contraction compared to acetylcholine with EECL incubation showed statistically different results (p <0.05). The mechanism of Curcuma longa relaxation effect on isolated guinea pig smooth muscle is mediated through inhibition of the enzyme PDE.

The Correlation of Transaminase Enzymes on the Prognosis of Covid-19 Patients in the ICU Infection Center Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital Makassar

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that has been designated as a worldwide pandemic. Symptoms of Covid-19 are not only respiratory symptoms but also extrapulmonary symptoms, including the discovery of impaired liver function in the form of increased transaminase enzymes. Therefore, this study was conducted to see the correlation of transaminase enzymes with the prognosis of COVID-19 patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. The study was conducted on June to August 2021. The cross-sectional analytical research method used retrospective medical record data for the period from July to December 2020 with a sample of 137 patients with COVID-19 confirmed. From the results of the Pearson test, patients with increased SGOT were associated with a mortality prognosis (p=0.000, p<0.05) with a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.383 and an increase in SGPT were associated with a mortality prognosis (p=0.013, p<0.05) with a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.211. From the results of the Kruskal Wallis test, there were differences in prognosis in patients with increased SGOT and SGPT grades 1,2,3, and 4 (p = 0.000 and p = 0.028). There is a correlation between the increased transaminase enzymes with the prognosis of the patient's mortality. Patients with severe elevated SGOT and SGPT enzymes had a greater prognosis of mortality than those with mild enzyme elevations. Extrapulmonary symptoms of stroke were associated with increased SGOT and myocardial infarction symptoms, and nephropathy was associated with increased SGOT and SGPT. Comorbid coronary artery disease and hepatitis were associated with increased SGOT and SGPT.

Development of Inquiry-Based Mechanics Teaching Materials to Train Critical Thinking Skills for FKIP Physics Students, Universitas Pattimura Ambon

This research is to produce inquiry-based mechanics teaching materials to train critical thinking skills of Physics FKIP students, Pattimura University, Ambon. The research design used the Kemp model (1994) and the learning process was packaged in an inquiry setting with a total sample size of 26 students in the 2020/2021 school year. The data collected were in the form of teaching material validation data, critical thinking skills test instrument validation data, critical thinking skills data, and student response data. The data analysis techniques used include: qualitative descriptive analysis including: the results of validation of teaching materials, the results of instrument validation tests of critical thinking skills, the results of critical thinking skills, and the results of student responses. The results showed that: 1) the validity of the student teaching materials developed was categorized as valid; 2) the validity of the developed critical thinking skills test instrument was categorized as valid; 3) in the percentage of critical thinking skills there is an increase in value from pretest to posttest by more than 40%; 4) Student responses to teaching materials and the implementation of learning are very positive and the lowest percentage is obtained, namely 85% satisfaction with a very good assessment. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the development of inquiry-based mechanics teaching materials can train critical thinking skills of Physics FKIP students, Pattimura University, Ambon.

The Use of Inverters in Solar Power Plants for Alternating Current Loads

The sun shines on the territory of Indonesia for about 10 to 12 hours every day, so that solar power plants can be developed in Indonesia, the government has launched the movement of one million PLTS roofs in 2017, this research uses solar panels with a capacity of 200 Wp, which consists of 2 solar panels connected in parallel, solar charge controllers, batteries, inverters and as an AC load a fan, soldering iron and LED lights, the research aims to determine the output current, voltage and output power of the inverter when given an alternating current load that is inductive, resistive and capacitive, the method used is to measure the intensity of the sun, temperature, voltage, electric current, power factor, when the load is large the voltage drops depending on the given load, the inductive fan load has a voltage drop that is greater than the voltage drop that occurs in the soldering load and the LED lamp, the large current flowing on the output side fan load wants to be bigger than output current flowing in the solder and LED lights, the low efficiency of the inverter used can shorten the life of the electrical equipment used.

Characteristics of Obstetric Patients at RSU Cut Meutia North Aceh During the 2020 Covid-19 Pandemic

Obstetrics is a medical science that specializes in the study of pregnancy and childbirth. This includes the process before during and after a woman gives birth. The scope of obstetrics includes, antepartum bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm pregnancy problems, complications in vaginal delivery, pregnancy with gastrointestinal disorders, hypertension in pregnancy, bleeding in the external and internal genitalia, and other diseases. Abortion was the most common disease group in this study, which was 71.4%. Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before the fetus can live outside the uterus at the age of <20 weeks or weight <500 grams. The incidence of abortion is roughly estimated to be 15-20% and 80% occur in the first trimester. This research is a descriptive study with the research design used is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Obstetrics Inpatient Room at the Cut Meutia Hospital, North Aceh. The study was carried out in June 2021 with a population and sample of all patients in the Obstetric Inpatient Room at the Cut Meutia Hospital, North Aceh in 2020. The variables of this study were types of obstetric diseases based on the size group. Univariate analysis was used to describe the characteristics of the types of obstetric diseases that existed in the Obstetric Inpatient Room at the Cut Meutia Hospital North Aceh in 2020. The patients treated in the Obstetric Inpatient Room at the Cut Meutia Hospital North Aceh in 2020 were 244 patients. The percentage of antepartum bleeding was the highest group of diseases in the Obstetrics Inpatient Room at RSU Cut Meutia in 2020, while post-partum bleeding and bleeding in the external and internal genitalia were the least group of diseases. The second most common disease in the Cut Meutia General Hospital in 2020 was hyperemesis gravidarum, then premature rupture of membranes, followed by retained placenta, blighted ovum and preeclampsia.